2017届高考英语一轮复习教案：6.3《A healthy life》（人教版选修6）

　　Unit 3　A healthy life

　　教 材 面 面 观

　　单词拓展

　　1.________n. & vt.滥用；虐待　________adj.骂人的；滥用的

　　2．________n．压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张　________adj.产生压力的；紧张的

　　3．________n．青少年adj.青春期的　________n．青春期

　　4．________adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的　________vt.使沉溺；醉心于　________n．沉溺；吸毒成瘾

　　5．________adj.无意识的；自动的　________adv.无意识地；自动地

　　6．________adj.精神的；智力的　________adv.精神上；智力上

　　7．________n．结果；效力　________adj.有效的；有力的　________adv.有效地；印象深刻地

　　8．________vt.加强；巩固；使坚强　vi.变强　________n．力量

　　9．________adj.绝望的；拼命的　________adv.令人绝望地；不顾一切地　________n．绝望；拼命

　　10．________adj.失望的；沮丧的　________vt.使失望；使沮丧　________n．失望；沮丧

　　11．________adj.不合法的；违法的　________adj.合法的

　　12．________n．偏见；成见

　　13．________n．流产；中途失败　________vi.流产；失败；夭折　________adj.流产的；(计划等)失败的

　　14．________adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的　________vt.使窘迫；使为难　________n．窘迫；尴尬　________adj.令人为难的；麻烦的

　　15．________adj.局促不安的；笨拙的　________adv.笨拙地；棘手地短语回顾1.due________由于……

　　2．be________to

　　习惯于……

　　3．feel________(doing)

　　想要(做)……

　　4．________risk

　　处境危险；遭受危险

　　5．have an________on

　　对……有影响

　　6．be________to

　　对……有瘾

　　7．decide________

　　对……作出决定

　　8．________is

　　也就是说

　　9．become________with

　　感染……

　　10．reach________for

　　接触；够着句型背诵1.It's amazing ________ at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.

　　在我这个年纪，依然很健康，能一下午骑二十公里，这是令人吃惊的。

　　2．I knew ________ was time to quit smoking.

　　我认识到是我要戒烟的时候了。

　　3．However，what I________know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.

　　然而我的的确确知道，我的女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。

　　4．________ ________you________ ________smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.

　　每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己，你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。

　　5．Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times________you finally stop smoking.

　　如果你非得经过几次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，不要沮丧。

　　自我诊断

　　单词拓展

　　1．abuse；abusive　2.stress；stressful　3.adolescent；adolescence　4.addicted；addict；addiction　5.automatic；automatically　6.mental；mentally　7.effect；effective；effectively　8.strengthen；strength　9.desperate；desperately；desperation　10.disappointed；disappoint；disappointment　11.illegal；legal　12.prejudice　13.abortion；abort；aborted　14.embarrassed；embarrass；embarrassment；embarrassing　15.awkward；awkwardly

　　短语回顾

　　1．to　2.accustomed　3.like　4.at　5.effect　6.addicted　7.on　8.that　9.infected　10.out

　　句型背诵

　　1．that　2.it　3.did　4.Every time；feel like　5.before

　　考 点 串 串 讲

　　重点单词1.mental adj.精神的；智力的

　　We should pay more attention to our mental health.

　　我们应该更注重心理健康。

　　His problem is mental, not physical.

　　他的问题是心理的而不是身体的。

　　Mental tension mainly appears in exams.

　　心理紧张主要出现在考试中。

　　●归纳延伸

　　mental age智力年龄

　　mental deficiency智力缺陷

　　mental hospital精神病院

　　mentality n．智力

　　mentally adv.智力上

　　即境活用

　　完成句子

　　①Although the old lady was physically weak, she was still ________ (智力上) strong.

　　②她十六岁，而智力年龄是五岁。

　　She is sixteen years old but has a ________ of five.

　　③哈克待了一下没有做事，心里左思右想，不知怎么才好。

　　Huck was silent for some time, engaged in a ____________.

　　答案：①mentally　②mental age　③mental struggle　

　　2．risk n．危险，风险　v．使冒险；冒……的风险

　　(1)at risk处于危险之中，冒风险

　　at the risk of...冒着……风险

　　at all risks无论冒什么风险

　　face/run risks/a risk冒险

　　take risks (a risk) to do冒险做……

　　(2)risk sth.以……为赌注

　　risk doing冒险做……

　　risk one's life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事

　　There was some risk that fire would break out again.

　　大火有再次烧起来的危险。

　　At the risk of showing my ignorance, how exactly does the Internet work?

　　也许我难免显得无知，可互联网到底是怎么工作的呢？

　　You have no right to take risks/a risk with other people's lives.

　　你没有权利拿别人的生命冒险。

　　If you go out without a raincoat, you risk getting wet, because it may rain.

　　如果你不带雨衣出去，你就要冒淋湿的风险，因为可能下雨。

　　●特别提醒

　　risk作动词时，其后不接动词不定式。即境活用单项填空

　　①If you tell him the truth, you will ________ hurting his feelings.

　　A．run a risk of　B．take a risk of

　　C．run the risk in

　　D．run the risk of

　　②He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk ________ the good opportunity.

　　A．to lose

　　B．losing

　　C．to be lost

　　D．being lost

　　答案：①D　②B　

　　3．abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)the abuse of/abuse power/position/drugs滥用权力/职位/毒品

　　(2)abuse one's eyes过度使用眼睛

　　He abused my confidence.

　　他辜负了我对他的信任。

　　I'm afraid the system is open to abuse.

　　恐怕这个制度容易使人滥用职权。

　　即境活用

　　单项填空

　　①It has been reported that some government leaders ________ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.

　　A．employ　B．abandon

　　C．abuse

　　D．overlook

　　②After the students ________ the gym equipment, they were forbidden to use it.

　　A．destroyed

　　B．ruined

　　C．abandoned

　　D．abused

　　答案：①C　②D　

　　4．ashamed adj.惭愧的；感到羞耻的/内疚的

　　I was ashamed of having lied to my mother.

　　我为自己对母亲撒谎感到内疚。

　　You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.

　　你撒这种谎应该感到羞耻。

　　I was too ashamed to tell her that I had failed.

　　我不好意思告诉她我不及格。

　　●用法拓展

　　be ashamed of(doing)sth.因(做了)某事而感到羞愧

　　be ashamed of sb./oneself对某人/自己感到羞愧

　　be ashamed to do sth.因难为情而不愿……

　　feel ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧

　　be ashamed that感到羞愧的是

　　●易混辨析

　　shame，ashamed与shameful

　　shame n．[U]羞愧；惭愧；[C]可耻的人或事；v.使蒙羞

　　ashamed adj.害羞的；羞耻的；羞愧的

　　shameful adj.可耻的

　　What a shame that you have to leave so early!

　　你必须这么早离开真遗憾！

　　What you did is very shameful.

　　你做的事真可耻。

　　He was called a shame to the school.

　　他被称为学校之耻。即境活用完成句子

　　①最后我哭了，我并不耻于承认哭过。

　　I cried in the end and I________.

　　②你应该为自己那样对待妹妹感到羞耻。

　　You ought to________your sister like that.

　　③巴里因为自己发脾气而感到很惭愧。

　　Baryr was ashamed________.

　　答案：①am not ashamed to admit it

　　②be ashamed of yourself treating

　　③that he had lost his temper

　　5．production n．生产；制造；演出；产品；总产量

　　The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in production.

　　战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。

　　We must increase production levels.

　　我们必须提高生产水平。

　　The production of the film cost twenty million US dollars.

　　这部影片的摄制耗资两千万美元。

　　●用法拓展

　　mass production大规模生产

　　product n．产品；产量；产物

　　produce vt.生产；创造；提出；上演　n．产量；产品；结果

　　producer n．生产者；制造者；演出人

　　productive adj.生产的；肥沃的；多产的

　　●易混辨析

　　production，produce与product

　　production是动词produce的名词形式，意为“生产，制造，产量”时，常用作不可数名词；意为“(艺术)作品，(研究)成果”时，既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。

　　produce和product既可指工业生产的产品，也可指农产品。指农产品，尤其是自然的产物时，如：水果、蔬菜等，多用produce；而指工业制成品时多用product，指奶制品也常用product。produce通常用作不可数名词；product既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。即境活用完成句子

　　①During the most________time in her career，she wrote five novels.

　　在她创作生涯中最多产的时期，她写了五本小说。

　　②The radios________could not find a market for them.

　　这些收音机制造商为他们的产品打不开销路。

　　答案：①productive　②producer　

　　6．accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的

　　He took his accustomed seat by the fire.

　　他在炉火边经常坐的座位上坐了下来。

　　●用法拓展

　　be accustomed to习惯于(表示状态)

　　become/get accustomed to习惯于(不延续的动作)

　　unaccustomed adj.不习惯的

　　accustom vt.(与介词to连用)使习惯于……；使适应……

　　be used to习惯于(状态)

　　get/become used to习惯于(动作)

　　It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.

　　我花了一段时间才逐渐适应了所有新规章制度。

　　You must accustom yourself to the new environment.

　　你必须使自己适应新的环境。

　　●温馨提示

　　在英语中，to有时为动词不定式符号，后跟动词原形；有时用做介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，accustomed to结构中的to为介词。即境活用单项填空

　　—Sorry to have kept you waiting.

　　—It doesn't matter.I'm accustomed to________.

　　A．wait　B．waiting

　　C．be waiting

　　D．have waited

　　答案：B

　　7．quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开；戒掉

　　quit的过去式、过去分词及现在分词分别为：quit，quit，quitting或quitted，quitted，quitting

　　●用法拓展

　　quit office离职

　　quit/stop/give up doing sth.停止做某事

　　get rid of...摆脱……

　　rid oneself of...使自己摆脱……

　　即境活用完成句子

　　Because of having no money，the poor boy had to________ ________(退学)．

　　答案：quit　school

　　重点短语

　　1.hope so希望如此

　　so表示“这样，如此”，可用来替代整个句子或某一情况的全部。常与动词think, expect, hope, believe, suppose, imagine, guess等及形容词afraid连用。

　　I suppose/think/imagine so等有两种否定形式：I don't suppose/think/imagine so或I suppose/think/imagine not。但是hope和afraid的否定形式通常只用I hope not或I'm afraid not。

　　①—Do you think we'll have good weather this weekend?

　　——你认为这周末天气会好吗？

　　—I don't suppose so./I suppose not.

　　——我想不会好的。

　　②—Is he seriously ill?

　　——他病得很重吗？

　　—I'm afraid so.

　　——恐怕是的。

　　●特别提醒

　　(1)倒装结构“so＋助动词＋主语”表示前句中的肯定情况，也适用于另一人或物。

　　(2)“so＋主语＋助动词”表示对前文提及的情况表示赞同。

　　(3)“主语＋do/did＋so”表示该句中的主语确实做了前文的动作。即境活用单项填空

　　—You haven't lost the ticket, have you?

　　—________. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment.

　　A．I hope notB．Yes, I have

　　C．I hope so

　　D．Yes, I'm afraid so

　　答案：A　

　　2．due to因为；由于

　　His absence was due to the storm.

　　他的缺席是因为暴风雨。

　　Most of the problems were due to human error.

　　多数问题都是人为错误造成的。

　　Accidents due to driving at high speed were very common that weekend.

　　在那个周末因高速驾驶造成的交通事故很多。

　　●用法拓展

　　due to sb.应支付……，应给予……，欠下

　　due to do sth./due for sth.预定/约定……

　　in due time在适当的时候

　　in due form用适当的形式

　　The flight from Boston is due at 930.

　　从波士顿来的航班应于9点30分到达。

　　The meeting isn't due to start until three.

　　会议预定到3点钟才开始。

　　I'm due for a pay rise soon.

　　不久就该给我加工资了。

　　●易混辨析

　　because of，due to，owing to与thanks to

　　这四个短语都有“由于”、“因为”的意思，都是介词短语，因此后面不可接从句。

　　(1)because of只能用作状语。如：

　　We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback.

　　我们决不可因为这样一个小小的挫折就灰心丧气。

　　(2)due to一般只用作表语。如：

　　This accident was due to his carelessness.

　　这场事故是由于他的粗心引起的。

　　(3)owing to既可以用作状语，也可以用作表语，平常多用于前一种情况，它引导的状语必须是修饰全句的，因为严格来讲应用逗号和主句分开。如：

　　They decided to postpone the trip，owing to the change of the weather.

　　由于天气变化，他们决定延期起程。

　　(4)thanks to只能用作状语，可以表达正面意思“幸亏”，也可用于讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感谢”)。如：

　　Thanks to your advice，much trouble was saved.

　　幸亏有你的主意，省了许多麻烦。

　　Thanks to the bad weather，the match had been put off.

　　多亏这倒霉的天气，比赛推迟了。即境活用单项填空

　　①The accident was________his careless driving.

　　A．due to

　　B．because

　　C．because of

　　D．both A and C

　　②________the door，he was saved.Which is WRONG?

　　A．Due to

　　B．Thanks to

　　C．Owing to

　　D．Because of

　　答案：①D　②A　

　　3．in spite of不顾；不管；尽管

　　They went out in spite of the rain.

　　尽管下着雨，他们还是出去了。

　　In spite of all his efforts，he failed.

　　他已竭尽全力，但仍然失败了。

　　●用法拓展

　　despite＝in spite of＋名词　尽管

　　out of spite出于恶意

　　despite the fact that不管……

　　in regard to＝with regard to不考虑；不顾及

　　regardless不管；不顾

　　regardless of不顾，不惜

　　Kelly loved her husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much.

　　凯利爱她的丈夫尽管他喝酒太多。

　　Although/Though/Even though well all tried our best，we lost the game.

　　虽然我们已尽了最大的力量，但还是输了。

　　The law requires equal treatment for all，regardless of race，religion，or sex.

　　这一法律要求公平对待每一个人，不管人种、宗教信仰或性别。

　　●温馨提示

　　despite与in spite of分别为介词和介词短语，其后接名词或动名词；though与although为连词，其后接从句。即境活用单项填空

　　I admire those people.________having little money，they feel happy and satisfied.

　　A．With

　　B．Because of

　　C．Instead of

　　D．In spite of

　　答案：D

　　4．get(sb.)into...陷入……；染上(坏习惯)；进入……

　　I'm sorry I got you into trouble with the teacher.

　　很抱歉，我让你跟老师发生了纠纷。

　　He got himself into the habit of smoking.

　　他染上了吸烟的习惯。

　　●用法拓展

　　get into trouble陷入麻烦

　　get into the habit of...染上……的习惯

　　get into panic陷入恐慌

　　get(sth.)across(to sb.)(使某事为人)理解

　　get along/on with进展；相处

　　get back回来；返回

　　get around/about四处走动

　　get across(使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚

　　get away逃脱；离开

　　get down to认真工作

　　get together相聚；聚集

　　get over爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈

　　get through穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话；经历

　　He used to be afraid of heights but he has got over that now.

　　过去他恐高但现在他克服了。

　　The business went worse and worse soon and he got into debt.

　　生意越来越糟，很快他负债累累。

　　A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.

　　微笑可以帮助我们在一个到处是陌生人的世界里渡过难关找到朋友。

　　The professor often gets across the questions which are difficult to understand.

　　这位教授经常能把很难理解的问题讲清楚。

　　●温馨提示

　　①get into作“陷入”讲时，指进入某种特殊状态，如get into debt负债；get into trouble/a rage/a temper惹上麻烦/发怒/发脾气。

　　②get into作“养成做某种事的习惯；学做某事之常规”讲时，常形成get into the way/habit/routine of doing sth.结构，学做某事的方法/养成做某事的习惯/学做某事之常规。即境活用单项填空

　　He has________the habit of turning on the computer as soon as he comes back from work.

　　A．got in

　　B．got down to

　　C．got into

　　D．got on to

　　答案：C

　　5．take risks冒险(＝take a risk)

　　●用法拓展

　　at risk＝in danger在危险中

　　at the risk of...＝at risk to冒……的危险；不顾……之风险

　　at one's own risk自担风险

　　run/take the risk of...冒……的危险

　　risk doing sth.冒险做某事

　　risk sth.以……作赌注

　　risk it冒风险试试

　　●特别提醒

　　risk作为动词其后不能接不定式。即境活用单项填空

　　①If you tell him the truth，you________hurting his feelings.

　　A．run a risk of

　　B．take a risk of

　　C．run the risk in

　　D．run the risk of

　　②He got well­prepared for the job interview，for he couldn't risk________the good opportunity.

　　A．to lose

　　B．losing

　　C．to be lost

　　D．being lost

　　答案：①D　此处为take/run the risk of doing sth.“冒险做某事，冒……之险”的意思。

　　②B　risk意为“冒险”，后接v.­ing形式作宾语，同时此处为主动，所以用losing。

　　6．stand for代表，象征；支持，主张

　　The letters PO stand for post office or postal order.

　　PO两个字母代表邮局或邮政汇票。

　　Before we elect her to be headmaster, we want to know what she stands for.

　　我们在选她当校长之前，想知道她的主张是什么。

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)stand by在旁边；靠近；援助，支持

　　(2)stand out醒目，显眼；出类拔萃

　　(3)stand still停顿；站着别动

　　(4)stand up起立；持久；露头角

　　(5)stand up to勇敢地面对，抵抗；经得起

　　(6)stand (doing) sth. 忍受做某事

　　(7)stand against靠在……；抵抗，反抗

　　(8)stand aside靠边；站开；袖手旁观

　　(9)stand back退后；靠后站

　　(10)stand on one's own feet独立；自主谋生

　　What does“PTO” stand for?

　　“PTO”代表什么？

　　Ruth stands out because she is so lovely.

　　鲁思很突出，因为她长得那么可爱。

　　Don't just stand by, can't you lend a hand?

　　别袖手旁观，你不能帮一下忙吗？

　　This cloth is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear.

　　这种面料十分耐用。

　　●特别提醒

　　stand for作“代表，象征”讲时，当单独的几个字母作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；当几个字母前类似the letters充当主语时，谓语动词用复数。即境活用单项填空

　　I'm afraid the statement in the newspaper won't ________ racial harmony.

　　A．make for　B．care for

　　C．stand for

　　D．reach for

　　答案：A　

　　7．decide on/upon对……作出决定，选定

　　●用法拓展

　　(1)decide

　　(2)It is decided that...决定……

　　(3)decision n．决心，决定

　　make/take a decision作出决定

　　(4)决定做某事

　　Tina's decided to go to Prague for her holidays.

　　蒂娜已决定去布拉格度假。

　　I can't decide what to do.

　　我不知道该做什么。

　　What was it that finally decided you to give up your job?

　　是什么使你最终决定放弃工作的？

　　I'm eighteen now—I have a right to decide my own future.

　　我现在18岁了——有权决定自己的未来。

　　●易混辨析

　　decide sth.与decide on sth.

　　①decide sth.意为“决定某事”。

　　②decide on/upon sth.意为“就某事作出决定或选定某事”。

　　Decide on a day to quit smoking.

　　选定戒烟日。

　　I've the right to decide my own business.

　　我有权决定个人事务。即境活用单项填空

　　They ________ the date of National Day for their wedding, which is a holiday.

　　A．decidedB．decided to

　　C．decided on

　　D．decided for

　　答案：C　

　　8．be addicted to对……有瘾；沉溺于；嗜好

　　Now many kids are addicted to playing net games.

　　现在许多孩子都沉溺于网络游戏。

　　He got addicted to poetry and hoped one day to be a poet himself.

　　他沉溺于诗歌，希望有一天自己成为诗人。

　　Helen drinks ten cups of coffee every day; I think she is addicted to it.

　　海伦每天要喝10杯咖啡，我想她是上瘾了。

　　●归纳延伸

　　addictive adj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的

　　addiction n．成瘾；入迷

　　addicted adj.有瘾的；对……痴迷

　　addicted 不能用作定语，主语必须是有行为能力的人或动物，有被动含义。

　　addictive 可作定语或表语，作定语时，被修饰词通常指事物；作表语时，主语一般是事物，有主动含义。即境活用翻译句子

　　①吸烟的人容易对尼古丁上瘾。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　完成句子

　　②布鲁斯这时十二岁了，喜欢历史就像着了魔。

　　Bruce, now twelve, revealed himself as a history ________.

　　答案：①Smokers who inhale are likely to become addicted to nicotine.

　　②addict　

　　9．feel like (doing) sth.想要做某事

　　I feel like going to fish this afternoon.

　　今天下午我想去钓鱼。

　　I feel like (having) a drink.

　　我想喝杯酒。

　　Do you feel like taking a walk?

　　你要不要去散步？

　　●归纳延伸

　　feel like(指人)意欲想要做某事，后跟名词或动名词，相当于want或would like，与enjoy有区别，enjoy doing指惯常的爱好，而feel like指一次性的动作。

　　feel like还有两个含义：觉得好像，摸起来像……；感觉好像是……

　　It feels like silk.

　　它摸起来像绸缎。

　　It feels like rain.

　　好像要下雨了。即境活用完成句子

　　①如果你愿意，我们去散散步。

　　We'll go for a walk if you ________________________________________________________________________.

　　②我拿的这样东西摸起来像是土豆。

　　I'm holding something that________________________________________________________________________.

　　③好像是要下雪了。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①feel like it　②feels like a potato　③It feels like snow.　

　　重点句式

　　1.Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?

　　你认为什么原因使一些成年人开始吸烟？

　　do you think在句中作插入语。这种句式也可叫双重疑问句。其构成有两种情况：

　　(1)作主语的疑问词＋do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋谓语部分

　　(2)非主语的疑问词＋do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest＋主语＋谓语部分

　　Which film do you think will win the 63rd Venice Golden Lion?

　　你认为哪一部电影会赢得第63届威尼斯艺术节金狮奖？

　　When do you suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem?

　　你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？即境活用单项填空

　　①He made another wonderful discovery，________of great importance to science.

　　A．which I think is

　　B．which I think it is

　　C．which I think it

　　D．I think is

　　②________be sent to work there?

　　A．Who do you suggest

　　B．Who do you suggest that should

　　C．Do you suggest who should

　　D．Do you suggest whom should

　　答案：①A　②A　

　　2．As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.

　　你知道，如果你反复地做同一件事，你就会开始自动地做它。

　　as/which引导非限制性定语从句。

　　由as，which引导的非限制性定语从句，as和which这两个关系代词都可指主句所表达的整个意思，相当于and this或and that，并且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有：as引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

　　As we know，smoking is harmful to one's health.

　　众所周知，吸烟对健康有害。

　　The sun heats the earth，which is very important to us.

　　太阳让地球变暖，这对我们来说很重要。即境活用单项填空

　　①________is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month.

　　A．That

　　B．It

　　C．Which

　　D．As

　　②The result of the experiment was very good，________we hadn't expected.

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．what

　　③________is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

　　A．Which

　　B．As

　　C．That

　　D．It

　　答案：①D　②C　③B　

　　3．It's amazing that at my age I still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.

　　在我这个年纪，依然很健康，能一下午骑车二十公里，这是令人吃惊的。

　　句中it用作形式主语，而把真正的主语放到后面。真正的主语往往是不定式短语、动名词短语或主语从句。如：

　　It is not easy to finish the work in two days.

　　两天内完成这项工作不是很容易。

　　It is surprising that she should say so.

　　她竟然这么说，真令人惊讶。

　　It's necessary that you should be present at the meeting.

　　你有必要参加会议。

　　●用法拓展

　　It is＋形容词＋that从句，真正的主语是that从句。常见的用it作形式主语的复合句结构还有：

　　①It is a fact(a shame/a pity/no wonder...)that...

　　②It is said(reported/decided/suggested...)that...

　　③It seems(happened/doesn't matter/has turned out...)that...

　　It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.

　　据说又一颗地球卫星被送入了轨道。

　　It happened(so happened)that he met his teacher in the street.

　　他碰巧在街上遇到了他的老师。

　　It seems that he will be back in a few days.

　　他好像过几天就会回来。即境活用单项填空

　　________felt funny watching myself on TV.

　　A．One

　　B．This

　　C．It

　　D．That

　　答案：C　本题考查it用法。句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是watching myself on TV。

　　4．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.

　　我真的希望这样，因为我愿你活得跟我一样长久健康。

　　(1)do在句中起强调动词的作用，意为“的确”，还可用does与did来强调动词。

　　He did come to see you.

　　他的确来看过你。

　　He does sing well.

　　他的确唱得很好。

　　(2)as＋adj.＋as是as...as引导状语从句的常用结构，在第一个as前还可以加倍数。

　　She is not as nice as her sister.

　　她不像她姐姐那样好。

　　This is twice as big a house as mine.

　　这所房子是我的两倍大。即境活用单项填空

　　①Americans eat ________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.

　　A．more than twiceB．as twice as many

　　C．twice as many as

　　D．more than twice as many

　　②What a table! I've never seen such a thing before. It is ________ it is long.

　　A．half not as wide as

　　B．wide not as half as

　　C．not half as wide as

　　D．as wide as not half

　　翻译句子

　　③教学是科学，也是艺术。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：①D　②C

　　③Teaching is as much an art as it is science.　

　　5．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non­smoker.

　　每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。

　　each/every time可以用来引导时间状语从句。表示经常性的动作，“每次”的意思。该从句中也用一般时态代替将来时。

　　Each time we made mistakes in our homework，he would ask us to correct them.

　　每当我们在作业中出错，他总是要我们改正。

　　Every time he calls，I'm out.

　　他每次打电话来，我都不在家。

　　He brings me some flowers every time he comes to see me.

　　他每次来看我都给我带花来。

　　●用法拓展

　　英语中起连词作用的名词词组还有：

　　the first/last time，next time；any time，the moment/instant/minute；the day等。

　　此外还有directly，instantly，immediately等也可用来引导时间状语从句。

　　He loved her the first time he saw her.

　　他第一次见到她就爱上她了。

　　Next time you come here，please bring your photos.

　　下次你来的时候请把你的照片带来。

　　We hadn't met for 20 years but I recognized him the moment I saw him.

　　我们二十年没有见面了，但是我一见他就认出他来了。

　　The machine will start directly you press the button.

　　一按按钮机器就会运转。

　　He telephoned me immediately he got there.

　　他一到那就给我打了电话。

　　●温馨提示

　　注意：for the first time“第一次”；at the moment“此刻；现在”，在句中只能作状语，而不能用做连词。

　　He had impressed me the first time I met him.

　　我第一次见到他，他就给我留下了印象。

　　I lost my way in the building for the first time.

　　我第一次在大楼里迷路了。即境活用单项填空

　　①—How should I deal with new words in reading?

　　—Well，you'd better not stop________you come to a word or phrase you don't know.

　　A．every time

　　B．the time

　　C．a time

　　D．one time

　　②As long as I can remember，________I called，my son would answer.

　　A．before

　　B．while

　　C．until

　　D．any time

　　答案：①A　②D　

　　知 能 层 层 练

　　一、单项填空

　　1．I tried to persuade him not to use the medicine because it had little________on his illness.

　　A．affect

　　B．effect

　　C．result

　　D．function

　　答案：B

　　解析：have an effect on...“对……有影响/有效果”，为固定搭配，此处指药对疾病无任何效果。

　　2．—Do you feel like________there or shall we take a bus?

　　—I'd like to walk，but since there is not much time left，I would rather we________a taxi.

　　A．to walk；take

　　B．walking；took

　　C．to walk；took

　　D．walking；take

　　答案：B

　　解析：feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，为固定搭配；would rather后接从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，表示与现在的情况相反时，谓语动词用一般过去时。

　　3．Competition，they believe，________the national character rather than corrupts it.

　　A．limits

　　B．confirms

　　C．impairs

　　D．strengthens

　　答案：D

　　解析：strengthen“(使)变强/加强”，与题干中的corrupt相对应，符合题意。

　　4．My rent isn't________till next month，so I will have some extra money this month.

　　A．due

　　B．enough

　　C．cost

　　D．spent

　　答案：A

　　解析：due“到期的”符合题意。

　　5．At first，I felt amazed about his behaviour，but now I am________to his strange way of acting.

　　A．familiar

　　B．similar

　　C．accustomed

　　D．addicted

　　答案：C

　　解析：grow/be accustomed to“(变的)习惯于”，符合题意。

　　6．The law protects equal rights for all citizens，________race，religion or sex.

　　A．in case of

　　B．in spite of

　　C．as a result of

　　D．on account of

　　答案：B

　　解析：in spite of“尽管；不管”，符合题意。in case of“以防，万一”；as a result of“由于……的原因”；on account of“由于”。

　　7．—I felt really________not to have got that job.

　　—Don't worry.Maybe something better will come along.

　　A．disappointed

　　B．proud

　　C．troubled

　　D．undefeated

　　答案：A

　　解析：由对方劝话可知没有得到那份工作“我”是很失望的。

　　8．—We need a person badly to design a new type of microcomputer.

　　—________the young man have a try?

　　A．Shall

　　B．May

　　C．Should

　　D．Need

　　答案：A

　　解析：shall可用于主语为第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见。

　　9．They couldn't run the________of letting an incredible person take charge of the factory.

　　A．risk

　　B．danger

　　C．chance

　　D．trouble

　　答案：A

　　解析：run the risk of...“冒……的危险”，其余选项不与动词run搭配。

　　10．—You________getting a ticket.

　　—Yes，but I didn't notice the road sign when I was turning the corner.

　　A．should avoid

　　B．could have avoided

　　C．must have avoided

　　D．might avoid

　　答案：B

　　解析：could have done表示“本能够做某事实际上却没做”。

　　二、用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1．After a ________ week of work, all the employees were extremely ________ and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under ________.(stress)

　　2．Playing computer games is highly ________. Once you get ________ to it, you will find it hard to get rid of it. Now, Henry, one of my classmates is fighting his ________ to the games.(addict)

　　3．As a ________， he has good ________ and never ________ a person by his appearance.(judge)

　　4．Doing any ________ things will be protected in China, while doing anything ________ will be punished.(legal)

　　5．The son was ________ to hurt his old mother in such a ________ way and came to beg her pardon.(shame)

　　6．When I saw a car rushing towards me at a high speed, I jumped aside ________. It was my ________ action that saved my life.(automatic)

　　7．Timely repairs are necessary to ________ the bridge.(strength)

　　8．The young man is very strong physically, but weak ________(mental)．

　　答案：1.stressful; stressed; stress　2.addictive; addicted; addiction　3.judge; judgement; judges　4.legal; illegal

　　5．ashamed; shameful　6.automatically; automatic

　　7．strengthen　8.mentally

　　三、用适当的介词填空

　　1．When I was ________ your age, I did not live as rich and happy a life as you do.

　　2．The reason he gave ________ not coming to the meeting was that his car had broken down halfway.

　　3．My little girl was ________ pain because her bad tooth was pulled out.

　　4．What's your room number, please? And ________ the way, could I have a look at your room card?

　　5．The trucks are doing great damage ________ the roads.

　　6．The patient reached ________ the glass on the table but could not get it.

　　7．Failing in exams is nothing to be ashamed ________ if you have tried your best.

　　答案：1.at　2.for　3.in　4.by　5.to　6.for　7.of

　　四、选用方框内合适的短语并用其适当形式填空

　　1．Let's put our heads together and ________ a plan of action.

　　2．________ what you say, I still believe the boy is honest.

　　3．He is a person ________ sleeping very late every night.

　　4．Lily doesn't ________ going to the party, but she doesn't know how to refuse the invitation.

　　5．He realized that the police might find him out but decided to ________.

　　6．You should ________ the routine of saving the document you are working on every 5 minutes.

　　7．We must stop these bad words; the firm's reputation is ________.

　　8．The company's problems are ________ a mixture of bad luck and poor management.

　　答案：1.decide on　2.In spite of　3.accustomed to　4.feel like　5.take a risk　6.get into　7.at risk　8.due to

　　写 作 点 点 金

　　写作专题指导十二　看图作文技巧点拨根据图画提示看图作文是英语高考书面表达经常采用的形式，此外，看图作文可培养学生的观察理解能力和语言的实际运用能力。

　　从内容上看，看图作文可以写人，记事，也可议事。从文体上看，看图作文可以是记叙文、说明文、议论文，也可以是应用文。