2017届高考英语二轮专题复习精品之
阅读理解
When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses．This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect．
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty" Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964．Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed （刺） by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help．The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans．As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments．
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility．Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．
Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is ambiguous．In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．
61．The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect because
a woman surnamed Genovese．
A．it somehow caused the murder of
B．its discovery resulted from the murder of
C．it was actually discovered by
D．it always makes people think of
62．Genovese was murdered
．
A．while she was going out B．in her apartment
C．halfway home
D．near her apartment
63．Which can NOT have been a possible reason for the neighbors NOT offering Genovese help?
A．They believed in the bystander effect．
B．They thought someone else might help her．
C．They didn't think they should help．
D．They didn't think she needed help．
64．Before deciding to offer help, observers may
, according to the psychologists．
A．wait for sort of a signal
B．hesitate and estimate the risk of getting hurt
C．want to be sure it's appropriate to react
D．wonder if the victim is worth helping
65．The article seems to suggest that, if there had been
observers, Genovese might not have been murdered．
A．no B．fewer C．more D．braver
1分，满分20分）
I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always tight, but we had a
36
over our heads, food on the table, clothes on our backs, and if not a lot, always
37
. Not knowing we were poor, my kids(孩子们) just thought I was
38
. I’ve always been glad about that.
It was Christmas time, and although there wasn’t
39
for a lot of gifts, we planned to celebrate with a family party. But the big
40
for the kids was the fun of Christmas
41
.
They planned weeks ahead of time, asking
42
what they wanted for Christmas. Fortunately, I had saved $120 for
43
to share by all five of us.
The big
44
arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and
45
them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered(散开). We had two hours to shop; then we would
46
back at the “Santa’s Workshop”.
Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits,
47
my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually
48
. She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies — fifty-cent candies! I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything
49
we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door,
50
to be angry again. This is what she told me.
“I was looking
51
thinking of what to buy, and I
52
to read the little cards on the ‘Giving Trees.’ One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she
53
for Christmas was a doll(玩具娃娃). So I took the card off the tree and
54
the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything.”
I never felt so
55
as I did that day.
36. A. roof
B. hat
C. sky
D. star
37. A. little
B. less
C. enough
D. more
38. A. busy
B. serious
C. strict
D. kind
39. A. effort
B. room
C. time
D. money
40. A. improvement
B. problem
C. surprise
D. excitement
41. A. shopping
B. travelling
C. parties
D. greetings
42. A. the other
B. each other C. one by one
D. every other one
43. A. toys
B. clothes
C. presents
D. bills
44. A. day
B. chance
C. cheque
D. tree
45. A. forced
B. reminded
C. invited
D. begged
46. A. draw
B. stay
C. move
D. meet
47. A. including
B. besides
C. except
D. regarding
48. A. quiet
B. excited
C. happy
D. ashamed
49. A. since
B. after
C. while
D. until
50. A. waiting
B. ready
C. hoping
D. afraid
51. A. out
B. over
C. forward
D. around
52. A. forgot
B. stopped
C. failed
D. hated
53. A. wanted
B. did
C. got
D. played
54. A. made
B. searched
C. bought
D. fetched
55. A. angry
B. rich
C. patient
D. bitter
任务型阅读（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的Robot revolution
The day that a robot wakes you up, cleans your room and walks your dog might still be a few decades off. But increasingly, engineers are saying that robots are going to make the leap from the factory floor to your family room.
Companies like Sony and General Electric are working on designs for small robots. Products like the Roomba, a robot that can clean floors, are flying off the shelves. On the cover of a recent issue of Scientific American magazine, Bill Gates predicted the “Dawn of the Age of Robots”.
What’s behind this new era (时代)? It’s partly a matter of technology. Devices that can recognize and respond to a human voice have been developed. There are now a few different ways for robots to move around. They can walk, crawl or ride on wheels. They are being made smaller and smaller. They are also becoming more and more energy efficient.
A bigger part of the story is on the demand side. From the day Robert Adler invented the television remote control in the 1950s, people around the world have tirelessly searched for ways to get lazier.
Also take into consideration the increasing wealth of rich people, the time appears ripe to introduce robots to ease our daily lives.
To be sure, robots that walk on two legs and talk like people are still too complex for our present engineering abilities. Today’s robot revolution is to make them for everyday use. Robots will do basic housework such as cleaning or gardening, or just help you have more fun on the basketball court.
What makes a robot different from an ordinary cleaning machine is not the presence of computer chips (芯片). Nowadays even your microwave has a computer chip. It is the ability to sense and make changes to the environment in real time.For example, a floor-cleaning robot should be able to sense your scared cat and move out of the way. Today’s computing ability is, for the first time, able to make machines that could “think”, at least in certain limited ways.
Robot Revolution
What today’s robot can do What (75) ____________ robot may do
＊recognize and (71) ____________ to your voice ＊talk like people
＊sense and make some changes to the
(76) ____________
＊work in the (72) ____________
＊(77) ____________ your dog
＊move around, like walking or
(73) ____________ on wheels ＊(78) ____________ your floor
＊(79) ____________ you up
＊think in some limited (74) ____________
＊(80) ____________ you on the basketball court
参考答案
阅读理解
61---65
BDACB
完形填空
36. A
37. C
38. C
39. D
40. D
41. A
42. B
43. C
44. A
45. B
46. D
47. C
48. A
49. D
50. B
51. D
52. B
53. A
54. C
55. B
任务型阅读
71. respond
72. factory 73. riding
74. ways
75. future’s /tomorrow’s 76. environment 77. walk
78. clean
79. wake 80. accompany