高三英语一轮复习 专题12 非谓语动词
Ⅰ.语法单句填空
1．Even on a cold day he prefers ________(go) out to play football rather than________ stay) at home.
答案：to go；stay 句意为：甚至在大冷天，他也喜欢出去踢足球而不是呆在家里。prefer to do...rather than do...为固定短语，意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。
2．Apple now gets about 11% of its income from China，________(compare) with 1.1% in 2009.
答案：compared 句意为：苹果公司现在收入的11%是从中国市场获得的，而2009年仅有1.1%。compared with 1.1% in 2009相当于定语从句which is compared with 1.1% in 2009的省略形式。
3．Every afternoon a group of old women pass down the road outside my house, each________(carry) a load of firewood.
答案：carrying 句意为：每天下午一帮老太太从我家门外经过，每人都背着很多柴。此题考查独立主格结构。each与carry在逻辑上是主谓关系，在句中作伴随状语。
4．________(gain) necessary experience for my future career, I take an active part in social activities in college.
答案：To gain 句意为：为了给未来的职业积累必要的经验，我在大学积极参加社会活动。不定式短语在句中作目的状语。
5．He had never expected there ________(be) a woman calling herself his mother on his 20th birthday.
答案：to be 句意为：他从来没有想到在他20岁生日时会出现一个女人自称是他的妈妈。动词expect后常接不定式或不定式的复合结构。此处是expect to do sth.和there be非谓语结构的结合。
6．The scientist spent years alone in the forest, ________(survive) by eating wild fruit and small animals.
答案：surviving 句意为：那位科学家在森林里独自度过了几年时间，靠吃野果和小动物活了下来。the scientist与survive是逻辑上的主谓关系，谓语动作与非谓语动作同时发生，因此用现在分词作伴随状语。
7．________(determine) to carry out the plan in time, they will make careful preparations.
答案：Determined 句意为：因为决心要按时实施计划，他们将作充分的准备工作。determined表示被动和完成，强调状态。
8．—Can those ________(seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?
—No problem, sir!
答案：seated 句意为：——那些坐在教室后面的人能听到我的话吗？——没问题，先生。动词seat用法如下：be seated；seat oneself。作定语时用现在分词短语seating oneself或过去分词seated。
9．________(complete) all the homework assigned by the school the students have to work at it till midnight.
答案：To complete 句意为：为了完成学校布置的所有作业，学生们不得不努力学习到午夜时分。不定式短语作目的状语。
10．—How is the man injured in the accident?
—The doctor said if ________(treat) in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
答案：treated 句意为：——那个在事故中受伤的人怎么样了？——医生说如果治疗得当有可能获救。
if treated相当于if he was treated省略形式。
11Lucy's cellphone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ________(find) again.
答案：to be found 句意为：露西的手机不小心落在出租车上，再也没有找回来。Lusy's cellphone和find在逻辑上是动宾关系，且“找”是在“落在出租车上”之后，因此用不定式的被动式。
12．XiamenShenzhen High Speed Railway opened to traffic on Dec. 28th last year，________(link) the two of China's economic zones.
答案：linking 句意为：厦门至深圳高铁于去年12月28日开放通车，连接了中国的两个经济特区。high speed railway与非谓语动词是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。
13．________ finished the painting intended to be a gift for her girlfriend, he had a deep sigh of relief.
答案：Having 句意为：完成了那幅准备送给他女朋友的画之后，他终于松了口气。非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成式。
14．________(locate) at the golden belt of Yangtze River Delta, Ma'anshan is the National Garden City ________ wonderful landscape appeals to many visitors every year.
答案：Located; whose 句意为：坐落于长江三角洲这一黄金地带的马鞍山是一座国家级花园城市，它优美的风景每年都吸引很多游客前来。locate意为“位于”，与主语Ma'anshan构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。whose意为“……的”，引导定语从句并在句中充当定语。
15．—Whenever I come to visit, he is always watching TV.
—You're really observant. He can't help ________(watch) some TV during meals or before bed.
答案：watching 句意为：——无论我什么时候来，他总是在看电视。——你真善于观察，他吃饭时或睡觉之前都必须要看会儿电视。can't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“禁不住做某事/不得不做某事”。
.单句改错
1．I was about to enter the building when I saw a girl lie beside the dustbin.
2．I gave to him some food and a bath.
3．Apart from kept a young boy entertained, she taught me a good lesson.
4．Some classmates raised their cameras to capture the excited moments.
5．I should spend more time help my mom with the housework.
6．She has been arguing with me about me not come home.
7．I want to hold a party for you, hope that you can remember the time we spent together.
8．Such bad behaviours are out of place in our civilizing society.
9．We are looking forward to your come to our school.
10．It's diffiuclt to understanding why he barks in the morning.
答案：1.lie改为lying 2.去掉to 3.kept改为keeping
4．excited改为exciting 5.help改为helping 6.come改为coming 7.hope改为hoping 8.civilizing改为civilized
9．come改为coming 10.understanding改为understand