【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)tire v. (使)疲倦 tire out
筋疲力尽 (2)tired
adj. 困倦的; 疲倦的 be/get/grow tired of (doing) sth. 对(做)某事感到厌烦 be/get tired 很累/疲劳 be tired from
因……而劳累 be tired out
筋疲力尽的 *(2017·陕西高考)Tired as I was, I never felt so happy.
尽管我很累, 但我从没有感到过如此快乐。 *She is getting tired of eating the same food every morning.
她厌倦了每天早晨吃同样的食物。 【看一看➡巧学助记】 The long talk was so tiring that all of us were tired of it.
这个很长的讲话很是让人疲劳, 结果我们所有人都对它感到厌烦。 4. defence
n. 防御; 保护, 保卫; 辩护 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①Hundreds of people gave their lives __ _______ __ freedom.
数以百计的人为了捍卫自由而献出了生命。 ②Two of his friends _____ __ ___ _______.
他的两个朋友来保护他。
in defence
of came to his defence 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)come to one’s defence
帮助/保护某人 in defence of
保卫; 捍卫; 为……辩护 (2)defend
vt.保卫; 防御; 防守; 辩护 defend sb. /sth. from (against) 保护某人/某物免遭…… *She defended herself successfully in court.
她在法庭上成功地为自己做了辩护。 *We shall defend our city against enemies, whatever the cost may be.
不管代价是什么, 我们要捍卫我们的城市免遭敌人的攻击。 5. at a loss 困惑, 茫然, 不知所措; 亏本地 【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①I was at a loss to understand what had happened.
( ) ②The company was sold at a loss of $2 million. ( ) 困惑, 茫然 亏本地 【记一记➡构建知识】 at a loss for words不知说什么好 a great loss to对……而言是个巨大损失 a loss of confidence 失去信心 *If the school closes, it will be a great loss to the community.
如果学校关闭, 对该社区而言将是个巨大的损失。 6. Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, making the land a happy home for the local people.
大自然给香格里拉提供了取之不尽的天然宝藏, 使得这片土地成了当地居民的幸福家园。 【填一填➡激活思维】仿写句子。 ①Many young parents go to find jobs in the city, __________ _______________with their grandparents.
许多年轻的父母进城打工, 把他们的孩子留在家里和祖父母 在一起。 ②A terrible accident happened on a highway in Shaanxi last
month, _____________________________.
上个月陕西的一条公路上发生了一起严重的事故, 造成35名 乘客和一名司机死亡。 leaving the children at home killing 35 passengers and a driver 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)现在分词短语作结果状语时, 多位于句尾表示顺理成章的结果。 (2)“only +不定式”作结果状语往往表示一种出乎意料的结果。 *He hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had left.
他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站, 结果发现火车已经开走了。 3. scare
vt. 使恐惧, 惊吓 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①She moved quietly to avoid _______ the birds _____.
她轻轻地移动以免吓跑鸟儿。 ②He was ______ ____ ______ the toy.
他被吓得买下了这个玩具。 scaring away scared into buying 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)scare sb.
吓唬某人 scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 scare. . . away/off 把……吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth.
威胁某人做某事 scare sb. out of doing sth.
吓得某人不做某事 (2)scared
adj. 害怕的; 恐惧的 be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be scared to do sth.
害怕去做某事 *(2017·江西高考)If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!
如果这里有你害怕的东西, 你就不会选择这个地方了!
*(2011·江西高考)She intended to scare her parents.
她打算吓唬她父母。 4. bury
vt. 埋葬; 埋藏 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①There is supposed to be treasure ______ around here.
据推测这一带埋藏着宝藏。 ②When I entered, I found her ______ __ her work.
我进去时, 我发现她正专心工作。 buried buried in 【记一记➡构建知识】 bury sth.
埋藏/埋葬某物 bury oneself in be buried in
沉浸于某事, 专心于某事 *(2017·浙江高考)Mailboxes might be buried in the snow, or broken.
邮箱可能埋在雪中, 或坏掉了。 *In the evenings he buries himself in/is buried in his studies.
每天晚上他都埋头学习。 5. reflect
vt. 反射(声、光、热等); 反映 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①He looked at his face ________ __ the mirror.
他看着映照在镜子里的自己的脸。 ②I need time to ______ ___ your advice.
我需要时间来考虑你的建议。 reflected in reflect on 【记一记➡构建知识】 reflect sth. (in sth. )(在……中)反射某物 reflect on 认真考虑; 回忆 on/upon reflection
仔细考虑后, 经过思考 *She decided, on reflection, to accept the offer.
她仔细考虑后, 决定接受这个建议。 【猜一猜➡熟词生义】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①He said that the statement did not reflect his own views.
( ) ②He reflected for a moment and then began to speak again.
(
) 代表, 反映 仔细考虑 6. surrounding adj. 周围的, 附近的 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①When he woke up, he found himself ___________ by
children from ___________ villages.
当他醒来时, 他发现自己被来自周围村庄的孩子们包围着。 ②The hotel is ideally located for visiting the city and the
___________ area.
要想游览这座城市和周边地区, 这家宾馆所在的地点很理想。 surrounded surrounding surrounding 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)surrounding villages/areas
周围的村庄/地区 surroundings n. 周围的事物; 环境 (2)surround sb. /sth. 包围某人/某物 be surrounded by
被……包围 *(2017·福建高考)Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.
只有通过这种方式我们才能生活在更舒适、更优美的环境中。 7. harmony
n. 和谐, 协调, 融洽 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①The villagers live __ ________ ____ nature.
这些村民们和大自然和谐相处。 ②I believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live
together __ ________.
我相信不同民族融洽地生活在一起是可能的。 in harmony with in harmony 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)in harmony
和谐(地), 协调(地), 融洽(地) in harmony with
与……和谐/协调/融洽 (2)harmonious adj. 和谐的; 融洽的 *(2011·广东高考)Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home?
狗和猫能在同一个家庭中和谐相处吗?
*(2017·江苏高考)To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.
为了避免这样的冲突, 我们应该对彼此友好, 这是享受和谐生活所必不可少的。 【核心短语】 8. in case 万一 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①I’d better stay at home __ ____ _____ ____ ___.
我最好待在家里以防凯特给我打电话。 ②It may rain—you’d better ____ ___ ________ __ ____.
可能会下雨——你最好带把伞以防万一。 in case Kate calls me take an umbrella in case 【记一记➡构建知识】 in case of 假使, 以防 in no case决不(放句首, 句子需部分倒装) in any case
无论如何, 不管怎样
in that case
既然那样 as is often the case
这是常有的事 *In case of rain, the meeting will be held indoors.
以防下雨, 会议将在室内举行。 *In no case can you miss the opportunity to go to university for further study.
你决不能错过上大学深造的机会。 *As is often the case, the fact that something cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality.
情况通常是这样, 便宜的东西并不一定意味着其质量就差。 【经典句式】 9. Wish you
were here.
如果你在这儿就好了。 【填一填➡激活思维】用所给词的适当形式填空。 ①I wish I _____ (be) 30 years younger.
我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。 ②I wish I _____ (know) the answer (but I don’t).
我希望我知道答案(但我现在不知道)。 ③I wish I __________(know) the answer (but I didn’t).
我希望我过去知道答案(但我过去并不知道)。 ④I wish I ______________(fly) to the moon by spaceship one
day.
我希望有朝一日能坐宇宙飞船飞上月球。 were knew had known could/would fly 【记一记➡构建知识】 wish后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气, 其中谓语动词的形式和对应用法见下表:
谓语动词的形式 表示的时间 did/were 表示当时未能实现的愿望、意愿 had done/been 表示过去未能实现的愿望、意愿 could/would do/be 表示未来不大可能实现的愿望、意愿 注意: 主句中wish自身的时态并不影响从句中谓语动词的形式变化。 【拓展延伸】 If only (要是……就好了) 其谓语动词的虚拟形式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟形式相同。 *If only he were here. 要是他现在在这儿就好了。 *If only I had taken my mother’s advice.
我要是听取了妈妈的建议就好了。
*If only I could speak several foreign languages.
我要是能讲几种外语就好了。 10. We’ll live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatever they do, including cow’s blood!
我们要跟当地的居民一起住在他们的村落中, 不管他们吃什么、喝什么, 我们也一起吃、一起喝, 包括牛血!
【填一填➡激活思维】仿写句子。 ①The children were allowed to do _________________.
孩子们被允许做他们喜欢做的任何事。 ②College students are seen doing _____________________ ____.
我们可以看到, 只要有工作, 大学生们什么都干。 whatever they liked whatever work they can find 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)本句中whatever引导名词性从句, 相当于anything that, 表示无论什么, 无论何事。 (2)whatever还可引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter what, 表示不管怎么样, 无论怎么样。 *Whatever (=No matter what) happens, the first important thing is to keep calm.
不管发生什么事, 首要的是保持冷静。 11. Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran
towards him.
科林正要从骆驼上下来这时一个孩子向他跑过来。 【填一填➡激活思维】仿写句子。 ①I ___________________________he dropped in on me.
我正要给他打电话这时他来看我了。 ②Mary ____________________her mother interrupted her.
玛丽正要开口说话这时她妈妈打断了她。 was about to ring him up when was about to say when 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)句型“be about to do . . . when. . . ”, 意为“正要做某事这时发生了另外一件事”, when相当于and at this/that time。 (2)when表示该含义时常用于以下句型:
be about to do . . . when. . . 正要做……这时…… be doing. . . when. . .
正在做……这时…… be on the point of doing. . . when. . .
正要做……这时…… had done. . . when. . .
刚刚……这时…… *They were playing football on the playground when it rained.
他们正在操场上踢足球这时天下雨了。 *She was on the point of leaving her house when one of her friends came.
她正要离开家, 这时她的一个朋友来了。 *I had just finished my homework when my mother asked me
to practise playing the piano.
我刚刚做完作业妈妈就让我练钢琴。 【要点拾遗】 1. rough
adj. 汹涌的; 粗糙的; 大概的 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①The water in this river is __ ______ ____ you can’t swim in it.
河水太汹涌了, 你不能在里面游泳。 ②Could you give me __ ______ ____ when you will be back?
你能告诉我你大概什么时候回来吗?
so rough that a rough idea 【记一记➡构建知识】 rough weather
狂风暴雨的天气 give sb. a rough time 使某人受苦 *Her hands were rough with work.
因为劳动她的双手很粗糙。 【猜一猜➡熟词生义】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①She is going through a rough time but she believes
everything will be all right in the end. (
) ②Don’t be rough on him. He is only a child. (
) 困难的, 艰难的 粗暴的, 粗鲁的 2. advance n. 前进; 预先
vi. 前进; 进步 【填一填➡激活思维】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①If you want to see the doctor, you’d better make an
appointment with him in advance. (
) ②Our troops have advanced two miles. (
) 提前 前进 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)in advance在……前; 预先, 事先 make an advance 取得进步 (2)advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的; 高等的 advanced workers先进工人
the advanced maths course 高等数学课程 *(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Thank you in advance!
提前谢谢您!
*Science has made great advances during the last ten years.
科学在过去的十年里有了很大的进步。 3. tiring
adj. 让人疲劳的, 累人的 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①Teaching small children is very _____.
教小孩很累人。 ②The work is _____; it ____ me ___.
这工作很累人, 把我累坏了。 tiring tiring tires out Unit 2 Wish you were here 【话题词汇】 1. adventure
n. 冒险 2. expedition n. 探险 3. scenery
n. 风景 4. sightseeing n. 观光 5. package
n. 包裹 6. guide
n. 向导, 导游 7. transportation
n. 交通工具 8. exploit
v. 开发, 开拓 9. risk
vt. 冒险 10. skillful
adj. 擅长的 11. unbelievable
adj. 难以置信的 12. place of interest名胜 13. go on vacation
度假 14. go camping
去露营 15. go picnicking 去野餐 16. get close to nature 接近大自然 【经典语篇】 (2017·保定模拟)假设你叫李华, 是某校高三学生, 你想参加学校组织的“感受哈佛”冬令营活动, 请你用英语写一份申请。内容应包括:
1. 参加活动的目的; 2. 自己的爱好和特长;
3. 希望获准。 Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua. I’m eager to join the winter camp—A Visit to Harvard University.
［参加活动的目的］ I think it is a good chance for me to learn about Harvard University and American culture which will help broaden my view and enrich my life. By the way, it can also help improve my English study. ①I have a strong belief that the visit to Harvard University is surely worthwhile.
［自己的爱好和特长］I’m fond of reading, traveling and meeting new people. Besides, I do quite well in English and can talk with foreigners freely.
［希望获准］ I hope I will be accepted as a member of the winter camp.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua 【厚积薄发】 Ⅰ. 完成句子 (1)上周日我们去公园进行了一次野餐。 We ______________in the park last Sunday.
(2)为了接近大自然, 他们计划去九寨沟度假。 In order to __________nature, they plan to _____________in
Jiuzhaigou.
went picnicking get close to go on vacation Ⅱ. 一句多译 把句①进行同义转换。 I do believe that Harvard University is worth _______.
=I ___ ______ that Harvard University is worthy __ ___ ______.
visiting do believe to be visited Ⅰ. 单词➡分类记忆 【核心单词】不可不记 1.________ (vt. &
vi. )安排 2. ______ (adj. )
汹涌的; 粗糙的; 大概的 3. ________ (n. ) 前进; 预先 (vi. ) 前进; 进步 4. ______ (n. & vt. ) 提供, 供给, 补给 5. ____ (vt. ) 观看; 看待 (n. )
景色; 观点
arrange rough advance supply view 6. ______ (vt. ) 反射(声、光、热等); 反映 7. _________ (n. ) 冒险; 冒险经历→ ___________ (adj. ) 冒险 的 →__________ (n. ) 冒险家 8. _____________ (adj. ) 不舒服的, 不自在的 →___________
(adj. ) 舒服的→ _______ (n. & v. ) 安慰; 使……舒适 9. _________ (n. ) 保护 →_______ (vt. ) 保护 10. _______ (n. )防御, 保护→______ (v. )保卫 11. _____ (vt. ) 使恐惧, 惊吓 →_____ (adj. ) 使人惊恐的, 吓人 的, 可怕的 →______ (adj. ) 惊慌的, 吓坏的 reflect adventure adventurous adventurer uncomfortable comfortable comfort protection protect defence defend scare scary scared 12. _____ (adj. )让人疲劳的, 累人的 →_____ (adj. ) 感到疲劳 的 →____ (v. )使人疲倦 13. _______ (vt. & vi. ) 探索; 勘探→ __________ (n. ) 探险 →________ (n. ) 探险者 14. _____ (vt. ) 埋葬; 埋藏→ ______(n. ) 掩埋; 葬礼 15. ______ (n. ) 美; 美好的人或物 →________ (adj. ) 美丽的,
漂亮的→ __________ (adv. ) 美丽地 →________ (vt. ) 美化,
装饰 tiring tired tire explore exploration explorer bury burial beauty beautiful beautifully beautify 16. ________ (adv. ) 官方地, 正式地→______ (adj. & n. )官方 的, 正式的; 官员 17. _________ (vt. ) 宣布, 宣称→______________ (n. ) 通告, 宣布 18._________ (n. ) 和谐, 协调, 融洽 →___________ (adj. )和谐的 officially official announce
announcement
harmony harmonious 【高频单词】不可不知 19. ______ (n. )
沙漠 (vt. )
抛弃, 舍弃 20. ________ (adj. )
明亮的; 鲜艳的 21. _________ (adv. )
总共 22. ___________ (n. )
空气; 大气层 23.________ (n. & vt. ) 计划 24. __________ (n. )
目的地 25. ____ (n. )
地点, 场所 desert brilliant altogether atmosphere
schedule destination spot 26. _______ (vt. )
出版, 发表 27. _____________ (adj. )
不同寻常的 28. _____ (n. ) 航班; 空中航行 29. ______ (adj. )
经典的 (n. ) 经典作品 30. ___________ (adj. )
周围的, 附近的 publish extraordinary flight classic surrounding Ⅱ. 短语➡双语互译 1. 总共 ____________________ 2. (以防)万一
______ 3. 提前 __________ 4. 供应不足 _____________ 5. 向某人提供某物
________________________ 6. up close
_______ 7. be tired of
__________ in all/total =altogether in case in advance in short supply supply/provide sb. with sth. 靠近地 厌烦, 厌倦 8. at a loss
______________ 9. be home to _____________ 10. in harmony with _______________ 11. in defence of ___________ 12. be buried in
______________ 13. get a good view of _______________________ 茫然, 不知所措 是……的家园 与……和谐相处 为……辩护 专心于, 埋头于 很清楚地看到……的景色 语境取词——选用上面的单词或短语填空 ①We paid a visit to the City Nature Reserve yesterday. It __
_______(是……的家园) many birds and animals. Before
going there, we bought some food and water __________(提 前). In the nature reserve, sheep, cattle and horses wander on
the green grass and people live _______________(与……和谐 相处) nature.
②He used to _________(对……厌烦) English, but with the
teacher’s help, he develops an interest in it. Now he is always
________(专心于) it and has made great advances/progress.
is home to in advance in harmony with be tired of buried in Ⅲ. 句型➡超级仿写 1. wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气 Wish you _________(在这儿).
【仿写】我多么希望我现在知道他的电话号码啊!
How I wish I ____________________________!
were here knew his telephone number now 2. whatever引导名词性从句 We’ll live with the local people in their villages, and eat and
drink _______________(他们吃喝的任何东西), including
cow’s blood!
【仿写】我们将做我们能做的任何事来帮助你。 We will do _____________________________.
whatever they do whatever we can (do) to help you 3. had hoped/thought/planned. . . 本希望/本以为/本计划…… We _________(本希望)that we would get to see some other
wildlife on our trip, but sadly we didn’t.
【仿写】我本计划今天上午陪你去购物的, 但我父母不同意。 I ________________________with you this morning, but my
parents didn’t agree.
had hoped had planned to go shopping 4. be about to do. . . when. . . 正要做……就在那时…… Colin ___________(正要)get off the camel _____(就在那时) a child ran towards him.
【仿写】我正要上床睡觉就在那时电话铃响了。 I _________________________the telephone rang.
was about to when was about to go to bed when 5. 动词-ing形式作结果状语 Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, ____________________________________________(使这片土 地成了当地居民的幸福家园).
【仿写】他父母去北京了, 将房子留给了他。 His parents have moved to Beijing, _____________________.
making the land a happy home for the local people leaving the house to him 【重点单词】 1. arrange
vt. & vi. 安排 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①Please _______ ___ a taxi __ ____ me up at 6: 00 p. m. .
请安排一辆出租车下午六点接我。 ②I’ve ________ ____ the neighbours _____ feeding the cats.
我已和邻居商量妥喂猫的事了。 arrange for to pick arranged with about 【记一记➡构建知识】 (1)arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for sb. /sth. to do sth. 安排某人/某物做某事 arrange with sb. about(doing) sth. 与某人商定(做)某事 (2)arrangement n. 排列; 布置; 安排, 约定 make arrangements for 为……安排好 make arrangements to do sth. 安排做某事 *(2017·福建高考)Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
父母为他们的孩子安排好了一切, 不遗余力地为他们的成功铺平道路。 *(2011·北京高考)I got a taste of that dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. 2001年我体验了我的梦想, 那年我丈夫为我的生日安排了乘热气球。 【悟一悟➡参透误区】 “安排某人做某事”一般不说arrange sb. to do sth. , 而应用arrange for sb. to do sth. 结构。 【猜一猜➡熟词生义】观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。 ①She arranged books on the shelves. (
) ②He arranged many songs for the concert. (
) 整理 改编 2. supply
n. & vt. 提供, 供给, 补给 【填一填➡激活思维】 ①The government has ________ plenty of food and clothes __
the local people after the earthquake.
政府在地震后已经向当地人提供了大量的食品和衣服。 ②The milk is __ _____ ______ now.
现在牛奶供应不足。 supplied to in short supply 【记一记➡构建知识】 supply sb. with sth. /supply sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物 a good supply of大量 in short supply
供应不足, 短缺 supply and demand
供求关系 *What kind of camping supplies will we need for the weekend?
我们周末需要哪些野营用品?
*The camp has a good supply of food and water.
营地有充足的食品和水供应。 *It’s wise for a businessman to pay close attention to supply and demand.
对于商人来说密切关注供求关系是明智的。 【辨一辨➡明晰异同】 词 汇 搭 配 备 注 supply supply sb. with sth. =supply sth. to sb. supply和provide意思相同 provide provide sth. for sb. =provide sb. with sth. offer offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 主动提供