2017届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读能力培养精品系列（三十四）
完形填空
The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet(彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably__1__the southern half of the Earth.
__2__17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth's __3__ with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the __4__
part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of __5__. The sea __6__ and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread out from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African are totally destroyed and millions of people are__7__.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet __8___ in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are__9__ off in the Andes Mountains. The shock __10__move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely __11__by earthquakes. Millions of people in the __12__ half of the earth are already dead, __13__
the north won't be safe for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is __14__
by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world falls to almost zero. Crops are ruined.The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars __15__ as countries fight for __16__.A year later, no more than 10 million people remain __17__.
Could it really __18__？ In fact, it has already more than once in the history of the Earth. Science shows that the dinosaurs(恐龙)__19__on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of heavenly object. The dinosaurs couldn't live __20__ the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?
1．A.attack
B．hitC．beatD．damage
2．A.On
B．In
C．At
D．During
3．A.air
B．environment C．situation
D．atmosphere
4．A.rest
B．other
C．remaining
D．half
5．A.sound
B．light
C．earth
D．air
6．A.burns
B．destroys
C．harms
D．boils
7．A.dead
B．lost
C．killed
D．damaged
8．A.enters
B．comes
C．flies
D．lands
9．A.sent
B．set
C．caused
D．made
10．A.rocks
B．waves
C．earth
D．shakes
11．A.damaged
B．changed
C．ruined
D．injured
12．A.southern
B．northern
C．western
D．eastern
13．A.and
B．besides
C．but
D．so
14．A.colored
B．hidden
C．polluted
D．shut
15．A.come out
B．erupt
C．take place
D．break out
16．A.water
B．money
C．food
D．the earth
17．A.dead
B．injuredC．active
D．on the earth
18．A.be true
B．happen C．hit the earth
D．destroy the world
19．A.have been
B．had been
C．were
D．would be
20. A．for
B．through
C．with
D．on
阅读理解
A
A Plan For Exploring Mars
NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a longarmed lander on Mars' icy north pole to search for clues (线索) for water and possible signs of life.
The MYM386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008.The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples (标本，样品) to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of icerich soil near the arctic surface.
Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes(微生物)existed in the ice.
Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. “The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth，” Peter Smith said.
True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous(先前的) missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999.The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off prematurely,_causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction.
The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later.
1．The passage mainly tells readers that ________.
A．clues of water will be found in Phoenix
B．Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars
C．August 2007 will see Phoenix lift off
D．the Mars Scout program will be carried out
2．The underlined word “prematurely” (Paragraph 5) means “________”．
A．on time
B．behind the time
C．out of work
D．ahead of time
3．According to the passage, we know Phoenix will land on Mars ________.
A．in May 2008
B．in August 2007
C．in August 2008
D．in September 2008
4．According to the passage, the name “Phoenix” is after the meaning of ________.
A．rebirth
B．death
C．energy
D．hope
5．After Phoenix lands on Mars, we can infer it will firstly ________.
A．find soil samples and send them to the earth
B．look for the icy land to dig for the soil samples
C．take photos and send them to the earth
D．find the remains of the Mars Polar Lander
B
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星)which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圆形)．
Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解决，计算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more his thought that there had been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain thought to make a prediction(预言)of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley's comet, in his honour.
6．Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ______.
A．some different comets appearing several times
B．the same comet appearing at different times
C．three different comets appearing at the same time
D．several comets appearing at the same time
7．Halley made his discovery ______.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the working of other scientists
D．by chance
8．Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year______.
A．1704
B．1705
C．1706
D．1707
9．This passage in general is about ______.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
10．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of a round.
参考答案
1.解析：选B。彗星应该是“击中”地球，所以应该是hit。 beat意为反复的 “击打”。
2．解析：选A。有具体日期的时间短语前要用on。
3．解析：选D。彗星碎块进入“大气层”。所以应该是atmosphere。
4．解析：选D。该块彗星石的大部分已经燃烧，剩下的部分和地球相撞。rest不能作定语。只能说the rest of sth.。
5．解析：选A。以两百倍声速才符合科学常识。
6．解析：选D。大海沸腾起来，而不是燃烧起来。harm和destroy词义不符题意，另外也不能作不及物动词。
7．解析：选C。好几百万人丢了命。dead表示死亡状态；sb. be lost表示迷路。
8．解析：选D。另一块彗星降落在阿根廷境内。
9．解析：选B。句意为：火山和地震被引发。set sth. off引发某物剧烈发生。
10．解析：选B。shock waves冲击波。
11．解析：选C。这两座城市完全被毁灭。
12．解析：选A。第一段最后一句提示了两块彗星会击中南半球。
13．解析：选A。这前后两句应该为递进关系。
14．解析：选B。太阳被云层遮盖。
15．解析：选D。战争爆发应该用break out。
16．解析：选C。前句说“Crops are ruined”，所以国与国会为争夺粮食而战。
17．解析：选D。一年后地球上仅仅存留着一千万人。
18．解析：选B。此句意为“这种事情真的会发生吗”，而非“这种事情可能是事实吗”；因为it应该指这种事情，而不是该彗星，所以C、D两项都不对。
19．解析：选C。此句应为“恐龙曾经在地球上生活过1.6亿年”，并没有延续到现在，所以不能为现在完成时态；另外，shows是现在时态，所以答案也不能是过去完成时态。
20．解析：选B。恐龙不能“度过这样的气候”。