选修 8 * 1. With annual rainfall close to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert. 南极洲年降雨量几乎为零,严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。 2. A high mountain range, the Trans–Antarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two. 一条横贯南极洲的山脉,从东到西将南极洲分为两半。 重点句型 *
3. But the long Antarctica winter night,
which lasts for 182 days (the longest period of continuous darkness on earth ), as well as the extreme cold and lack of rainfall，means that few types of plants can survive there.
但是南极洲冬天的夜晚长达182天(地球上持续时间最长的黑暗时期),气候极度寒冷,降雨量极少,这意味着很少有植物能够在这里生存。 重点句型 *
4. Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世纪末,英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈,但他却从未发现任何陆地。 重点句型 *
1. But the long Antarctic winter night, which lasts for 182 days (the longest period of continuous darkness on earth), as well as the extreme cold and lack of rainfall, means that few types of plants can survive there.
但是南极洲冬天的夜晚长达182天(地球上持续时间最长的黑暗时期),气候极度寒冷,降雨量极少,这意味着很少有植物能够在这里生存。 句型探究 * which lasts for 182 days …为非限制性定语从句。which 指代前面的句子。 He changed his mind, which made all of us angry. 他改变了主意,这使得我们都很生气。 The students finished the work by themselves,
which was encouraging. 学生们独自完成了工作,真令人鼓舞。 句型探究 *
2. Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世纪末,英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈,但他却从未发现任何陆地。 句型探究 * (1)but前的句子是not…until…句式的倒装句，原句为：The British explorer James Cook didn't cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century. not until位于句首，句子要倒装。 not …until … 直到……才…… (2)在句型“主句＋ until/till ＋时间状语从句”中，应注意以下几点： ①主句中动词是非延续性动词，如leave, graduate, break 等时，必须用否定形式。 ②主句中动词是延续性动词，肯定、否定形式都可以，但注意意义完全不同。 句型探究 * We discussed the problem until he came back. 我们一直讨论这个问题直到他回来。 I will wait here until the concert is over. 我将一直在这儿等到音乐会结束。 Until he returns, nothing can be done. 他不回来什么也不能做。 Go straight on until you see a large building. 一直往前走，直到你看到一座大楼。
句型探究 * Not until the teacher came in did he stop playing the game. 直到老师进来他才停止玩游戏。 I didn’t learn to drive till I was thirty–three. 我直到33岁才学会开车。 句型探究 *