2017届高考英语一轮单元复习阅读理解训练：Unit 7《The Sea》（北师大版含解析）

　　Unit 7 The Sea

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·苏锡常镇四市二调，C)

　　Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries. These

　　satellitebased systems provide turnbyturn directions to help people get to where they want to

　　go. But they can also cause a lot of problems, sending you to the wrong place or leave you

　　completely lost. Many times, the driver is to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most

　　often, says Barry Brown, it is a combination of the two.

　　Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm, Sweden. The center studies

　　humancomputer interaction, or HCI, especially communications involving wireless devices. We

　　spoke to Mr Brown by Skype. He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to

　　an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPSequipped car to use during his

　　stay.

　　Barry Brown：“And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.”

　　And, then it wasn't until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they had put in a

　　destination back on the West Coast where they lived. They actually put their home address in. So

　　again, the_GPS_is_kind_of_“garbage_in_garbage_out”．

　　Mr Brown says this is a common human error. But, he says, what makes the problem worse

　　has to do with some of the shortcomings, or failures, of GPS equipment.

　　Barry Brown：“One problem with many GPS units is they have a very small screen and they

　　just tell you the next turn. Because they just give you the next turn, sometimes that means that it

　　is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it's going to the wrong

　　place.”

　　Barry Brown formerly served as a professor with the University of California, San Diego.

　　While there, he worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinburgh. The

　　two men studied the effects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in people's cars. They

　　wrote a paper based on their research. It is called “The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving

　　with GPS.”

　　Barry Brown: “One of the things that struck us, perhaps the most important thing was that you have to know what you're doing when you use a GPS. There are these new skills that people have developed. There are these new competencies that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.”

　　Barry Brown says this goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational (导航) skills.

　　“The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS” lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers. These include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given.

　　Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers, passengers and GPS systems work together.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。GPS全球定位系统可以帮助人们找到想去的地方，但GPS也会带来许多问题，所以使用GPS全球定位系统是否可靠变得不确定。

　　1．What is the best title for this passage?

　　A．Is GPS system reliable to use?

　　B．What is the use of GPS?

　　C．How to make the most of GPS?

　　D．Blame! GPS or Passengers?

　　答案：A　标题概括题。文章第一段是全文的主旨段。根据第一段可知，GPS全球定位系统可以帮助人们找到想去的地方，但GPS也会导致许多问题，所以使用GPS全球定位系统是否可靠变得不确定。所以A项最适合做文章的标题，故答案选A。

　　2．What is the implication of the underlined part?

　　A．GPS is just a garbage device.

　　B．GPS will not correct human errors.

　　C．GPS adjusts your wrong destination.

　　D．GPS is just as smart as human beings.

　　答案：B　句意理解题。根据画线句子后面一句“Mr Brown says this is a common human error.”并结合上下文可知，画线句子所包含的意思是：GPS不能纠正人类的错误。故答案选B。

　　3．Which is NOT mentioned as a GPS shortcoming in the passage?

　　A．Small screen.

　　B．Timing of commands.

　　C．Outdated maps.

　　D．Dear cameras GPS uses.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句可知，A项是GPS的缺点；根据文章倒数第二段可知，B、C两项均是GPS的缺点。所以只有D项不是GPS的缺点。故答案选D。

　　4．According to the passage, people commonly believe that ________.

　　A．you have to know where to go when using GPS

　　B．you need to have new competencies to use GPS well

　　C．GPS is proper for drivers with little sense of direction

　　D．GPS is fit for people having good understanding of maps

　　答案：C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，人们普遍认为，GPS全球定位系统适合方向感差的人。C项符合文义，故答案选C。

　　B

　　(2016·河北省模拟)Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn't given immediately.

　　Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit. This causes the body's necessary functions to stop working.

　　It's usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper

　　action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person's body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.

　　Call for help

　　Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you're in a public place. If there's no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn't much nearby.

　　Get the person to a cooler area

　　If there's a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If a building isn't available, bring the person to a well­shaded area.

　　Get the water flowing

　　If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there's a bathtub available, fill it with cool water and put the person in it.

　　If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person's body. Focus on the face, neck, and chest.

　　Fan the person

　　Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.

　　1.When does a person get sunstroke?

　　A.When the body doesn't function.

　　B.When proper care is given immediately.

　　C.When someone is exposed to the sun too long.

　　D.When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.

　　2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?

　　A.Call for assistance from others.

　　B.Leave the sunstroke person in the shade.

　　C.Put a wet towel on the person's face.

　　D.Help the person take some medicine.

　　3.What is mainly discussed in the passage?

　　A.The first aid for sunstroke.

　　B.The causes of sunstroke.

　　C.The chief symptoms of sunstroke.

　　D.The essential prevention of sunstroke.

　　4.The text probably comes from

　　a (n) ________.

　　A.guidebook　 B.book review

　　C.medical magazine

　　D.official document

　　1．解析：选D　细节理解题根据第二段的第一句“Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit.”可知当人体的体温超过所能承受的安全极限时就会中暑即D项正确解析：选D　细节理解题根据Call for help下的“call for help from anyone”可知A项正确；根据Get the person to a cooler area中的第三句可知B项正确；根据Get the water flowing中的第二段的第二三句可知C项正确；D项在文章中没有提到解析：选A　主旨大意题文章首先介绍了何为中暑以及中暑的危害结合第三段的最后一句“Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.”可知下文讲述的是中暑时需要采取的急救措施即A项正确解析：选C　文章出处题文章主要介绍了中暑以及中暑后如何急救的相关知识故有可能选自一本医学杂志即C项正确C

　　【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops(笔记本电脑)．

　　Students are increasingly using laptops for note­taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)．But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.

　　Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes“mindlessly”by taking down word for word what the professors said.

　　In the first experiment，students were given either a laptop or pen and paper.They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note­taking skills.Thirty minutes after the talk，they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.

　　The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.However，the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts.Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.

　　The researchers' report said，“While more notes are beneficial，if the notes are taken mindlessly，as is more likely the case on a laptop，the benefit disappears.”

　　In another experiment aimed at testing long­term memory，students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.This time，the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.

　　These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding，but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.

　　1．More and more students favor laptops for note­taking because they can________.

　　A．write more notesB．digest concepts better

　　C．get higher scoresD．understand lectures better

　　．While taking notes，laptop users tend to be________.

　　A．skillful

　　B．mindlessC．thoughtful

　　D．tireless

　　．The author of the passage aims to________.

　　A．examine the importance of long­term memory

　　B．stress the benefit of taking notes by hand

　　C．explain the process of taking notes

　　D．promote the use of laptops

　　．The passage is likely to appear in________.

　　A．a newspaper advertisement

　　B．a computer textbook

　　C．a science magazine

　　D．a finance report

　　答案：

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文揭示实验研究的结果，用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差，而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。

　　．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Students are increasingly using laptops for note­taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)”可知，学生越来越多地使用笔记本电脑记笔记是因为它的速度和清晰度，这说明用笔记本电脑记笔记速度快、记得多。故选A。

　　．B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught”可知，研究已经发现笔记本电脑的使用者没能记住和应用教给他们的概念。由此可推知，笔记本电脑的使用者在记笔记时是不动脑子的。故选B。

　　．B　解析：推理判断题。本文通过实验发现了用笔记本电脑记笔记的不良效果和用手记笔记的优势，两者相比突出了用手记笔记的好处。故选B。

　　．C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文揭示实验研究的结果，用笔记本电脑记笔记的人记忆和应用概念的能力较差，而用手记笔记的人在考试中的表现更好。由此可推知，本文应该出现在科学杂志里。故选C。

　　.任务型阅读(2016·山东省日照市校际联合检测)Everyone can benefit a lot from reading books. The following is about the various benefits of reading books.1.________ Whenever you read something, you learn information that you otherwise wouldn't have known. It can be a fact about history or a theory you didn't know existed. If you want to learn new words, reading books is a great way to enlarge your vocabulary.

　　2.________ Similar to solving puzzles, reading books allows your mind to practice its processing skills. Going without books for too long will turn your mind into a whirl (混乱).One of the primary benefits of reading books is its ability to develop your critical thinking skills. 3.________ Wherever you are faced with a similar problem in real life, your mind is able to put its mystery­solving skills to a test.

　　One of the great benefits of reading books is that the information in it can be accessed over and over again. For example, reading a cookbook allows you the luxury of reviewing the procedures whenever you need to. 4.________ Don't even think about writing the information down because you may lose the paper you wrote down on sooner or later.

　　These are just some of the wonderful benefits of reading books. 5.________ If you can't even go outside, you can download free e­books online and read them on your computer. That way, you can see how advantageous reading can be for yourself.

　　A.Reading books can put you in a confident mood.

　　B.You can improve your memory by reading.

　　C.Reading books provides you with new knowledge.

　　D.Following a recipe from a cooking show will be difficult.

　　E.Reading mystery novels, for example, sharpens your mind.

　　F.Reading keeps your mind in good condition.

　　G.Why don't you drop into the bookstore or library and pick a book up?

　　Ⅲ.语法填空(2016·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试)Philip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good 1.________ (impress)

　　on the boss. He often stayed late at the office, to show 2.________

　　committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just 3.________ to go home when he saw his boss 4.________ (stand) in front of the shredder (碎纸机), holding a document.“Ah, Philip! I'm glad you're still here in the office！”said the boss“Good 5.________ (see) all your hard work and professionalism. Now I wonder if you could help me.”

　　“Of course，” replied Philip.“It's no trouble.”

　　“Good man! You see, my secretary has already gone home 6.________

　　I haven't got a clue how this thing works. It's so important that I have to get this done before tomorrow. If you 7.________ (can) do this one more thing before you go home, I'd 8.________ (real) appreciate it.”

　　“No problem，” said Philip, 9.________

　　(happiness) to be asked to do such a simple job.

　　He took the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.

　　“That's excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder (碎纸机). “I just need two 10.________ (copy).”.书面表达上周开始老师和家长都要李明住校学习而他却喜欢住在家里双方各持己见假设你是李明请用英语把这个情况告诉给中学生英语报某栏目组请求主编给予建议老师和家长的理由 李明的理由

　　1.方便问问题；2.晚自习时间更有保证；3.培养独立生活的能力

　　……

　　1.晚上有更多自习时间；2.学习内容可以自由支配 注意：1.词数100左右；2.信的开头已给出不计入总词数参考词汇：住校board(v.)；方便做…… It's convenient to do ...；分歧disagreementDear Editor，

　　I'm a student of Senior 1. I am writing to ask you for some advice.

　　　Yours,

　　Li Ming

　　高考题型提能练(七).1～5　CFEDG.

　　1．impression　 make a good impression on sb.是固定短语意为“给某人留下好印象”2．how　句意：他经常在办公室里待到很晚以此来显示他是多么地敬业和勤奋“committed”和“hardworking”是形容词所以用副词how修饰表示程度3．about　固定句型 be about to do sth. when ...意为“正要做某事时突然……”故填 about4．standing　动词see后通常接动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语此处表示正在发生的动作所以用现在分词作宾语补足语5．to see　分析句子结构可知形容词“Good”前省略了it is所以用动词不定式作真正的主语6．and　分析句子结构可知此处用连词and连接两个并列的句子7．could　根据主句中的谓语动词可知此处是指与现在事实相反的虚拟所以if引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时故填could8．really　应用副词修饰动词“appreciate”real的副词形式为 really9．happy　根据语境可知Philip很高兴被要求做这样简单的工作分析句子结构可知空格处用形容词happy作状语表伴随10．copies　根据数词“two”可知此处名词应使用复数形式copy的复数形式为copies.参考范文：Dear Editor，

　　I'm a student of Senior 1. I am writing to ask you for some advice.

　　Since last week my parents and teachers have kept asking me to board in the school. They say it will be very convenient for me to ask questions whenever and wherever. Besides they think boarding will make it possible to make full use of my night time and that I can also develop the ability to look after myself.

　　However, I have my own thoughts. If staying at home in the evening,

　　I will have more time to work at my lessons. At the same time, I can learn what I think I'm not good at. I really don't know how to deal with the disagreement between us. Can you give me your advice?

　　Yours,

　　Li Ming