2017江苏《夺冠之路》高三英语【牛津译林版】一轮复习精品学案：Module10 Units 1—2

　　Units 1—2

　　重点单词

　　【1】 account n. 叙述；描写；报道；账，账目，账单

　　The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident.

　　警察叙述了交通事故的经过。

　　A shopkeeper must keep accounts.

　　店主必须记账。

　　take sth. into account/take account of sth. 考虑/顾及某事

　　take no account of 对……不予考虑；对……不予重视

　　on account of sth.(＝because of sth.) 因为，由于

　　on no account 决不；绝对不

　　on this/that account 由于这个/那个缘故

　　put down sth. to sb.'s account 把……记入某人账内

　　keep an account of 记录，记载

　　accountant n. 会计师，会计人员

　　①The doctor warned his patient that ______ should he return to work until he had completely recovered.

　　A. on no account

　　B. on all accounts

　　C. on any account

　　D. on every account

　　②Kelly gave me a vivid ______ of her trip to Mount Tai after her return. (2010山东聊城模拟)

　　A. explanation

　　B. account

　　C. imagination

　　D. idea

　　①A　后面用了倒装，所以前面一定是否定的条件状语从句。

　　②B　explanation 解释，说明；imagination 想象，空想；idea 想法，主意。give a vivid account of生动地描述。句意为“凯莉回来后向我生动地描述了她的泰山之旅”。

　　【2】 vain adj. 徒然的，无益的，自负的，自视过高的

　　They made vain attempts to reach the mountain top.

　　他们几次徒然尝试登上山顶。

　　in vain 徒然，白费，无效

　　We tried in vain to make him change his mind.

　　我们想使他改变主意，结果是白费心机。

　　Theory is based on practice and ______ serves practice.

　　A. in exchange

　　B. in return

　　C. in vain

　　D. in place

　　B　in return 反过来。

　　【3】 claim

　　n. [U]&[C]根据权利提出的要求；请求权；申明；断言

　　He made a claim for a higher pay.

　　他提出更高报酬的要求。

　　Surely they have a rightful claim to their father's land.

　　确实，他们对父亲的土地拥有合法的所有权。

　　The government's claim that war was necessary was obviously mistaken.

　　政府发表声明说战争是必然的，这显然是错误的。

　　vt. & vi. (根据权利)要求，认领，声称，主张，需要。用作及物动词，后面常接名词，不定式或that从句。

　　Has anyone claimed this watch?

　　有人认领这块表了吗？

　　He claimed to have failed in the election.

　　他声称在竞选中失败了。

　　He claimed that he hadn't done it, but I didn't believe him.

　　他声称没有做这件事，可是我不相信他。

　　Unless he pays up, I shall claim against him.

　　除非他付清欠款，否则我将诉诸法律要求赔偿。

　　admit/reject/settle a claim 同意赔款/拒绝索赔/解决索赔

　　claim form催询单，催缺通函

　　claim statement损失索赔清单；起诉状

　　have many claims on对……有许多要求

　　priority of one's claim 优先要求权

　　have no claim on/to sth. 对……无权要求

　　lay claim to (put in/make a claim for) 表示自己有权利获得

　　claim against damage 要求赔偿损失

　　claim against a company for compensation要求公司赔偿

　　claim, right, demand

　　三者都有“权利，要求”的意思。

　　(1) claim指某人对某个被他人占有、他人扣留或由他人拖欠的物品提出法律上或道德上的权益要求。

　　The drama instructor made a claim to the estate of the deceased actress.

　　这位戏剧导演对已故女演员的遗产提出了所有权的要求。

　　(2) right是最一般用语，可替代其他几个词，狭义上，它指已付诸文字的所有权的法律证据或契约协议。广义上，它可指某人实际未占有却感到自己应得的那类东西，可以是道德的、伦理的、感情或策略方面应有的权利。

　　Everyone has the right of equality before the law.

　　法律面前，人人平等。

　　(3) demand可指“要求”，但带有权威或急切的意味。

　　I demand to know the truth.

　　我要知道事情真相。

　　The situation demands attention.

　　这种局势急需加以注意。

　　①He claimed ______ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.

　　A. being badly treated

　　B. treating badly

　　C. to be treated badly

　　D. to have been badly treated

　　②I do not ______ to be clever but I am not stupid.

　　A. permit

　　B. classify

　　C. confess

　　D. claim

　　①D　他声称昨天他在超市购物时受到了不公正的对待。claim意为“声称，宣称”，后面常接不定式和that从句。当表示“声称做过某事”时，应接不定式完成时或that从句。

　　②D　句意：我不敢说自己很聪明，但我并不愚蠢。permit允许；classify分类；confess承认，坦白；claim声称。

　　【4】 head v. 为首，主持，率领，领导，朝……前进 n．头，头脑，才智，首脑，源头，标题

　　Who headed the department of the store?

　　谁负责这家百货公司？

　　The ship was heading for Shanghai.

　　船正开往上海。

　　The movie heads the list of Oscar nominations.

　　这部影片在奥斯卡提名影片中名列首位。

　　keep one's head 保持头脑冷静

　　be out of one's head 发疯，精神错乱

　　lose one's head 慌神，失去自制

　　use one's head 认真思考，动脑筋

　　①During an emergency, It's important to ______________.

　　紧急情况下保持镇定很重要。

　　②It's about time that we were ________________.

　　我们该动身回家了。

　　①keep your head　②heading home

　　【1】 push for 努力争取

　　Don't push him hard for a settlement.

　　别太逼他给你解决的办法。

　　We should have to push them for a quick decision.

　　我们必须敦促他们迅速决断。

　　They are pushing for economic reform.

　　他们迫切要求经济改革。

　　push around 把……推来推去，摆布

　　push back 向后推，吞下

　　push on 推动，推进，努力向前

　　push through 设法通过；挤过，穿过

　　push up 抬高，增加，提高

　　push down 按下

　　push aside 把……推开，避开

　　push away 推开

　　push out 把……推出去， (使)突出

　　I asked him several questions, but he ______ three ______.

　　A. set; away

　　B. set; aside

　　C. pushed; aside

　　D. push; out

　　C　push aside 把……推开，避开。set…aside(为某种目的)留出，拨出(金钱、时间)；不顾，把……置于一旁。

　　【2】take advantage of sb./sth. 利用；欺骗，占……便宜

　　advantage可作可数和不可数名词，意为：有利条件，优点，优势；利益，好处。

　　I should like to take advantage of the opportunity to express my thanks for your help.

　　我得好好利用这个机会来表达我对你帮忙的感激之情。

　　She took advantage of the children's absence to tidy their rooms.

　　她利用孩子们不在的这个机会整理他们的房间。

　　If you appear to be easy and soft, people will take advantage of you.

　　如果你看上去软弱，人们就会欺负你。

　　(反)disadvantage n. 不利

　　have an advantage over 胜过，优于

　　to sb.'s advantage 对某人有利

　　turn to advantage 使转化为有利

　　We just hope tens of thousands of the customers can ______ of this major price cut to get what they really need.

　　A. take advantage

　　B. take charge

　　C. take control

　　D. take notice

　　A　句意：我们只希望广大顾客能抓住这个大降价的机会买到他们真正需要的东西。take advantage of sth. 趁机做某事。

　　【3】 put pressure on sb. to do 强迫，促使，劝说

　　The birth of twins put pressure on them to find a bigger house.

　　他们生了双胞胎，不得不找一间大一点的房子。

　　under pressure 受压力，压缩，被迫

　　The gas is stored under pressure in the tank.

　　该气体在压缩状态下贮于罐中。

　　She is constantly under pressure and it is affecting her heart.

　　她经常负担过重，因而影响了心脏。

　　①Advertisements __________________________

　　广告迫使女孩子竞相瘦身。

　　②The team performs well ____________________

　　这个队在压力下表现良好。

　　①put pressure on girls to be thin　

　　②under pressure

　　【4】 on top of 另外，此外；在……上面

　　He gets commission on top of salary.

　　除了薪水之外，他还有佣金。

　　On top of borrowing 500 yuan, he asked me to lend him my car.

　　除了借500元钱，他还向我借车。

　　Books were piled on top of one another.

　　书籍一本一本地摞在一起。

　　【5】 on the move 在旅途中，在迁徙中

　　I need a mobile phone as I'm always on the move.

　　我总是到处奔走，需要一部移动电话。

　　The firm is on the move to larger offices.

　　公司正在迁往更大的办公室。

　　make a move 动身，开始行动

　　make no move 不做这件事

　　make the first move 抢先行动，抢占先机

　　move on 继续前行

　　①The car was already ______________________.

　　汽车已经开动了。

　　②It's getting late — We'd better __________________.

　　时间不早了——我们得动身了。

　　①on the move　

　　②make a move

　　【1】 There is a saying that goes ‘Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.’

　　有句俗语是这样说的：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终身之用。”

　　此句中的go 意为 “(文句等)表达为……”，强调(诗或歌中词/调)唱，说或指(故事等)发生情况如何。

　　How does that song go?

　　那首歌怎么唱？

　　The story goes that she's been married five times.

　　据传她结过5次婚。

　　read, say, write

　　(1) read意为“应读作，写着，写成是……”，强调的是“告示，信或段落等书写的内容”。

　　I've changed the last paragraph. It now reads as follows…

　　我已经修改了最后一段，现在是这样写的……

　　(2) say 意为“写道，说，指示”，强调“书面材料或可见的东西”所提供的信息，很多情况下能与read 通用。

　　The notice said “Keep out”．

　　告示上写着“禁止入内”。

　　The book doesn't say where he was born.

　　书上没说他是在哪儿出生的。

　　(3) write意为“写道”，强调“书面陈述，以(文字)说”。

　　In his latest book he writes that the theory has been disproved.

　　他在最近的一本书里写道，那个理论后来已被证明不能成立。

　　①— What should I do first?

　　— The instructions ______ that you should mix flour with water carefully first.

　　A. go

　　B. tell

　　C. write

　　D. say

　　②— The father buys, the son builds. The grandchild sells and his son begs.

　　— Yes, I can't agree more. Just as the saying ______： from clogs to clogs is only three generations.

　　A. reads

　　B. goes C. speaks

　　D. states

　　①D　说明书上写道你首先应当将面粉同水一起混合。强调“书面材料或可见的东西”所提供的信息。

　　②B　A saying goes that…为固定句型，意为“俗话说……”。

　　【2】 However, very high interest rates have created a situation where countries in the developing countries now spend $13 on debt repayment for every $1 that they receive.

　　然而高利息导致了一种局面，在这种局面中发展中国家现在要用13美元还以前债务的1美元。

　　where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰前面的situation。高考试题中对where 的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”，一般当先行词为“situation, case, point, stage”等时，可考虑用where 引导定语从句。

　　The accident had reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.

　　事情发展到如此程度，不得不请双方的家长了。

　　Plainly, in the real world, we are hardly likely to get a situation where all the errors are zero.

　　很明显，在现实世界中，我们几乎不可能找到一种不犯错误的情形。

　　It's helpful to put yourself in a situation ______ you can see yourself differently.

　　A. that

　　B. when

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　D　句意：将你自己放在一个你能觉得自己的完全不同的境况之下，这是有好处的。先行词是situation，关系词在从句中作状语，因此用where。