解析：选D。本题考查动词的用法。句意为“我应该先做什么？”“说明书上说你应该首先把水和面粉仔细地搅拌好。”表示“……东西上说或写着……时”要用say 或read。如：The board says/reads，“Keep off the grass.”牌子上写着：“勿踏草地”。 知 能 强 化 训 练 本部分内容讲解结束 点此进入课件目录 按ESC键退出全屏播放 谢谢使用 【高效记忆】 5．完成句子 (1)—Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? —No，______________ (超出我们的射程)． 答案：it’s out of our range (2)他们刚到就看到一长排待售的汽车。 Upon their arrival，they saw ____________motors for sale. 答案：a large range of
即境活用 4.absorb vt. 吸收；接受，吸收(信息，思想，经验)；吸引(某人)的注意力，使全神贯注 【教材原句】(P20)Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a stable environment. 水可以吸收或放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此能创造一个稳定的环境。 absorb...from...从……中吸收…… absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in＝be lost in/be buried in/put one’s heart in 全神贯注于，专心于 思维拓展 ①I was absorbed in reading a book and didn’t hear you call me. 我正专心读书，没有听见你喊我。 ②(牛津P7)It’s a lot of information to absorb all at once. 要一下子消化这么多资料，真是很多。 ③(牛津P7)This work had absorbed him for several years. 这项工作曾使他沉迷了好几年。 ④Tom lay on the sofa，absorbed in his book. 汤姆躺在沙发上，专心致志地看书。 【高效记忆】 6．The water in the oceans also keeps the temperature of the earth steady by________and releasing heat. A．mixing
B．changing C．exchanging
D．absorbing 解析：选D。该句意为“海水通过吸收，释放热量保持地球的温度”。 即境活用 ①(牛津P520)People should decrease the amount of fat they eat. 人们应该减少脂肪的摄入量。 ②(牛津P520)The price of wheat has decreased by 15%. 小麦价格降低了15%。 ③The population of the village has decreased to 700. 该村的人口减少到了700人。 思维拓展 7．完成句子 Over the years，there ____________________(已增加) in the number of students in the country，but the number of school teachers is ___________(在减少)． 答案：has been an increase；on the decrease 即境活用 6.take advantage of 对……加以利用 【教材原句】(P20)Marine animals and plants take advantage of the density of water. 海洋动物和植物利用了水的密度的特性。 ①(牛津P29)She took advantage of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms. 她趁孩子们不在时收拾了他们的房间。 ②I hope that this library is fully taken advantage of. ＝I hope that full advantage is taken of this library. 我希望这座图书馆能被充分利用。 思维拓展 ③It would be to your advantage to attend this meeting. 参加这次会议对你有利。 ④Each of these systems has its advantages and disadvantages. 这些系统各有其优缺点。 ⑤The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who can not read them. 不读好书的人并不比不会读书的人优越。 8．Don’t be shy，boys！________ every possible chance to practice your spoken English and you are sure to make progress. A．Take advantage of
B．Pay attention to C．Let go of
D．Make fun of 解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。A项“利用；欺骗(某人)”；B项“注意”；C项“放手；松开”；D项“取笑”。句意：男孩们，不要害羞，利用所有可能的机会练习英语口语，你们一定会取得进步的。 即境活用 7.give off 发出(气味、光、热、声音等) ①These flowers give off a pleasant smell. 这些花散发出一阵清香。 ②The sun gives off light and heat that we need. 太阳发出我们所需的光和热。 思维拓展 ③(牛津P861)After a month their food supplies gave out. 一个月以后，他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。 ④(牛津P860)He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。 ⑤Liu Hulan would rather die than give in to the enemy. 刘胡兰宁死不屈服于敌人。 ⑥You ought to give up smoking；I gave it up last year. 你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。 9．Both my strength and money________，so we couldn’t visit the city any longer. A．give in
B．give off C．give out
D．give up 解析：选C。give out 用尽，用完。 即境活用 10.Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he________his own work and translated it into German. A．gave off
B．turned down C．took over
D．set aside
1.【教材原句】 (P20)Heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.热能就是物质升高一摄氏度所需要的能量。 【句法分析】 It takes...to do...是固定句式，可表示“做某事需要……”之意。 句型巧析 ①It takes wisdom to settle the quarrel between the two countries. 平息这两国间的争执需要智慧。 ②It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth. 说真话需要很大的勇气。 11．Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s what________to do anything well. A．one takesB．one is taken C．it takes
D．it is taken 解析：选C。此题考查it takes sth. to do...的变形。 即境活用 2.【教材原句】 (P20)If a substance has a higher density，say 5,000 kg/m3，it will not float on water. 如果某个物质有较高的密度，比方说是5000 kg/m3，那么它就不会浮在水面上。 【句法分析】 say (1)比方说；假定(在句中作插入语，这时，say不用于被动语态) ①What would you do if you got，say，a million dollars? 如果你得到一笔巨款，譬如说一百万美元，你会如何处理？ ②Say you have an accident, who would look after you? 假如你出了事故，谁来照顾你呢？ (2)(书、信、符号等)表示(信息或指示)(read也有此用法) ③The sign says/reads，“No smoking”． 告示牌上写着，“禁止吸烟”。 12．The fact that she never apologized________a lot about what kind of person she is. A．saysB．talks C．appears
D．declares 即境活用 解析：选A。句意：她从来不道歉这个事实说明了她是什么样的一种人。say的意思是“说明，表明”，say a lot about 也是一个短语，意思是“说明什么”，符合题意；talk的意思是“说话，谈话”，不符合句子内容；appear的意思是“看起来”，不合句意；declare的意思是“宣告，声称”，词义太大，明显不符合句子内容。 13．—What should I do first? —The instructions ________that you should mix flour with water carefully first. A．go
B．tell C．write
D．say 返回 Unit 13 The water planet 水体星球
重 点 难 点 研 析 知 能 强 化 训 练 Unit 13 基 础 知 识 自 采 核心词汇 1．The old building is ___________(独一无二的)because all the others like it have been destroyed. 2．I have quite a good___________(关系)with my parents. 3．Experts say that the time parents spend with their children is ____________(减少)． 4．This is a very____________(灵敏的)recorder—it picks up every word you say. 基 础 知 识 自 采 5．His poor eyesight was a ____________(不利条件)to him. 6．He was ____________(专心于)in his writing and didn’t notice me enter his room. 7．The teacher told us that salt water ____________ (结冰)at a lower temperature than fresh water. 8．The air in the forest is____________(清净的)and cleaner than that in the city. 9．用benefit 的适当形式填空： (1)I got a lot of ____________from learning a oreign language. (2)It is known to us that a good diet is ____________to our health. 10．用relate的适当形式填空： (1)China has good ____________with most countries in the world. (2)The report seeks to ____________ the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment. (3)His fear of people is deeply ____________ to his unhappy childhood. 1.unique 2.relationship 3.decreasing 4.sensitive 5.disadvantage 6.absorbed 7.froze 8.pure 9.(1)benefit (2)beneficial 10.(1)relationships (2)relate (3)related 高频短语 1．________________ 提出；想起 2．________________
从……中获益 3．________________
从……到……不等；在一定的范围(程度)内变化 4．________________
分解；打破；发生故障 5．________________
对……加以利用 6．________________
释放，放出 7．________________
对……敏感 8．________________
召集；打电话 9．________________
种类繁多的 10．________________
对……做出贡献 1．come up with 2.benefit from 3.range from...to 4．break down 5.take advantage of 6.give off 7.be sensitive to 8.call in 9.a variety of 10.contribute to 1．Heat capacity is the amount of energy
________________ the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade. 使某种物质升高1摄氏度所需的能量值叫比热。 2．The density of living creatures is
_______habitat on earth. (那里的)生物密度比任何其他栖息地的密度更大。 重点句式 3．The nutrients ________________quickly become available to other living creatures. 流入海洋里的任何营养物都会马上被其他生物所利用。 4．Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，________________. 水可以吸收或放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此能创造一个稳定的环境。 5．If a substance has a higher density，________5,000 kg/m3，it will not float on water. 如果某个物质有较高的密度，比方说是5,000 kg/m3，那么它就不会浮在水面上。 1.it takes to raise 2.higher than in any other 3.in whatever falls into the ocean 4.thus creating a stable environment 5.say 重 点 难 点 研 析 词汇精研 ①(陕西高考)I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity. 我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。 ②(上海高考)Many people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit. 许多人发现定期锻炼使他们受益匪浅。 ④(牛津P170)I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those who were absent last week. 我帮上星期缺席的人打印了些上课的笔记。 ⑤The new credit cards will be of great benefit to our customers. 新的信用卡将会对我们的顾客有极大的好处。 ⑥This is an agreement that will be beneficial to both parties. 这是一个对双方都有利的协议。 beneficial adj.有益的，有利的，受益的 be beneficial to...对……有益，有利 思维拓展 1．(2011年海淀一模)The new policy will__________the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge. A．discount
B．support C．approve
D．benefit 解析：选D。句意：这项新政策将使老年人受益很多，超过65岁的老年人可以免费乘坐公交车。discount 打折；support 支持；approve 赞成；benefit 使受益。 即境活用 2．完成句子 警告牌的设立是为了公众的利益。 The warning sign was put there ________________ the public. 答案：for the benefit of 2.sensitive adj. (常与to连用)敏感的；灵敏的；易受影响的 【教材原句】(P23)Unfortunately，this function also makes estuaries very sensitive to environmental pollution.不幸的是，这个作用也使河口对环境污染很敏感。 be sensitive to对……敏感 be sensitive about介意……，在乎…… ①(朗文P1856)My teeth are really sensitive to hot and cold. 我的牙齿对冷热非常敏感。
②She is sensitive to what people think of her. 她很敏感人们对她自己的看法。 ③She is very sensitive about her weight. 她很在乎别人说她胖。 3．(2009年高考江苏卷)Compared with his sister，Jerry is even more ________to，and more easily troubled by，emotional and relationship problems. A．sceptical B．addicted C．available
D．sensitive
即境活用 解析：选D。句意：Jerry和他的妹妹相比，情感和人际关系方面的问题更敏感，更容易被困扰。sceptical 怀疑的；addicted沉迷的；available(指物)可用的或可得到的；(指人)可会见的，可与之交谈的；sensitive敏感的，神经过敏的，易受伤害的。 4.The elderly need special care in winter, as they are________to the sudden changes of weather. A．sensitive
B．sensible C．flexible
D．positive 解析：选A。本题考查形容词词义辨析。sensitive “敏感的，灵敏的”，常构成短语be sensitive to “对……敏感，易受……影响”。根据题意“冬季老人需要特别的关爱，因为他们对天气的突然变化很敏感。”可知答案为A。
3.range 【教材原句】(P19)Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales. 海洋里的生物从最微小的浮游生物到巨大的动物，如鲨鱼和鲸鱼，都无所不包。 (1)n. 山脉；行列；范围；射程 ②(牛津P1637)It’s difficult to find a house in our price range. 在我们的价格范围以内，很难找到房子。 ③(牛津P1637)The child was now out of her range of vision. 这孩子已经走出她的视线。
(2)vi.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；涉及 vt.排列；归类于；使……并列 返回 1.benefit
【教材原句】(P18)Who benefits from using water in this way?
以这种方式用水，谁受益呢？
(1)vi.获益；得益于(后常接介词from/by)；vt.使……受益；对……有利
③The new railway will benefit the village people.＝The village people will benefit from the new railway.
新铁路将会对村民有益。
(2)n.优势；益处；成效
①(牛津P1637)There is a full range of activities for children.
这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。
④There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10
to 18.
有120名学生，年龄在10岁到18岁之间。
⑤The population of these cities ranges between 3 and 5 million inhabitants.
这些城市的人口在300万到500万之间。
5.decrease vi. 变小；减少
【教材原句】(P20)When water freezes，its density decreases.
当水凝固时，其密度就会下降。
④The number of car accidents is on the decrease/on the increase.
车祸的数量正在减少/在增加。
解析：选D。句意：爱因斯坦如此喜欢Bose的论文以至于他把自己手头的工作放置一边来把他的论文翻译成德语。set aside “放下，放置”，符合句意，故D项正确。