2017届高考英语一轮单元复习阅读理解训练：Unit 9《Wheels》（北师大版含解析）

　　Unit 9 Wheels

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·东北三省三校第二次联考，D)

　　Deception (骗术) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in

　　military (军事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do

　　it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.

　　At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a professor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.

　　Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a ?predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.

　　The team also looked at how other animals—in this case, a species of bird called Arabian babbler—drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers don't ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn't worth it.

　　They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it's best to back off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn't have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.

　　The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了骗术在军事策略中起着重要的作用，一些研究人员正在通过研究松鼠和鸟类的活动，希望机器人能模仿这些行为，以便能有效地应用于军事中。

　　1．Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels' trick?

　　A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.

　　B．It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.

　　C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.

　　D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“... they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠为了保护自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉，会朝别的方向奔跑，由此可推知，C项正确。

　　2．Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?

　　A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it.

　　B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face.

　　C．They make noises and flaps around the predator.

　　D．They force the predator aware that it isn't worthwhile to attack.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中Arabian babbler赶走predator的过程可知，B项不是Arabian babbler赶走掠夺者的方法。故B项正确。

　　3．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Animals' behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.

　　B．Robots' fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals' behaviors.

　　C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.

　　D．Researchers are interested in animals' militaryrelated behaviors.

　　答案：A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了松鼠和Arabian babbler在生存中如何利用骗术击退敌人保护自己的过程，研究人员希望机器人也能模仿这些行为，从而有效地运用于军事战略当中。故A项正确。

　　B

　　(2016·济南市调研考试)Raised by a single mother in Hartford, Fred Wright

　　struggled with behavioral problems and was forced to move from one school to another. He even reached a point where he felt like he had nothing to live for.

　　“I was walking around with a lot on my shoulders，” he said.“I couldn't handle it. I didn't care about life anymore.” But all that started to change when Wright met Patricia Kelly.

　　“I was seven when I met Mrs Kelly.I wasn't used to strictness. I wasn't used to hearing the word ‘no’，”said Wright, now 17.

　　Kelly, a former soldier and an equestrian (骑手), took Wright under her wing and helped him find hope in an unlikely place — on a horse.

　　“Wright was like a round peg that everybody kept trying to squeeze into a square hole，” Kelly said.“He was hurting. He needed a place where he could express himself. The riding field became that place for him.”

　　For the last 30 years, Kelly has helped children stay on the right track through her non­profit, Ebony Horsewomen. The program offers horseback riding lessons and teaches animal science to more than 300 young

　　people a year. By exposing those children to horsemanship, Kelly aims to give them an alternative to the streets and an opportunity to turn their lives around.

　　“We use horses as a hook to create pride, esteem and healing，” said Kelly, 66.“They learn that they have ability. They just have to unlock it.”

　　“When you teach a child to ride a horse, they learn they are the center of their environment，” said Kelly.“Once they make that connection, they can change what happens in school, at home and in the community.”

　　1.Why did Fred Wright have to move from one school to another?

　　A.Because his mother couldn't afford the fees.

　　B.Because his parents got divorced.

　　C.Because he behaved badly at school.

　　D.Because he didn't set a life goal.

　　2. How did Patricia Kelly help Fred Wright?

　　A.She provided him with a home.

　　B.She encouraged him to learn science.

　　C.She exposed him to the riding field.

　　D.She found him a better school.

　　3.What do we know about the program Ebony Horsewomen?

　　A.It is intended to make money.

　　B.It was founded by Patricia Kelly.

　　C.It aims to protect the environment.

　　D.It serves as a shelter for homeless kids.

　　4.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?

　　A.Horse riding is helpful to the growth of kids.

　　B.Patricia Kelly is a very successful woman.

　　C.Horses are closely related to the environment.

　　D.It is hard for a kid to learn to ride a horse.

　　1．解析：选C　细节理解题根据第一段第一句中的“Fred Wright struggled with behavioral problems and was forced to move from one school to another”可知Fred Wright 因在学校表现不好才被迫从一所学校转到另一所学校故选C解析：选C　细节理解题根据第四段以及第五段最后一句“The riding field became that place for him.”可知Kelly教 Wright 骑马让 Wright 在骑马的过程中重获对生活的希望故选C解析：选B　推理判断题根据第六段第一句“For the last 30 years, Kelly ...through her non­profit, Ebony Horsewomen.”可知在过去的30年里Kelly 已经通过她创办的非营利组织Ebony Horsewomen 帮助孩子们走上了正确的轨道。故选B。

　　．解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容可知，Kelly建立的 Ebony Horsewomen 组织把马作为创造骄傲自尊的方法和治疗的手段让孩子们意识到他们有能力只是需要被发掘出来由此可推知骑马对孩子们的成长有帮助故选AC

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　When you don’t have anything planned for the day or it’s rainy outside and your children are stuck in the house, why not sit around and tell them riddles（谜语）? Telling riddles will make your family laugh and sometimes even scratch their heads, trying to figure out what the answer is.

　　Riddles have been a pastime for centuries. Not only have riddles been something for passing the time, but they have also been used to pass on secret information during the Second World War. Even the ancient Greeks used riddles. They would tell riddles at parties and whoever was the first to get them right would receive prize.

　　Most riddles use words that have double meanings or share the same sound like “hear” and “here”. So in order to get the riddle, you will have to do some creative thinking and think of all the possibilities of different words. The difficulty of figuring out the riddle is based on the riddle itself. The riddle has to provide you with enough clues to come to the right answer, but that doesn’t mean that the clues have to be easy.

　　If you are looking to tell riddles but don’t know any, you can look online and you will find a large number of sites that will have hundreds of different riddles to choose from. If you would like to look somewhere else then you could look at your local bookstore, where you will be able to find many different books with thousands of riddles to choose from. You can even find websites and books that will tell you how to write your own riddles.

　　After you have found some resources that have different riddles, you will need to read through them to find the right ones for you and your family: You will also need to make sure that your kids will have a chance to figure out the answers. So take your time and choose the fight family riddles to tell.

　　1．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?

　　A. To recommend an interesting family activity.

　　B. To stress the importance of family activities.

　　C. To encourage children to read more books.

　　D. To introduce the history of riddles.

　　．From the text we know that riddles _______.

　　A. do not have enough clues

　　B. have a very long history

　　C. were used in World War One

　　D. were first used in ancient Rome

　　．In Paragraph 3, the author mainly ________.

　　A. discusses how riddles are created

　　B. explains why fiddles are interesting

　　C. tells people how to solve riddles

　　D. shows the benefits of telling riddles

　　．To collect riddles, the author suggests ________.

　　A. one way

　　B. two ways

　　C. three ways

　　D. four ways试题分析： 本文介绍了一种古老的消磨时间的方法riddles。并告诉我们猜谜的方法以及找到这些字谜的地方。

　　．A 推理题。根据文章第一段1,2行When you don’t have anything planned for the day or it’s rainy outside and your children are stuck in the house, why not sit around and tell them riddles?可知本文中作者向我们推荐了一种猜谜的游戏。故A正确。

　　．B 细节题。根据文章第二段第一句Riddles have been a pastime for centuries.可知这种游戏已经存在了很长时间了。故B正确。

　　．C 推理题。根据文章第三段So in order to get the riddle, you will have to do some creative thinking and think of all the possibilities of different words. The difficulty of figuring out the riddle is based on the riddle itself. The riddle has to provide you with enough clues to come to the right answer, but that doesn’t mean that the clues have to be easy.可知本段告诉我们的是猜出这些字谜的方法，就是要运用字谜里出现的线索。故C正确。

　　．B

　　细节题。根据文章倒数第二段If you are looking to tell riddles but don’t know any, you can look online and you will find a large number of sites that will have hundreds of different riddles to choose from. If you would like to look somewhere else then you could look at your local bookstore,可知作者告诉了我们两种猜字谜的方法，一种是到网络上寻找。一种是到当地的书店里找。一共有两种方法。故B正确。

　　考点：考察说明文

　　Ⅱ.任务型阅读

　　(2016·河北邢台市摸底考试)

　　Do's and Don'ts of Donating

　　Giving up your unused or unwanted stuff is a great way to make space in your home for the items that you do enjoy on a regular basis. 1.________

　　Here are four

　　do's and don'ts of donating your belongings.

　　Do Prep Your Clothes

　　You've thoroughly cleaned out your closets and drawers, and have a mountain of clothing waiting to be donated. Before you bag up these pieces, inspect each one to ensure that they're in good condition. Make sure all buttons are fastened, and that you can't see any stain. 2.________

　　Don't Donate Damaged Items

　　The number one rule of donating your stuff is to make sure that it's in a good, usable condition. Don't donate clothes or furniture with rips (裂口), chipped dishes, or books that are missing pages. 3.________

　　Find a local company that will recycle these items instead.

　　Do Donate More than Just Clothes

　　4.________ Stuffed animals, framed pictures, unused candles, small power tools, sports equipment, ornaments, baskets, blenders, dishes, glassware, silverware, pots and pans, curtains, blankets, toasters, mixers, pillows, towels, bed sheets, bikes, and exercise equipment are very popular donations.

　　5.________

　　With a little common sense it's easy to figure out items that are ideal for donation. But unfortunately some people will throw away the contents of their home without a second thought. As a gentle reminder, it's never a good idea to donate car parts, flammable products, construction materials, weapons, or explosives.

　　A.Nobody wants to inherit your damaged belongings.

　　B.Food donations are always in need.

　　C.Don't Even Think of Donating These Items

　　D.Not sure where to start?

　　E.Don't Donate Large Appliances

　　F.Clothes aren't the only household item that can be donated.

　　G.Wash the items to make them fresh and ready for their new owners.

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　(2016·江西省九校联合考试)If you read a newspaper or listen to a newscast (news report) recently, you may hear or read a strange word

　　“staycation”.Staycation is

　　1.________

　　new word the American press (newspapers, radio, and television) is using 2.________

　　(describe) a vacation very close to your own home, 3.________

　　simply staying at home during your vacation. It is a 4.________

　　(combine) of the words “stay” and “vacation”.

　　According to many news reports, these staycations are very popular among American families this year. Why? The high price of gasoline for cars and airplanes has made it very expensive for Americans to travel

　　5.________

　　(compare) to past years. When you combine this with the weak American dollar, it all adds up to people deciding to stay close to home 6.________

　　their traditional summer vacations. Of course, some places are more 7.________

　　(interest)

　　to “stay at home” than others. And if you live in a very small town, well, you may just want to skip your vacation and save your time up to next year!

　　Everything is 8.________

　　(expense) nowadays, and let's face it — a vacation just may not be in your plan this year. You don't have to give up family fun just because you can't get away; instead, follow my tips for an economical staycation filled with old favorites and new adventures! Staycations 9.________

　　(achieve) high popularity in current hard economic times in which

　　10.________

　　(employ) levels and gas prices are high.

　　Ⅳ.书面表达

　　(2016·河北省七校联合考试)书写是中学生日常学习中很重要的一项技能，而如今，老师、家长、学生对书写的重视程度降低了。请结合你的感受写一篇100词左右的英文短文，分析造成该现象的原因，并发表自己的看法。要点如下：

　　1.简要介绍该现象；

　　2.分析原因；

　　3.你的看法。

　　高考题型提能练(九).1～5　DGAFC.

　　1．a　空格后的word为可数名词单数形式new的读音以辅音音素开头且此处表示泛指意为“一个单词”故填a2．to describe　分析句子结构可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语故填 to describe3．or　空格前的“a vacation very close to your own home”和空格后的“simply staying at home during your vacation”之间是选择关系故此处应填连词or4．combination　根据空格前的冠词a可知此处应为名词形式combine 是动词意为“结合联合”其名词形式为 combination5．compared　分析句子结构可知此处应用分词形式作状语compared to ...意为“与……相比”常在句中作状语此处表示“与过去几年相比”故填compared6．during　此处表示“在他们传统的暑假期间”during 意为“在……期间”符合题意根据第一段倒数第二句中的“during your vacation”也可推知答案7．interesting　此处应用形容词作表语主语为“some places”此处指一些地方比另一些地方更有趣适合待在家里故填interesting8．expensive　空格处应用形容词作表语意为“如今所有东西都很贵”故填expensive9．have achieved　空格处在句中作谓语本句句意：在当前的经济困难时期居家旅游受到了人们的普遍欢迎根据本句中的时间状语“in current hard economic times”和语境可知此处应用现在完成时因主语“Staycations”为复数故填have achieved10．unemployment　此处意为“在失业率和油价都很高的经济困难时期”unemployment为名词意为“失业”符合语境.参考范文：Handwriting is one of the most important skills in students' daily study. Nowadays, however, teachers, students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.

　　There are many reasons explaining the phenomenon, the main one of which is the growing popularity of computers. Many students may think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving it. What's more, the students are so occupied with their lessons and homework every day that they have no adequate time to practice it.

　　In my opinion, just as the saying goes, “Writing style shows the man.” Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial, especially for middle school students. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.