阅读理解- 人类与动物的和谐发展
链接1．（2017全国卷1）
Honey(蜂蜜) from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest(巢)and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.
e honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax(蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this max, which is deep inside the bee’s nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person ad it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.
【考点】说明文
【文章大意】短文介绍了一种特别的鸟类，它获取食物的方式与其他鸟类不同。
56. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?
A. It's small in size.
B. It's hidden in trees.
C. It's covered with wax.
D. It's hard to recognize.
56.【答案】B
【试题解析】从短文第1段可知，蜂巢高高挂在树上，以至于难以发现。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【难度】容易
57. What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A bee.
B. A bird.
C. A honey seeker.
D. A beekeeper.
57.【答案】C
【试题解析】短文划线词前面提到，这种鸟能够把寻找蜂蜜的动物或者人引到有蜂巢的地方。由此来判断，C选项与划线词的意思相符。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
58. The honey guide is special in the way_·
A. it gets its food
B. it goes to church
C. it sings in the forest
D. it reaches into bees' nests
链接2. （2017重庆卷）
In his 1930 essay “Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren “, John Keynes, economist, rewrote that human needs fall into two classes: absolute needs ,which are indeed what other have , and relative needs ,which make us feel superior to our fellows. He thought although relative needs may indeed be insatiable (无止境的) this is not true of absolute
Keynes was surely correct that only a small part of total spending id decided by the super- iority He was greatly mistaken, however, in seeing this derive as the only source of demands
Decisions to spend are also driven by ideas of quality which can influence the den almost all goods, including even basic goods like food. When a couple goes out for an dinner, for example, the thought of feeling superior to others probably never comes to them. The goal is to share a special meal that stands out from other meals.
There are no obvious limits to the escalation of demand for quality. For example, Porsche famous car producer, has a model which was considered perhaps the best sport car on the mark Priced at over $120,000,it handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration. But in 200 the producer introduced some changes which made the model slightly better in handling acceleration. People who really care about cars find these small improvements exciting. To them, however, they must pay almost four times the price.
【试题解析】短文第段提到“He thought although relative needs may indeed be insatiable (无止境的) this is not true of absolute”。由此可知，C选项内容与此相符。因此，正确答案为C选项。
【难度】一般
73. What do we know about the couple in Paragraph 3?
A. They want to show their superiority
B. They find specialty important to meals
C. Their demands for food are not easily satisfied.
D. Their choice of dinner is related to ideas of quality.
73.【答案】D
【试题解析】短文第3段提到“The goal is to share a special meal that stands out from other meals.”。由此可知，这对夫妇出去就餐的只是改善一下。在四个选项中，D选项内容与此相符。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【难度】一般
74.What does the underlined word “escalation” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Understanding.
B. Increase
C. Difference
D. Study
74.【答案】B
【试题解析】根据短文，人们对于质量的需要呈上升的趋势，由此可推测划线词的词义与B选项的词义相符。因此，正确答案为B选项。
【难度】一般
75. The author of the passage that ______.
A. absolute needs have no limits
B. demands for quality are not insatiable
C. human desires influence ideas of quality
D. relative needs decide most of our spending
75.【答案】A
【试题解析】浏览全文，短文主要探讨的是绝对需要无止境，A选项与此相符。因此，正确答案为A选项。
·专项训练Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger.
Dodo
The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. It lived off fruit fallen from the island's trees and lived unthreatened until humans arrived in 1505. The easily controlled bird .The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and last one was killed in 1681.
Rhinos
The Rhino（犀牛）horn is a highly priced item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers（偷猎者）.
The Giant Panda
The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain. As few as 1000 remain in the wild． ③The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made poaching them punishable with 20 years in prison.
Whales
The International Whaling Commission is fighting to ensure the survival of the whale species. Despite the fact that one-third the world's oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries（保护区）, 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangeredTigers
The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5000 and 7000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tigers’ bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.
B. The panda's black and white patched coat
C. The Rhino horn and tigers’ bones and organs
D. The Dodo’s delicious meat
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The number of South China tigers has reached crisis point.
B. Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity.
C. People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.
D. The Whale is the representing mark for the World Wildlife Fund．
. What is the best title for the passage?
A. What caused the animals to go extinct?
B. Animal are different
C. Weak Animals
D.
Extinct Animals
B
At the beginning of the 20th century there were more than a million lions worldwide. Today there are less than 30,000 in the wild. The remaining lions are increasingly thre
One man said that in the past, when a lion killed cattle, they killed it on the spot. And now, after the start of the program, the Masai see the lion population growing. Since 2003, only four lions have been killed here. 1. What is this passage mainly about? A. The wildlife in the world. B. Lions and the Masai. C. The reason why lions are killed. D. The living ways of the Masai. 2. What is the aim of the Predator Compensation Program? A. To protect people in the wild. B. To help the Masai protect their farms and cattle. C. To protect lions only. D. To protect the wildlife. 3. Masai tribesmen killed lions before 2003 _______. A. because lions were dangerous for people there B. because dead lions were worth a lot of money C. because they wanted lions’ meat D. because they wanted to protect their farms and cattle 4. According to the passage, why haven’t Masai tribesmen killed many lions since 2003? A. Because lions don’t eat their cattle any more. B. Because they will be fined if they kill lions there. C. Because if a lion kills their cattle, they will be paid for the dead animals from the fund. D. Because there are less than 30,000 lions in the wild now. 5. What do you think of the Masai? A. Reasonable. B. Cruel. C. Poor. D. Stupid.
C
It was windy and cold when a store owner was sticking a sign above his door that
The store owner countered, "You really don't want to buy this little dog. He is never going to be able to run and jump and play with you like the other puppies.'
⑤On hearing this, the little boy reached down and rolled up his leg to reveal a badly twisted, crippled left leg supported by a big metal brace. He looked up at the store
owner and softly replied, "Well, I don't run so well myself and the little puppy will need someone who understands!”
1. Why does the shop owner stick the sign?
A. To advertise all his goods.
B. To attract little children.
C. To warn about the danger of dogs.
D. To keep the wind out.
2.Why did the boy become excited when he knew the dog was lame'?
A. Because he could buy it at a low price.
B. Because he didn't have enough money for a good one.
C. Because he had the similar disability .
D. Because he found a partner to share his sadness.
3. If the boy bought the dog , he would pay for it _________.
A. in 15 months
B. in 3 months
C. in 1 year
D. at that time
4. The underlined word “countered” can be replaced by _________
A. agreed
B. insisted
C. calculated
D. disproved5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The store owner was cheating the boy by selling him a disabled dog.
B. The boy was glad to hear that he could get dog for free.
C. The little dog would be happy with the care of the boy.
D. The writer told us a sad story about the disabled.
·答案速递
A 篇： 1. A 推测题。从文章中的“flightless, lived off fruit fallen from the trees, easily controlled”等这些词中可推测出Dodo鸟缺少保护自己的能力。
. D 细节归纳题。根据文章第二段的“The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and last one was killed in 1681”一句可判断Dodo是灭绝的动物之一，再根据最后一段中的“The Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct”一句可得出其他几种。
. C 细节理解题。文章的第三段和最后一段提到“犀牛角和虎骨及器官”有很高的药用价值。
. D判断题。从第四段中的“The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain. ”一句可得出“世界野生动物基金”的图案标记是“大熊猫”，而不是“鲸”。
. B
主旨大意题。本文主要讲的就是濒临灭绝的几种动物，因此答案为D。
B 篇1. B。通读全文可知，因为狮子经常吃掉Masai人的牲口，所以Masai人杀死狮子从而导致狮子的数量减少，在“捕食性动物补偿计划”实施之后，Masai人得到了补偿所以不再杀害狮子，所以文章主要是关于Masai人与狮子之间的关系。 . D。本文虽然主要谈论了“捕食性动物补偿计划”怎样保护狮子，但该计划并非只是为了保护狮子。第四段中的 We’re trying to find ways in which the wildlife will become something useful to them. 说明“捕食性动物补偿计划”是为了保护所有野生动物的。 D；而由Just as he expected, soon a little boy appeared by the store owner’s sign.也能印证挂牌子的作用是“吸引儿童来买宠物”，故选B。
2. C。孩子听到这个小狗是个残疾，结合自己的经历和遭遇，他好像找到了自己的知己，由此孩子感到了自己的责任和理解帮助它的义务，由此感到兴奋。文章最后也揭示了孩子这一心理活动。
3. A。由于孩子只带了$2.50，而小狗的价格在文章开始时就提到了，每只$10，既然孩子要全价买下来，那当时是不能付清的；他答应每月还50 cents，那剩下的$7.5还要15个月就能简单的推算出来了。
4. D。根据文章的语境，尤其是店主在此说的话，表明他不相信也不愿意让孩子买这只小狗，选项中只有disproved表示“反驳”。
5. C。选项对包括作者在内的四个人物的行为做了推断。店主一再申明该宠物是个残疾，并不想卖给他，所以没有欺骗孩子；孩子不愿意被送给这个礼物，所以排除B；这个故事叙述了孩子天真、友善的动人故事，并没有重点描述孩子和小狗的残疾与痛苦，所以不是什么悲惨的故事。而通过孩子的话语和行为我们可以推断孩子十分喜爱和同情小狗，他也十分理解它的痛苦，因此肯定会很好的照料它，因此选C。
·黄金表达①It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. 据报道，北美的保守派们讨论了关于狼群的危害和好处。
②One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be wilderndss n. 荒野The mother told her child to chew food.这位母亲告诉她的孩子要细嚼食物。eserve n. 保护区
This area was once a wildlife reserve.该地区曾是一个野生动物保护区。recariously adv. 不稳定地
A soldier leads life precariously.军人过着非常危险的生活。romote v. 促进，提升
The organization works to promote friendship between nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。eveal v.展示，显示
The rising curtain revealed a countryside scene.幕启时展现一幅农村景象。race n.支柱，支架
The little girl had braces on her teeth. 这个小女孩牙齿上戴着矫正器。