并列连词
并列连词
表联合的连词：and, when(=and just at this time就在这时)等。 表转折或对比的连词：but(但是，可是), while(而，却), yet(可是)等。 表选择的连词：or(或者, 还是；否则), otherwise(要不然)等。 表因果的连词：for(因为), so(因此)等。 其它平行结构：not…but…, either…or…, neither…nor, not only…but also…, would rather…than…(宁愿……不愿……), rather than(而不), as well as(既……也……)等。 ⑴ so不能与because连用。 ⑵ but， while不与although连用，但yet， still可与although连用。 两点注意：
熟读深思
Not only had Niu Lang lost his parents, but (also) he was often bullied by his elder brother.［1］ What he only had was an old and weak cattle, but［2］ he took good care of it. Other men at his age had children already, while［3］ Niu Lang didn’t get married yet. One day, the cattle said unexpectedly, “I’d like to help you, for［4］ you have attended me so carefully. Follow me, and［5］ you will get a wife!”
So Niu Lang went to the bank while several beautiful fairies were bathing in the river. Then he did as the animal told him, hiding the youngest fairy’s clothes away and［6］ telling her, “I am afraid that you will either lose your clothes or［7］marry me.” As a result, the youngest fairy Zhinv became his wife. Both Niu Lang and［8］ Zhinv lived happily.
However, the Goddess of Heaven was angry with her granddaughter marrying a human, so［9］ she said to Zhinv, “Go back to heaven, otherwise［10］ I will punish you!” Hearing this, Zhinv was not delighted but［11］ worried. Niu Lang was about to run after them anxiously when［12］ the Goddess of Heaven was making the Milky Way with her hair adornment (发簪) to stop him. Neither Zhinv nor［13］ Niu Lang was happy, as they missed each other so much. Seeing this, the Goddess of Heaven let them cross the Milky Way to meet once a year with the help of magpies. 汉语译文：牛郎的父母死了，而他的哥哥老是欺负他。他唯一的财产就是那头又老又弱的牛，不过牛郎很爱惜这头牛。有些人和牛郎年纪一样，可是早就当爹了，而牛郎还是孤零零的。有一天，老牛开口说话了：“你照顾了我，我想要帮助你。跟我来，你就会找到你的意中人的！”于是牛郎就去岸边了，而这时河里正好有几个美丽的仙女在洗澡。牛郎照老牛的吩咐，把最小的仙女的衣服藏了起来，并对她说：“要不你就嫁给我，要不你的衣服就别找啦！”
织女成了牛郎的妻子，并和他快快乐乐地过起了日子。但是，王母娘娘知道孙女和凡人结婚了，就很生气。她对织女说：“马上跟我回天庭，不然我就重罚你！”织女没有办法，只好回天庭了。牛郎正在她们后头焦急地追赶时，王母娘娘用发簪划了一道银河，把牛郎给拦住了。织女和牛郎都很想念对方，日子都过得很悲伤。于是，王母娘娘让喜鹊在银河搭桥，准许他们一年见一次。 1. not only…but also表示“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个性质相同的词、短语或句子。为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装。 2. but表示转折关系的并列连词,此处连接两个句子。 3. while表示对比，意为“而”。 4. for用作并列连词，表示“因为”。 5. and在“祈使句，and＋主谓结构”中，祈使句表示一个条件，and后的句子表示结果。意为“那么”（暗示一种条件）。 熟读深思 6. and用于连接两个并列的现在分词短语。 7. either…or…连接两个相同成分的词、短语或句子，选择关系，表示“不是……就是……”“或者……或者……”。在本句中连接两个并列的谓语动词。
8. both…and…在句中连接两个并列的主语，表“两者都”。 9. so表示因果，连接两个并列分句，so意为“因此”，其后的分句表示结果。 10. or/otherwise 在“祈使句，or/otherwise＋主谓”结构中，祈使句表条件，or/otherwise后的句子表相反的结果。 11. not…but…意思为“不是……而是……”。 12. when表示一件事情正在发生或就要发生，突然发生了另一件事，只能用when。固定搭配was/were about to do或was /were doing…when…（刚要做/正在做某事突然就……）。 13. neither…nor…连接两个并列成分，表“既不……也不……”。
并列句与高考
1.在语法填空中很可能要求考生填入一个适当的并列连词。
若并列的两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词，填表示联合、选择、转折等意义的连词。例如： He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ________he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”
higher. 解析：空格前后都是句子且这两句之间没有关联词，应填关联词；又因后句的he felt very happy与前句的He was very tired是转折关系，故填but。
2.短文改错中，主要有so与because连用、although与but连用, and与but或or或so之间的混淆。 Bring the flowers into a warm room
____ they’ll soon open. 固定结构：“祈使句+and+句子”前面的祈使句暗 示一种条件，and后面的表结果。 and 一、单句填空
灵活运用
2. I have tried to advise her ________ she won’t listen. 因won’t listen与前面的advise her是转折关系, 而这两句之间是逗号且没有连词, 故填连词but或yet。 but/yet 3. I then realized she had no arms ____ legs， just a head， neck and torso. 在否定句中表示并列，用or。
4. He took the old man not just across the river，____ to his home. 搭配: not just…but (also)…不但…而且;句意为: 他不但送老人过河, 而且送老人到家。 or but 5. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____his eyesight was beginning to fail.
补充说明原因用for。 6. Start out right away, ___ you’ll miss the first train. 这是“祈使句+or+陈述句”句型。 or for 8. We are going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us ___ you can meet us there later. 表示选择。 or
when 7. We were swimming in the lake ____
suddenly the storm started.
表示正在做某事时, 突然又发生另一件事。 9. Some of us don’t have much pocket money, ___they feel unhappy. 前因后果，引出结果，用so。
10. 79.3％ of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life ____67.7％ claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.
表示对比或对照，相当于“而，却”。 so
while 二、单句改错
1. Unfortunately, I won’t be able to meet you at the airport although I have an important meeting to attend.
although→ because
因“我有一个重要的会议要出席”是“我不能去机场接你”的原因，引导原因状语从句，用because。
2. The climate here is pleasant. It is neither too hot or too cold.
or → nor
因neither…nor.. (既不……也不……)是固定搭配。 3. Although he was the wealthiest man in the town, but he didn’t feel happy at all.
去掉 but
因已有连词Although (虽然) 了，后面就不再用but了。
4. He could have won the match. Otherwise, he broke his leg.
Otherwise → However
句意是：他本来可以赢这场比赛的，然而，他摔断了腿。 5. You have to review all your lessons, and you won’t pass the exam.
and→ or
因“祈使句+or(否则)+陈述句(用一般将来时)”是固定句式。
6. The chance to win the match is slim, so they won’t easily give up.
so → but/yet
前后意义是转折关系。 7. Last year, Sandra immigrated to Spain and she didn’t seem to adapt to the life there, she move back to China.
(1) and → but
根据句子意思，前后是转折关系，用but。 (2) 在she moved之前加上so
这两个句子之间缺少连词，而且“返回”是“不适应”的结果，引出结果的分句用so(因此)。 8. I will be free all the weekend, therefore, either Saturday and Sunday is OK.
(1) therefore → so
因therefore只能做副词，不能作为连词连接两个句子；或在therefore前加and。
(2) and → or
因either…or 是固定搭配。 9. As the lecture is uninteresting and dull, so more and more listeners began to leave.
去掉so
因前面已有连词As (因为)了，就不再用连词了。
10. All of us are in favor of the idea of doing sports every day, but it is beneficial to our health greatly.
but → because
后句表示原因，引导原因状语从句用because。