高三英语一轮复习 专题2 代词与介词
Ⅰ.语法单句填空
1．Health experts believe that even a little exercise is far better than ________ at all.
答案：none 考查代词。句意：健康专家认为即使是一点点的锻炼也比没有锻炼好得多。根据句意可知，此处应用none，表示“没有”。
2．Come on! Anybody here can learn to do a rock climb. There is ________ to it really.
答案：nothing 考查不定代词。句意：加油！这儿的任何人都能学会攀岩。真的很简单。There is nothing to it“(做某事)没有困难”，为习惯用语。
3．No matter how busy he is, Tom makes ________ a rule to see his parents every week.
答案：it 考查代词。句意：不论自己多忙，汤姆每周都要去看望父母，这是他的一贯做法。此处用it作形式宾语，后面的不定式短语作真正的宾语。
4．Air quality today is much worse than ________ in the 1980s because of too much air pollution.
答案：that 考查替代词。句意：由于空气污染严重，现在的空气质量比20世纪80年代的空气质量差多了。本空用that代替前面的不可数名词Air quality，表示同一类别中的不同事物。
5．As the two dictionaries are useful, I'll take ________ and ________ of them is very important to me.
答案：both；either 考查不定代词。句意：由于这两本词典都有用，我会把它们都带走，每一本对我来说都非常重要。根据句意可知，说话人对这两本词典都很满意，故第一空用both；第二空所在句的谓语动词为单数，故空处应用either，表示“(两者中的)任何一个”。
6If you don't build your dream, someone will hire you to build ________.
答案：theirs 考查代词。句意：如果你不构建自己的梦想，那么就会有人雇用你去构建他们的梦想。所填空在句中作build的宾语，与前面的build your dream呼应，表示build their dreams，因此应用名词性物主代词theirs代替their dreams。
7．—Who is standing over there?
—It must be ________ from an express company.
答案：somebody/someone 考查不定代词。句意：——谁站在那儿？——肯定是快递公司的某个人。表示不确定的某人要用不定代词somebody/someone。
8．(2017·重庆改编)She drove so fast
at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.
答案：off 考查介词。句意：她在拐角的地方开得如此快，以至于汽车几乎驶出马路。go off the road 走出，驶出马路。off在此表示远离、离开。
9．The first time you take part in a race，________ is very normal to feel tense.
答案：it 考查it的用法。句意：第一次参加比赛，你感到紧张是很正常的。it在此作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to feel tense。
10．—What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?
—Well, let's discuss it ________ lunch.
答案：over 考查介词。句意：——本周末的野餐我们准备些什么呢？——哦，我们吃午饭的时候商量一下吧。这里用介词over表示“在……期间”。
11．Mr. Carter will be the main speaker ________ the graduation ceremony.
答案：at 考查介词。句意：Carter先生将作为毕业典礼上主要发言人。at the graduation ceremony意思是“在毕业典礼上”，为固定短语。
12Look at this year's sales figures ________ last year's; they're so much better.
答案：against 考查介词。句意：看看今年和去年的销售数字的对比；它们(比去年)好多了。against在这里表示“和……相比”。
13．Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival ________ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.
答案：to 考查介词。句意：和高尔夫球运动一样，瑜伽也是近年才出现在中国，它可能会成为一个蓬勃发展的行业。这里用介词to表示“对……来说”。
14．________ a minor illness, he seems to be in excellent health.
答案：Except for 考查介词短语。句意：除了一点儿小病外，他似乎非常健康。except for，表示除去美中不足的部分，肯定主要部分。
15．—It is quite ________ me why she gave up such a good chance.
—You can go and ask her yourself.
答案：beyond 句意：——我不懂她为什么放弃这么好的机会。——你可以自己去问问她。beyond sb.意为“超出某人能力/理解范围”，符合句意。
.单句改错
1．There are shops on all sides of the street.
2．In the villages, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay. All but the aged and the women stay at home.
3．Sad and angry, Peter started aiming the stones into the lake, trying to calm him down.
4．Clothing made of manmade fibers has certain advantages over one made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silk.
5．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but that didn't help.
6．In spite of her misfortune, she lost nothing of her passion for life.
7．I would appreciate you if you come to my grandma's birthday party and say “Hello” to her.
8．—What's the matter?
—Everything serious, I hope.
答案：1.all改为both 2.All改为None 3.him改为himself
4．one改为that 5.第二个that改为it 6.nothing改为none
7．第一个you改为it 8.Everything改为Nothing