②He gave away most of his money to the homeless in the earthquake-stricken area.
____________ ③Please don't give my secret away！
____________ ④The university chancellor gave away our diplomas.
____________ give in to sb 对某人让步 give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音) give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽 give over 移交 ⑤According to this speed of mining，the coal on the earth will give ________ in hundreds of years.
照这种开采速度，几百年后地球上的煤将消耗殆尽。 ⑥Children who are always given ________ to by their parents soon become spoiled.
总是被父母迁就的孩子很快就被惯坏了。 ⑦The keys were given ________ to our neighbours during our absence.
外出时，我们把钥匙交给了邻居。 答案 ①错过，丧失 ②捐赠 ③泄露 ④颁发 ⑤out ⑥in ⑦over 3.take over接收，接管，接任
[教材原句]His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.
他在公司里投资的唯一理由就是接管它。 take in 吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗 take off 脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take over 接管 take up 拿起；着手处理；占据(时间、空间等) ①I've settled that I'll drop medicine and take ________ physics.
我已决定放弃学医，开始学物理。 ②I was taken ________ by the salesman—the car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable.
推销员欺骗了我——那辆汽车结果既不经济又不牢靠。
③(2017·重庆，阅读C)As wheel design took ________，vehicles got faster and faster.
随着车轮的设计开始成功，车辆越来越快。 答案 ①up ②in ③off [句 式 透 析] 1.[教材原句]By the year 2015，the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.
到2015年，服装业将生产出一种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。
by the year 2015是“by＋时间点”构成的介词短语，表示“到……时候”。这一结构通常用于完成时态的句子中作时间状语，分为两种情况： (1)by＋表示将来的时间点，句子谓语动词常用将来完成时，表示到将来某一时间已经完成的动作。 ①He ________________ (finish)writing his novel by the end of next year.
到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。 (2)by＋表示过去的时间点，句子谓语动词常用过去完成时，表示到过去某一时间已经完成的动作。 ②He ________________ (finish) writing his novel by the end of last year.
去年年底他就写完了他的小说。 答案 ①will have finished ②had finished 2.[教材原句]Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.
没有科技上的这些尖端突破，无论是好运带来的还是按计划取得的，我们今天的世界将完全是另一个样子。 (1)without在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用“would＋have done”表示对过去的虚拟。 (2)当虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时，从句的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”，主句的谓语动词用“would/could/should＋动词原形”构成。像这样表假设条件的介词还有but for；连词or，otherwise，它们引导的句子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。 ①But for your kind help，I ________________ (succeed) in passing the driving test.
要不是你的好心帮助，我就不可能会通过驾驶考试了。 ②We human beings ________________(survive) without all the plants and animals around us.
如果我们周围没有植物和动物，人类就不能生存。 答案 ①would not have succeeded ②could not survive 二、短语填空 take over；give away；carry out；figure out；get across；*be dedicated to；make up for；drop off
1.We must ____________ how to solve the problem. 2.Bill Gates was so nice that he decided to ____________ ninety percent of his money to the charities. 3.He was convinced that it was necessary to ____________ to them. figure out give away get across 4.It will be easier to work out a plan than to _________ it ________. 5.Jack has been wrestling with these technical problems since he ____________ the department last year. 6.I ____________ and missed the end of the film. 7.Can you give me some advice on how to ____________ the time I have lost? 8.*China will continue to ____________ international cooperation in this area.
carry out took over dropped off make up for be dedicated to 【联想·积累】 ❶表示“总之”短语 ①in all ②in a word
③in short ④all in all ⑤in conclusion ⑥in sum ⑦in summary ❷“不用说”的短语小结 ①to say nothing of
②not to speak of ③let alone ④not to mention ❸表示“致力于”的短语 ①devote to/be devoted to ②commit oneself to ③apply oneself to ④be dedicated to Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用 1.By the year 2015，the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.(“by＋时间点”常与完成时连用)
到2015年，服装业将生产出各种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污迹。
[仿写]By the end of this week，he ________________ all the work.
到本周末，他将完成所有的工作。 will have finished 2.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.(虚拟语气)
要是没有先驱们在科技上的这些尖端突破，不管这些突破是侥幸的还是计划之中的，今天我们所知道的世界就会是一个完全不同的地方。
[仿写]Without your help，we _________________________.
要是没有你的帮助，我们就不会成功。 couldn't have succeeded 3.*I think there will be an invention that will help prevent drivers from getting stuck in traffic jams.(get＋动词的过去分词)
我想将会有一种有助于防止司机困于交通阻塞的发明。
[仿写]Be careful when you cross the busy street.If not，you may _____________ by a car.
当你穿过繁忙街道的时候要当心，否则就可能被车撞死。 get run over 4.*There's no doubt about it.(There's no doubt about/that...)
对此应该深信不疑。
[仿写]______________________ China's ability to deal with some emergencies.
对中国政府处理紧急事情的能力我们深信不疑。 There is no doubt about 【联想·积累】 ❶“get＋过去分词”结构的用法 (1)在口语中，过去分词之前常用get代替be，构成被动语态。 (2)能够用于get后构成被动语态的过去分词不多，常见的有arrested，broken，caught，cheated，confused，delayed，divorced，dressed，drowned，drunk，elected，engaged，hit，killed，lost，married，stuck等。 ❷doubt 用法小结 doubt v.& n.“怀疑；疑问”，作动词时，其用法如下： (1)在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。 (2)在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。作名词时，用法如下： ①用于肯定句时，一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。 ②用于否定句、疑问句时，一般接that引导的宾语从句。 Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用 将来完成时；将来进行时 单句语法填空 1.*This time tomorrow，I________________(fly) to Shanghai. 2.If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring，you____________
(eat) fresh watermelon in the fall. shall be flying will be eating 3.—Guess what，we've got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice！You ________________ (experience) a different culture then. 4.*By the end of this term，we ________________(finish) our essays. 5.We ________________(live) here for five years by next March. will be experiencing will have finished shall have lived 【联想·积累】 ❶将来进行时 将来进行时强调将来某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。 ❷将来完成时的用法 将来完成时表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作，通常与before或by连用。 表示持续到将来某一时间的动作或状态，这动作或状态也可能将继续进行下去。 表示对现在或将来可能完成动作的推测。
[单 词 点 睛] 1.assist vt.帮助；协助
[高考例句] (2015·新课标全国Ⅱ，满分作文) I'd like to invite you to join us in assisting the elderly people there.
我想邀请你加入到我们在帮助那里的老人们的活动中。 ①The public is urgently requested to assist police ________ tracing/to trace this man.
紧急要求公众帮助警方追踪此人。 ②________ the assistance of my cousin we paddled across the river in the dark to participate in a private meeting.
在我表弟的帮助下，我们趁天黑划过河去，参加一个秘密会议。 答案 ①in ②With 2.conflict n.争执；冲突 vi.冲突；争执；抵触
[高考例句](2017·上海，满分作文) For another，fashion is an essential part of our life which doesn't conflict with our studies.
另一方面，时尚是生活中的重要组成部分，它与我们的学习并不冲突。 (1)come into conflict with 与……争执/冲突 in conflict 处于矛盾中 in conflict with 与……冲突 (2)conflict with 与……抵触/冲突 ①All these actions by the U.S.A.conflicted ________ the universally accepted international laws.
美国的这些行为都与公认的国际法相抵触。 ②She found herself ________ conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。 答案 ①with ②in 3.rescue vt.& n.拯救；救援
[高考例句](2017·北京，阅读B)This month，Grace will star in Dolphin Tale，a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery.
这个月葛瑞丝将出演《海豚的传说》，一部聚焦她被营救和康复的电影。 ①Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people ________ the roof of the burning building.
直升机从失火的大楼的楼顶救出了将近20人。 ②We were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to ________(we)rescue with a huge loan.
我们几乎要停业，但银行借出了一大笔钱救了我们。 答案 ①from ②our 4.donate vt.捐赠；赠送
[教材原句]Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to surgical procedures replacing diseased organs with donated ones.
医学的进步包括从显微镜下发现疾病的起因到用捐赠器官替代病变器官这样的外科手术。 (1)donate sth to sb 向某人捐献某物 (2)donation n.捐赠；捐赠物；捐款 give/make/present a donation to...向……捐赠 (3)donator n.捐赠者，赠送者 ①They used to ________ a large sum of money ________ the Red Cross every year.
他们过去每年都向红十字会捐献大笔的钱。 ②Yao Ming made a generous ________(donate)to charities last year.
去年姚明向慈善事业慷慨捐助。 答案 ①donate；to ②donation
5.correspond vi.与……通信；相符合
[牛津例句]If their statements correspond，we'll have no trouble.
如果他们的话一致，我们就不会有麻烦。 (1)correspond with sb 和某人通信 correspond to/with sth 与某物相一致，相当于 (2)hold/keep up correspondence with sb 与某人(保持)通信联系 in correspondence with 与……一致；与……有通信联系 ①Have you been ________ (correspond)with him since you graduated from the university?
大学毕业后，你一直和他通信吗？ ②Your account of events does not correspond ________ hers.你对事情的陈述与她说的不符。 答案 ①corresponding ②with/to 6.cure vt.治愈，治好 n.疗法；治疗
[教材原句]During the Second World War，when Fleming's discovery was first helping to cure people，the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles.
第二次世界大战期间，青霉素第一次被使用，这时美国海军正在致力于寻找提高导弹命中率的方法。 cure sb of sth 治好某人的病；矫正某人的不良行为 a cure for sth 疾病的治疗方法 ①The fresh air and exercise cured him ________ his headache.
呼吸新鲜的空气和锻炼治好了他的头疼病。 ②The doctor claimed to have discovered a cure _______ the disease.
这个医生声称找到了治愈那种疾病的方法。 【辨析比较】 cure/treat cure 意为“治愈，治好”，可直接跟人或疾病作宾语，有时用来指突然地、出乎意料地痊愈；也用于引申指人的生活习惯的纠正、矫正等，与介词of搭配，强调结果 treat 只指治病，不包括治疗的效果如何。其宾语可以是人也可以是病，人作宾语时，病用for短语表示。它强调“治疗”这一动作 ③The doctor ________ his headache with a new drug but didn't ________ him.
那位医生用一种新药给他治疗头痛，但是没有给他治好。 答案 ①of ②for ③treated；cure 7.permit vt.& vi.允许；准许n.许可，准许
[教材原句]You are not permitted to work if you are on a student visa.
如果你持有学生签证，你就不被允许工作。 (1)permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth 允许做某事 (2)permission n. 许可，允许 give permission 给予许可 without permission 不被允许 ①Her mother doesn't permit her ________(stay)away at night.
她母亲不允许她在外过夜。 ②My parents won't permit my ________(go)with you tonight.
今晚我父母不允许我和你一起去。 ③Employees are permitted ________(use)the golf course during their free hours.
准许雇员在业余时间使用高尔夫球场。 ④No reference books are to be taken out of the reading room without ________(permit).
本阅览室的参考书不得私自带出去。 [熟词生义]写出句中permit的含义 ⑤You cannot enter a military base without a permit.
________ 答案 ①to stay ②going ③to use ④permission ⑤通行证 【名师指津】 (1)permit常用于permit sb to do sth和permit doing sth结构中。有类似用法的动词还有allow，advise，forbid等。 (2)permission与permit都可用作名词。permission表示口头允许；permit表示书面的通行证、许可证。 [短 语 点 拨] 1.in advance 提前；预先
[高考例句](2017·陕西，21) I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
如果你让我提前知道你是否来我会非常感激。 (1)in advance of 在……前面；超前 on the advance (物价)在上涨 (2)advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进 (3)advanced adj.高级的；先进的；晚期的 ①We booked our seats well ________________ the date we wanted to travel.
我们在计划出发旅行日期之前早就预先订好了座位。 ②The mob advanced ________________ us，shouting angrily.
暴民愤怒地叫喊着向我们走来。 答案 ①in advance of ②on/upon/towards 2.give away 捐赠；颁发(奖品等)；泄露(情报、秘密等)；丧失，错过
[高考例句](2015·浙江，7)Body language can give away a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
肢体语言会暴露出你的很多情绪，所以双手交叉抱在胸前传递出的信号是你在自卫。
写出下列句子中give away的含义
①Would they let Shay bet and give away their chance to win the game？
____________ 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 知识运用 知识梳理 Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用 一、单词拼写 1.*(2015·重庆，阅读E) The creation by a great artist is as _____________(永久的) an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist. 2.The feedback from the computer enables us to ________(更新) the program. permanent update 3.Do you read the article about the ________(营救)of the two fishermen? 4.She was in a ________(困境) whether to stay at school or get a job. 5.The two political parties have been in ________(冲突)since the election. 6.Do you ever ______________(通信) with your overseas friends? 7.Father was cutting the grass，and _____________(与此同时) mother was planting roses. rescue dilemma conflict correspond meanwhile 8.He always keeps a pen ________(方便使用的) for signing for his fans. 9.Can I ___________(下载) more than one file at a time?
10.My childhood home will never ________(逐渐变弱)from my memory. handy download fade 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.*No reference books are to be taken out of the reading room without____________(permit). 2.*She looked at the house and ___________(assessment) its market value. 3.The workers are trying to apply modern ___________(technical) to this traditional craft. 4.Having survived___________(starve)，we're beginning to live happily. permission assessed techniques starvation 5.The use of certain chemicals has now been ________(declaration) illegal. 6.The central aim of this government is social ________(equal). 7.He has ________ a lot of money to charity.He hopes his ________ can make the world a better place to live in.(donate) 8.As an ___________，he ___________ the professor with the experiment.And his ____________ made the experiment easier to do.(assist) declared equality donated donation assistant assisted assistance 三、开心词场
Two villagers，Mr.Wang and Mr.Li，came into conflict，because Mr.Wang didn't permit Mr.Li to use his pipe.So Mr.Li set fire on his house，which made things worse.Luckily，many villagers assisted putting out the fire.Meanwhile，the firefighters came to his rescue.However，Mr.Wang still suffered great loss.Hearing the news，many people donated food and clothes to him. 【联想·积累】 ❶“时间”相关词 ①temporary adj.暂时的 ②permanent adj.永久的 ③instant n.& adj. 时刻；紧迫的；即刻的 ④interval n.间隔，间歇 ⑤punctual adj.守时的 ❷后缀-sion的名词 ①permission n. 允许；许可 ②decision n.决定 ③discussion n.讨论 ④possession n.拥有；财产 ⑤explosion n.爆炸 ❸assess形近词 ①possess vt.拥有，占有 ②possession n.拥有，财产
③assess vt.评估
④assessment n.评估
❹词汇拓展 ①equality n.平等→equal adj.平等的v.等于 ②donate vt.捐赠；赠送→donation n.捐赠；赠送→donator n.捐赠者 ③electronic adj.电子的→electric adj.电的；用电的→electrical adj.电的；电气科学的 ④specialist n.专家→special adj.专门的；特殊的 ⑤poison n.毒药；毒物→poisonous adj.有毒的 Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 一、补全短语 1.________ advance 提前，预先 2.________ addition 另外 3.due ________ 由于；因为 4.rather ________ 而不是 5.*________ conclusion 总之 6.*not ________ mention 更不用说 in in in to to than