2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习撬题对点练：专题3 介词、介词短语和动词短语（1）（含解析）

　　A．单句填空

　　1．When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; ________ the same time, they warm up again for the night.

　　答案　at　[句意：当新的一天到来时，这些墙已经释放完了它们的热量，现在足够冷，能让房子在炎热的白天保持凉爽；与此同时，它们在晚上又会变得温暖。根据句意可知此处考查固定搭配at the same time，意为“与此同时”。]

　　2．Our club is open to everyone regardless ________ age, sex or educational background.

　　答案　of　[句意：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管； 不顾”，为固定搭配。]

　　3．In addition ________ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.

　　答案　to　[句意：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to, in addition to意为“除了……之外(还)”。]

　　4．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________ return.

　　答案　in　[句意：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。]

　　5．Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push­ups

　　to stay ________ shape.

　　答案　in　[句意：汤姆总是要晨跑，还经常做俯卧撑，以保持体形。stay in shape表示“保持体形”。]

　　6．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ________ the average.

　　答案　above　[句意：去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年，全球气温超过了平均气温0.68摄氏度。根据语境可知此处表示“在……之上，高于”，所以要用介词above。]

　　7．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ________ Thomas Edison.

　　答案　for　[句意：要不是Thomas Edison，许多现在让我们获益的东西都不会存在。根据句意和该句中的虚拟语气可知答案为for。but for要不是。]

　　8．A common memory they all have ________ their schooldays is the school uniform.

　　答案　of　[句意：他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。本句包含一个定语从句“they all have ________ their schooldays”，将先行词memory代入定语从句后为：They all have a common memory ________ their schooldays.由此可见设空处填of。of可用于说明动作的名词之后，表示动作的对象。]

　　9．________ the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.

　　答案　During　[句意：在第一周期间内，不要考虑距离，但要每天多跑5分钟。during表示“在……期间内”，符合语境。]

　　10．It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.

　　答案　despite　[句意：真是难以相信啊！尽管卢卡斯先生有很多钱，但他还过着简朴的生活。根据语境可知此处存在着转折关系。despite意为“尽管”，符合句意。]

　　11．I didn't know you had any interest ________ painting.

　　答案　in　[句意：我不知道你对绘画感兴趣。名词interest与介词in搭配，have interest in意为“对……有兴趣”。]

　　12．If I were short ________ cash and couldn't afford to do anything much, which in those days were usually the case, I could always go outside and take a look round.

　　答案　of　[句意：如果我缺钱，负担不起任何东西，我会经常去外面逛逛，这些日子一直是这种情况。be short of“缺少……”，为固定短语。]

　　13．—Why do you think he is feeling spiritless?

　　—Because staying up late makes him at his worst in terms ________ physical situation.

　　答案　of　[句意：——你认为他为什么会无精打采的？——因为熬夜使他的身体处在最糟糕的状态。in terms of为固定短语，意为“在……方面”。]

　　14．Don't you think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulders?

　　答案　across　[句意：难道你不认为这件衬衫在肩部太紧吗？across the shoulders意为“在肩部”。]

　　15．The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are in intelligence. If we take two unrelated people ________ random, their degree of intelligence might be completely different.

　　答案　at　[句意：两个人的血缘关系越近，他们的智商越接近。如果我们随意挑出无亲缘关系的两个人，他们的智力水平可能会完全不同。at random为固定搭配，意为：随意，随机。]

　　B.单句改错

　　1．Most people work because it's unavoidable. In contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　In→By　[句意：大多数人工作是因为那是不可避免的，相比这下，还有一些人是真的喜欢工作。by contrast相比之下，对比而言。]

　　2．These comments came in response of specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　of→to　[句意：对于当地资讯记者常常问起的特定问题，这些评论正好作出了回复。in response to意为“作为对……的回应”。]

　　3．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes of animals both on land and sea?

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　第二个of→to　[句意：你听说过成为在陆地上和海里的动物的栖息地的树吗？be home to为固定短语，意为“是……的栖息地”。]

　　4．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony by nature.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　by→with　[句意：人类生活被认为是大自然的一部分，严格说来，我们生存的唯一方式是与大自然和睦相处。in harmony with意为“与……协调”。]

　　5．This meeting room is a non­smoking area. I would like to warn you on advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　on→in　[句意：这间会议室是无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果在这儿吸烟的话你会被罚款的。in advance意为“提前，事先”。]

　　6．The little pupil took his grandma with the arm and walked her across the street.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　with→by　[句意：那个小学生挽着奶奶的手臂带她过了马路。take sb. by the arm意为“挽着某人的手臂”。此处的by表示“抓着(物体或身体的某个部位)”。故把with改成by。]

　　7．She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went from the road.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　from→off　[句意：她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于车差点偏离公路。off离开，偏离。故把from改成off。]

　　8．A schoolgirl saved her father's life with kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic reaction which stopped his heart.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　with→by　[句意：一个女孩的父亲因严重过敏而导致心脏停止跳动，这个女孩用踢他胸部的方法救了他的命。根据句意可知应用by，表示方法、方式、手段或媒介，意为“靠，用，通过”。]

　　9．Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children from stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　from→with　[句意：与其他母亲交流之后，我听说前天晚上其他的孩子有胃疼或失眠的情况。根据句意可知应用with，意为“有，拥有”。]

　　10．Two days later, Alice got a call by Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　by→from　[句意：两天后，艾丽斯接到了住在马林的一位名叫安妮·赫伯特的电话。根据句意可知，电话来自于安妮·赫伯特，故应用from，意为“从，来自”。]

　　11．Then I turned to my teacher and he gave me some advice of how to cooperate well with others.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　of→about/on　[表示“关于……的建议”用about或on。]

　　12．I take pride of this experience because it not only helps me realize that I can achieve my potential through hard work, but makes me know the proverb “practice makes perfect”．

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　of→in　[考查固定搭配。take pride in，意为“以……自豪”。]

　　13．I turned to my grandpa on advice when I got home.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　on→for　[考查固定短语。turn to sb. for advice，意为“向某人寻求建议”。故应把on改为for。]

　　14．Some students may apply to a bank loan and others will try to find part­time jobs on and off campus.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　第一个to→for　[考查固定搭配。apply for意为“申请某物”，apply to意为“向某人申请”，后跟人作宾语。]

　　15．It is very convenient of you to get there by train.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　of→for　[考查固定结构。It is convenient for sb. to do sth.意为“某人做某事是方便的”。]