增加修饰成分
在基本句型中我们还可以增加各类修饰语来对简单句加以扩展。修饰语包括定语、状语和同位语，可以分别由名词和名词短语、形容词和形容词短语、副词和副词短语来担任，也可以由介词短语和非谓语动词短语来担任。例如下列例句中的画线部分均为添加的修饰语： He sells socks.(主谓宾基本句型)
He sells women’s socks. He sells old women’s socks.
基本句型的扩展 Ⅲ He sells old women’s socks made in China. He sells the best old women’s socks made in China every evening in the market. 要特别注意修饰语的位置，决不要套用汉语的语序。短语作为修饰语，通常放在被修饰的词之后。例如： I am a student. 我是一名学生。 I am a student of Senior Three. 我是一名高三学生。
I’ll give you some advice. 我会给你一些建议。 I’ll give you some advice on how to learn English well. 我会给你一些学好英语的建议。
下列句子只给出主干句型，请依据所给的中文和括弧里的提示扩展句子。(一空一词)
1.患难见真情。 (用介词短语和副词)
A friend _______ ________ is a friend________. 2.在开学典礼上，校长作了一个简短但却鼓舞人心的讲话。(用介词短语和形容词)
____ _____ ________ __________ ___________, the headmaster made a ______ _____ _________ speech. in need indeed At
the
school
opening ceremony short but inspiring 即学即用 3. 为了养活全家，父亲每天工作十小时以上。(用不定式短语)
______ __________ ______ ___________, Dad worked over ten hours every day. 4. 他很害羞，在学校交朋友有些困难。(用-ing短语)
He is shy and has trouble _________ ________ at school.
To support
the family making
friends 5. 多年前，有位老木匠住在这个小屋里。(用时间状语和-ing短语)
______ ______ _____, there was an old carpenter _______ in this cottage.
Many
years ago
living 6. 中山大学音乐系的学生星期五下午要给我们演出。(用介词短语)
The students of music _____ ____________ ___________will give us a performance _____
__________ ______________. 7. 委员会的主席史密斯先生出席了昨天的资讯发布会。(用名词短语作同位语)
Mr. Smith, ___________ _______ ______ ____________, was present at the press conference yesterday.
from Zhongshan/Sun Yat- University on Friday afternoon Chairman of
the
Committee 8. 重建破碎的友谊可能很难，但不管怎样你应该试一下。(用-ed分词和副词)
Rebuilding a ________friendship can be difficult, but ________________you should try. 9. 由于被同学们取笑，他在学校一点也不开心。(用-ed分词短语)
____________ _____ _____ ______ ___________, he is not happy at all at school.
broken anyway/anyhow
Laughed at by his classmates 10. 我下周要去纽约参加一个国际会议。(用不定式短语)
Next week, I am leaving for New York ________ ________ _____ ____________ ____________.
11. Finally they successfully reached the top of Mount Kinabalu，_________________________
___________________
(东南亚最高峰之一).(同位语) to attend
an international
conference
one of the highest mountains in the Southeast Asia 12. Drinking a cup of coffee in the morning，
_______________________________(他多年来保持的一个习惯)，makes him full of energy every day.(同位语)
13. I am fond of reading the articles _______
____________________________(勇于表达与众不同的观点的).(非谓语动词)
a habit that he has kept for years expressing different opinions bravely 14. Many people like the furniture
__________________(由 Peter 设计的)—not only fashionable，but also cheap.(非谓语动词)
15. These young people are planning to set up a completely new website____________________
_______________________________________(介绍世界各地的奇怪但是有趣的事情).(非谓语动词)
designed by Peter
introducing strange but interesting things from all over the world 16. In his spare time he likes lying in the big sofa in the living room, _________________________
___________(要么看书，要么看电视，要么睡觉).(非谓语动词)
17. Hemingway always took time out for outdoor fishing trips，_____________________
__________(还把这些旅行写在他的作品里).(定语从句)
reading books, watching TV
or sleeping
which he wrote about in his works 18. Jenny, _________________________
______________________ (最近迷上了观鸟)，told us her new hobby had taught her a lot of things including patience and respect for the nature. (定语从句) who fell into love with birdwatching
recently