二
名词
二 名词
.二 │ .导读 分析2015、2016两年的高考试题对名词的考查,我们可以看出,名词的考查并不是我们原来所提出的同义词的考查,如cloth, clothes, clothing的区别等,而是汉语意义区别比较大的一组词的考查。实际上,近两年高考对名词的考查归根结底是对考生词汇量的考查。另外,名词的搭配也是考查的重点,如sense of direction, build up one’s strength等。
.导读 .二 │ 题例精讲
【解析】 D 句意:“Tommy,快跑!快点!房子着火了!”母亲大声喊着,声音中明显透着恐慌。考查名词词义辨析。rudeness粗鲁;regret后悔;panic恐慌。根据句意可知应选D项。 ()1. “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with clearly ________ in her voice.
A.anger
B.rudeness
C.regret
D.panic 题例精讲 .二 │ 题例精讲 ()2. Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big ________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A.project
B.commitment
C.competition
D.ambition
【解析】 B 句意:放弃我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一项较大的承诺,但现在我知道这是我做过的最好的决定。考查名词词义辨析。project项目;commitment承诺;competition比赛;ambition志向。根据句意可知应选B项。 .二 │ 题例精讲 ()3.What’s the ________, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?
A.sympathy
B.theme
C.object
D.point 【解析】 D 句意: 如果他都不努力帮助自己,你说,帮他还有什么用处?考查名词词义辨析。sympathy同情;theme 主题;object 物体;point意义。 .二 │ 题例精讲 ()4.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.
A.consequence
B.independence
C.competence
D.intelligence
【解析】 C 句意:教师要不断地更新自己的知识,目的是能胜任自己的职位。考查名词词义辨析。consequence结果,后果;independence独立,自主,自立;competence能力,胜任,称职;intelligence智能,智慧,理解力。根据句意答案为C。 .二 │ 题例精讲 ()5.Anyway, I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ________.
A.emotions
B.principles
C.regulations
D.opinions 【解析】 B 句意:无论如何我不能骗他——这违背了我的原则。考查名词的辨析。emotion感情,情感,情绪;principle原理,原则,行为准则,为人之道;regulation规则,条例,法规;opinion看法,主意,主张。所以B项符合逻辑,表示“原则”之意。 .二 │ 题例精讲 ()6.The lack of eco friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major ________ of global climate change.
A.result
B.cause
C.warning
D.reflection
【解析】
B 句意:公众缺乏环保习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。考查名词的辨析。A 项意为“结果”,B项意为“原因”,C项意为“警告”,D项意为“反射”。故选B。 .二 │ 题例精讲
【解析】 C 句意:永远要记住把小刀这类危险的东西放在小孩够不着的地方。考查名词词义辨析。touch触,摸;sight视力,视野;reach伸手可及的距离;distance距离,远方。故选C。 ()7.Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s ________.
A.touch
B.sight C.reach
D.distance .二 │ 题例精讲 ()8.I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ________.
A.hearing
B.strength
C.recognition
D.measure
【解析】
C hearing意为“听力”;strength意为“体力,力量”; recognition意为“认出,识别,认识”; measure意为“测量,措施”。句意:……她变得认不出来了。 .二 │ 题例精讲 ()9.Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n)
________ of 40,000 per year.
A.average
B.number
C.amount
D.quantity
【解析】
A a number of 许多;an amount of 一般加不可数名词表数量,数额;a quantity of 既可以加可数名词也可以加不可数名词, 数量,数额;an average of平均…… .二 │ 模拟试题 ()1.One’s awareness, both conscious and unconscious, of what happened in the past has a strong________ on one’s behavior.
A.pressure
B.role
C.influence
D.power
【解析】 C 从习惯搭配的角度解题:只有C才能和介词on搭配使用,influence指潜移默化的影响,have an influence on/ have an effect on对……有影响/在……中起作用。pressure压力;role角色; power可指“动力,思维能力,权力等各种力量或能力”,根据题意应选C。 模拟试题 .二 │ 模拟试题 ()2.His job is to sell the________ carvings in the________ department of the company.
A.wooden; sales
B.wood; sales
C.wood; sale
D.wooden; sale
【解析】
B wooden作定语,意为“用木头制成的”,wood作定语,意为“就木头本身制成的”。从该题题干可看出,在木头上雕刻各种花样,应为wood carving。sales department意为“销售部”。 .二 │ 模拟试题 ()3.This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division
B.area
C.range
D.circle
【解析】 C 此题不仅考查学生对于四个选项的认知,更重要的是要理解句子的含义。“这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型人群的口味和消费能力。”“a range of”强调一个系列,而“a wide range of”意为“各种各样的”。正好符合题意。 .二 │ 模拟试题
()4.—John is very bright and studies hard as well. —No ________ he always gets the first place in any examination.
A.word
B.question
C.problem
D.wonder
【解析】 D no wonder意为“难怪,怪不得,不足为奇”。又如:No wonder you didn’t go.怪不得你没走。 .二 │ 模拟试题 ()5.James took the magazines off the little table to make ________ for the television.
A. room
B.area
C.field
D.position
【解析】 A make room for是固定搭配,意思是“为……腾地”,其中的room是不可数名词。句意:詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下来,为电视机腾出空间来。 .二 │ 模拟试题 ()6.My English teacher is really very kind. I’ll never forget the ________ he has done me.
A.favor
B.deed
C.help
D.value
【解析】
A 句意:我的英语老师实在是太好了。我永远不会忘记他对我的帮助。do sb. a favor帮助某人。 .二 │ 模拟试题 ()7.It is clear that in modern society high ________and demands are placed on teachers.
A.motivations
B.expectations
C.standards
D.opportunities
【解析】 B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:显然,在现代社会人们对教师有很高的期望和要求。motivation 动机;expectation 期望,要求;standard标准;opportunity 机会。结合句意,此处选用expectations为佳。 .二 │ 模拟试题
()8.There was a football match last week between the________ and the ________.
A.woman teachers; girl students
B.women teachers; girls students
C.women teacher; girls student
D.women teachers; girl students
【解析】 D 表示性别的man/woman和boy/girl作定语修饰单数名词,变复数时,man/ woman与所修饰的名词都要变为复数,而boy/ girl则不变,只变所修饰的名词。如:boy friend→boy friends;man doctor→ men doctors。 .二 │ 模拟试题 ()9.Want to type faster? Just come to our school to have more________.
A.chance
B.experience
C.success
D.practice
【解析】
D 考查名词词义辨析。chance机会;experience经验,经历;success成功;practice实践、训练。根据句意可知:要想快速打字,就到我们学校来进行更多的训练。故选D。