Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用 一、单词拼写 1.(2015·江苏，阅读C)To increase levels of community service，some schools have launched ___________ (义务的，必须做的)volunteer programs. 2.(2015·福建，书面表达)The ________ (寓意)of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be. 3.(2017·广东，基础写作)He uses the local ________ (媒体)to help himself. compulsory moral media 4.*(2015·新课标全国Ⅱ，阅读A)At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working ________ (完全地). 5.(2017·四川，阅读E)After a week，the two groups switched with participants.They went through the same ________ (程序，步骤)with the other material. altogether procedure 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.*(2015·安徽，阅读E)The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even ________ (difference)between rural (农村的)and urban areas within one country. 2.(2015·浙江，完形)These are ________ (exact)the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore—and the very ones we need to consider most. 3.(2015·北京，阅读B)TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip，not used in any other _____________ (commercial)available headset.
differ exactly commercially 4.(2015·新课标全国Ⅰ，阅读A)The Thames had many islands.Miranda _____________(undertake)a review of all of them. 5.(2015·福建，阅读A)The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes-official fight-starters get things going by________ (cast) tomatoes at the crowd. 6.(2015·湖南，阅读简答)One of the projects was to build a clay pot，but I built mine _________ (correct)，so it broke in the kiln (窑). 7.*(2015·陕西，书面表达)I really want ________ (obtain) this precious opportunity because，by offering my service，I will be able to improve my organizational ability.
has undertaken casting incorrectly to obtain 8.(2017·湖北，完成句子)So far the well-known journalist _______________(accumulate)more than 4，000 interviews with famous people. 9.(2015·陕西，短文改错)My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do something special for him at his_________ (retire) party. 10.(2017·辽宁，短文改错)Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors，we’re hoping to settle something that ________ (bother)us. has accumulated retirement bothers 三、开心词场 The argument about cloning is a bothering issue.The ideas quite differ.Some feel it cast down because they think it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden.Actually many countries undertake it and obtain great breakthroughs.So we are unable to resist it merely. 【联想·积累】 ❶“完全地”完全掌握 ①altogether
总共；完全地 ②entirely彻底地，完全地 ③completely完全地；圆满地，全面地 ④totally完全地；总共 ⑤whole n.整体 adj.全部的；整个的 ❷“获得”全获得 ①receive接到，收到，得到(信、命令、请帖等)；接受(欢迎，请愿，建议，惩罚，损伤等) ②get 获得；赚得；赢得 ③obtain得到，获得，买到；达到(目的) ④acquire 获得；招致；学得(知识等)，养成(习惯等) ⑤gain获得；挣得；赢得，打胜(战争，官司) ⑥be available 可以得到的，可以买到的
❸后缀-ment构成的抽象名词② ①development 发展
②disappointment 失望 ③excitement 兴奋
④improvement 改进，改良 ⑤movement 运动
⑥settlement 定居点 ⑦treatment对待，待遇 ⑧judgment 判断 ❹高频词链条 ①differ vi.不同；相异→different adj.不同的；与众不同的→difference n.差异；不同 ②object vi.反对；不赞成n.物体；目标→objection n.不赞成；反对；异议
Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 一、补全短语 1.divide________把……分成
2.object________反对 3.be ready________准备好；乐于 4.be appropriate________ 对……适合
5.________ good/poor condition
状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏 into to for to (for) in 二、短语填空 1.The doctor did all he could to___________________. 2.His parents tried to persuade him not to give up his well-paid job，but their efforts were__________. 3.We ________________ with difficulties in carrying out this research. 4.—Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.
—Oh，really？I’m glad that her efforts at last________________.
pay off；cast down；bring back to life；strike into one’s heart；be bound to；in vain；in favour of；from time to time
bring him back to life in vain are bound to meet paid off 5.I have told her about our plan，and she is ________________ it. 6.He
was________________ because he was scolded. 7.Traffic accidents happen ________________ on this road. 8.Mount Tai ________ its beauty ________________ and she decided to visit it again the next year. in favour of cast down from time to time struck into her heart 【联想·积累】 “动词＋副词”回顾再记 ①break down
坏掉；分解；垮下来 ②break up 打碎；分解；分手 ③bring down使降低，使下降 ④come out出现，出版，结果是 ⑤cut down砍倒；削减
⑥get over克服 ⑦make out 辨认出
⑧put away收起；储存 ⑨set aside拔出；置于一旁
⑩set off 出发，引爆 ⑪take off起飞，腾飞；脱掉 ⑫take over 接管 ⑬turn out 结果是，证明是
⑭turn down拒绝，把音量开小 ⑮work out解出，进展顺利，锻炼身体 ⑯figure out 弄清，搞明白
⑰take in吸收；理解；欺骗
Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用 1.①Cloning plants is straightforward ________ cloning animals is very complicated.
克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就很复杂了。
②Women usually stay at home and do all the housework ______________________(而男人们则外出工作). 2.①___________the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。
②__________________________ (接着传来了) he was admitted to Beijing University.
while while men go out to work Then came Then came the good news that 【联想·积累】 高频while全掌握 (1)They arrived while we were having dinner.(当……时) (2)Would you look after the children while I go shopping？(在……的过程中) (3)While it was a good school，I was not happy there.(虽然) Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用 同位语从句 完成下列同位语从句，体会其句式用法 1.The idea _____________________________________ surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。 2.I have no idea ______________________________.
我不知道怎么能到达火车站。 3.Our teacher gave us the suggestion_______________________
___________________.
我们的老师就我们应该去哪里度暑假提出了建议。
that computers can recognize human voices how I can get to the railway station where we should have our summer holidays
【学法·点拨】 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 ❶同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词that只起引导作用，在句中不作任何成分，一般不可省略。 ❷定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。 [单 词 点 睛] 1.object vi.反对；不赞成 n.物体；目标
[高考例句](2015·北京，阅读C)But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light，at least not very much.
但是一个透明的物体不吸收或散射光，至少很少部分。
(1)object to sb/sth反对；不赞成某人/某事 object to doing sth反对做某事 (2)objection n.反对；厌恶 raise an objection to sth对……提出异议 have/make an/no objection to (doing)sth对……表示反对/不反对 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We ________________ for something that we haven’t done.
我们反对把与我们无关的事作为理由来谴责我们。
②My main ________ (object) to the plan is that it costs too much.
我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。 答案 ①object to being blamed ②objection
2.forbid vt.(forbade/forbad，forbidden)禁止；不准
[高考例句](2015·新课标全国Ⅰ，阅读D)You are forbidden to say’one feels，’ or ’people think’.
你被禁止说“人们认为”或者“大家认为”。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Everyone ____________(forbid)to own a gun privately.
不许任何人私自拥有枪支。 ②We should take measures____________ illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.
我们应采取措施禁止地沟油回流餐桌。 ③He ________________ my friends online at the Internet cafe!
他禁止我去网吧会见我的网友！ 答案 ①is forbidden ②to forbid returning ③forbade me from meeting/to meet
3.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢
[高考例句](2015·北京，完形)I think maybe we owe you an apology.
我想也许我们应该向你道歉。 (1)owe sb an apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情 owe sb sth＝ owe sth to sb欠某人某物 (2)owe...to... 把……归功于…… (3)owing to
因为；由于 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Mary will take care of the baby—________________.
玛丽会照看孩子的——她欠我一个人情。 ②These early settlers ________ and determination to succeed.
这些早期移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦劳动和追求成功的决心。 ③________，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.
由于他不在，我们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。 答案 ①she owes me a favour ②owed their survival to hard work ③Owing to his absence
[短 语 点 拨] 1.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清
[高考例句](2017·天津，完形)Sacrifices pay off in the end.The separation between us has proved to be a blessing for me.
所有的牺牲在最后都得到了回报。我们一家的分离对我来说证明是件幸事。 pay for sth付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价 pay sb for sth因某事付给某人报酬 pay back偿还(欠款)；报复 写出黑体部分的含义 ①Did your plan pay off? ②Her debts were not fully paid off until last year. ③When the building was completed，he paid off the workers. ④His hard work in college paid off at last.He has become a famous scientist. 答案 ①取得成功 ②还清 ③(付清工资后)解雇 ④得到回报
2.in vain白费力气；枉费心机
[高考例句] (2015·湖南，完形)As an inexperienced teacher，I tried every means to get them to be quiet，but in vain.
作为一个没有经验的老师，我想尽一切办法让他们安静下来，但没用。 与介词in搭配的常用短语 in vain 徒劳 in general
通常，大体上 in detail 详细地 in turn 轮流 in return作为回报 in need
需要 in time 迟早 in order有秩序地；妥当，适宜 in public公开地 in place在适当的位置 完成句子 ①They________________ to protect the town from being flooded.
他们企图保护这个镇不受洪水袭击，结果没有成功。 ②We walked a couple of blocks，looking ________for a taxi.
我们走了两三个街区寻找出租车，但没找到。
答案 ①made a vain attempt ②in vain
[句 式 透 析]
※[高考例句](2015·浙江，阅读B)Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration .
这里有一个图表，图表显示在春季迁徙的头五天里一只鸟飞多远。
(1)then，here，there，now，away，out等副词置于句首，谓语是be，come，go，lie，run等动词，且主语为名词时，句子完全倒装。 Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。 (2)当主语是人称代词时，尽管副词置于句首，主谓不倒装。 Out they rushed.他们冲了出来。 Here you are.给你。
用倒装结构翻译句子 ①现在轮到你了。
_____________________________________________________ ②进来一个小姑娘，留着两个长辫子，穿着白色裙子。
_____________________________________________________ 答案 ①Now comes your turn. ②In came a girl，wearing a white skirt with two long pigtails.