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2 基 础 回 顾 3 课后强化作业
5 精 讲 点 拨
4 话 题 诵 读 早读一刻
情感体验 考 题 对 接 真题链接
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必 修 2
Units 3～Unit 4
Wildlife protection
Back from the dead: One third of “extinct”
animals turn up again
Conservationists are overestimating the number of species that have been driven to extinction, scientists have said.
A study has found that a third of all mammal(哺乳动物)species declared extinct in the past few centuries have turned up alive and well.
Some of the more reclusive(隐居的)creatures managed to hide from sight for 80 years only to reappear within four years of being officially named extinct in the wild.
The shy okapi—which resembles a cross between a zebra and a giraffe—was first discovered in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1901.
After increasingly rarer sightings, it vanished from the wildlife radar for decades from 1959, prompting fears that it had died out.
But five years ago researchers working for the WWF found okapi tracks in the wild.
1．[教材原句]This is what wildlife protection is all about.(U4P25)
[真题呈现](2010·浙江，9)It is uncertain________side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
A．that B．what
C．how
D．whether
[考题巧解]
解析：句意：尽管大约有两千人已经服用了这种药，但它能带来什么样的副作用还不确定。what side effect“什么样的副作用”。
答案：B
2．[教材原句]In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(U4P26)
[真题呈现](2010·山东，33)Those who suffer from headache will find they get________ from this medicine.
A．relief
B．safety
C．defense
D．shelter
[考题巧解]
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些患有头痛的人会发现服了这药后头痛会得到缓解。relief“减轻，解除”；safety“安全”；defense“保护”；shelter“庇护，掩蔽，避难所”。由句意可知，选A项。
答案：A
3．[教材原句]It contains a powerful drug...(U4P26)
[真题呈现](2008·全国，18)Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it________.
A．collected
B．contained
C．loaded
D．saved
[考题巧解]
解析：句意：小约翰尼摸着袋子，非常好奇地想知道里面装着什么东西。contain“包含，含有”；collect“搜集，整理”；load“装载”；save“挽救”。
答案：B
Ⅰ.单词速记
1．n. 保护________→vt.保护________
2．n. 损失；遗失；丧失________→vt. 遗失；丢失________→n.(比赛的)输者，败者________→adj. 迷路的；迷失的________
3．n. 保护区 v. 保护；保留；预定________→adj. 保留的________→n. 保留；预定________
4．vt. & vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻________→n. 狩猎运动；打猎________
5．vi. 回答；响应；做出反应________→n. 响应；反应；回答________→adj. 负责任的________
6．adj. 远的；远处的________→n. 距离________
7．n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯________→adj. 仁慈的；怜悯的________→(反义词)adj. 不仁慈的；不宽恕的________
8．vt. 包含；容纳；容忍________→n. 容器；集装箱________
9．vt. 影响；感动；侵袭________→n. 作用；影响________→n. 喜爱；钟爱________→n. 假装；装模作样________
10．n. 注意；关注；注意力________→v. 关注；照顾______→adj. 专心的；专注的________→adv. 专心地；专注地________
11．vt. 鉴赏；感激；意识到________→n. 感激；欣赏；赞美________
12．vi. 成功 vt. 接替；继任________→n. 成功________ →adj. 成功的________→adv. 成功地________→n. 继任者；接替者________
13．adj. 安全的；可靠的________→n. 安全；可靠________
14．vt. 雇用；利用(时间、精力等)________→n.
受雇者________→n. 雇主________→n. 雇佣________
15．n. & vt. 损害；危害________→adj. 有害的________ →adv. 有害地________
16．vt. & vi. 咬；叮；刺痛________→(过去式)________ →(过去分词)________
17．vt. 检查；视察________→n. 检查；视察________→n. 检查员；视察员________
18．n.
事件；事变________
19．adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的________→adv. 凶猛地；猛烈地________
20. n. 结局；结尾________→v. 结束；终结________→adj. 无休止的________→adv. 无休止地________
答案：1.protection; protect 2.loss; lose; loser; lost 3．reserve; reserved; reservation 4.hunt; hunting 5.respond；response; responsible 6.distant; distance 7.mercy; merciful; merciless 8.contain; container 9.affect；effect; affection; affectation 10.attention; attend; attentive；attentively 11.appreciate; appreciation 12.succeed; success；
successful; successfully; successor 13.secure; security 14.employ；employee; employer employment 15.harm; harmful; harmfully16．bite; bit; bitten 17.inspect; inspection；inspector 18．incident 19.fierce; fiercely 20.ending; end；endless；endlessly
Ⅱ.短语突破
1．________________灭亡；逐渐消失
2．________________
和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．________________
在危险中；垂危
4．________________
如释重负；松了口气
5．________________
突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
6．________________
保护……不受……(危害)
7．________________
注意
8．________________
形成；产生
9．________________
按照；根据……所说
10．________________
以致；结果
答案：1.die out 2.in peace 3.in danger(of) 4.in relief
5．burst into laughter 6.protect...from 7.pay attention to
8．come into being 9.according to 10.so that
Ⅲ.句型总结
1．Daisy had always________ ________help________species of wildlife.
戴茜一直都渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。
2．________ ________ ________for the wool beneath our stomachs.
为了我们肚子下的毛我们正被杀死。
3．We________ ________ ________an endangered species.
我们过去是濒危动物。
4．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，______ ________humans came into being...
千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多……
答案：1.longed to; endangered 2.We're being killed 3.used to be 4.long before
Ⅳ.教材设题
1．If their habitat is threatened or they can't find enough food, their numbers may________.
A．disturb B．decrease
C．increase
D．delay
答案：B
2．Farmers hunted us without________.
A．doubtB．mercyC．delayD．exception
答案：B
3．Nobody knows________why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.
A．for sure
B．make sure
C．sure
D．surely
答案：A
1．relief n. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物
观察下面句子，理解relief一词的含义：
①Much to my relief,_my son was eventually admitted to the famous university.(宽慰，放心)
②The pills gave him some relief for the moment.(减轻)
③The floodstricken area is in desperate need of food and medicine relief.(救济物品)
[归纳拓展]
(1)in relief 如释重负；松了口气
(2)(much)to one's relief 使某放心(宽慰)的是
(3)feel a sense of relief 如释重负
[运用提升]
(2011·潍坊一模)It came as a great________to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.
A. favor
B. sense
C. relief
D. relaxation
答案：C 考查名词辨析。句意：儿子最终安然无恙地回来是这对父母最大的宽慰。favor“帮助”；sense“感觉；见识”；relief“宽慰”；relaxation“放松”。
2．contain vt. 包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制
Some western countries are trying to contain the development of China.
有些西方国家在试图遏制中国的发展。
[归纳拓展]
contain oneself 克制自己
container n. 容器；集装箱；货柜
辨析：contain, include
(1)contain意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指包含全部内容或数量；也可指里面所包含的成分；不用于进行时态；表示“容纳”时，相当于hold。
(2)include意为“包含；连……在内；计入；算入；包括”，用于表示所包含事物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。including为介词，放在所包括的事物之前；included为形容词，放在被修饰的名词之后。
①A sunken ship containing a lot of chinaware was discovered under water in the South China Sea.
在中国南海发现了一个装有大量瓷器的沉船。
②There were four passengers on the bus, including the old lady/the old lady included.
公共汽车上有四位乘客，包括那位老太太。
[巧学助记]
The container contains many kinds of fruits, including apples/apples included.
这容器盛放着许多种水果，其中包括苹果。
[运用提升]
用contain，hold和include填空。
(1)How much does this bottle________？
(2)The box can________all my clothes.
(3)Everyone here took part in the fight against the flood，________old people.
(4)I don't think the car will________you all.
(5)Everybody had something to say, me________.
(6)Books________knowledge.
答案：(1)contain (2)hold (3)including (4)hold (5)included (6)contain
3．affect vt. 影响；侵袭；感动
The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.
该国南方旱情最严重。
She was deeply affected by the news of his death.
他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
[归纳拓展]
(1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动；使悲伤
be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉
(2)affection n. 喜爱；感情
(3)effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect on 对……产生影响
in effect 实际上；生效
come into effect 开始生效；开始实施
take effect 生效；起作用
The weightloss pill has_a_strong_side_effect_on people's hearts.
这种减肥药对人的心脏有极强的副作用。
[运用提升]
(2011·济南模拟)The new law has come into________； surely it will have________on industry of the country.
A．affect; an effect
B．effect; affect
C．effect; an effect
D．an effect; an effect
答案：C 考查affect及effect的用法。句意：这项新的法律已经生效了。它肯定会对这个国家的工业有影响。come into effect“开始实施，开始生效”；have an effect on“对……有影响”。
4．appreciate vt. 鉴赏；感激；意识到；增值
观察下列句子，体会appreciate的词义：
His talents are greatly appreciated by the boss.(欣赏)
I would appreciate hearing from you.(感激)
We didn't appreciate that he was badly ill.(意识到)
Property values appreciated yearly.(增值)
[归纳拓展]
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing 重视；感激
I would appreciate it if... 假如……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
点拨：(1)appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语；其后接“事”作宾语而不能接“人”(与thank相反)。
(2)appreciate 之后不能直接跟if引导的宾语从句，若接if从句时，要借助于it。类似用法：like, hate, dislike, enjoy等动词之后的if，when从句。
①I would appreciate_it_if you could turn the radio down.
如果你能将收音机音量调小些，我会不胜感激。
I don't like_it_when my four children follow me every- where.
我不喜欢我的四个孩子到处跟着我。
[运用提升]
I'd appreciate________if you could come and help me once more and I always apprecicate________me with my English in the past.
A. this; you to help
B. that; your helping
C. it; you to help
D. it; your helping
答案：D
5．succeed vi. 成功 vt. 接替；继任
The two mountain climbers succeeded_in_reaching the peak.
两名登山者成功地到达了山顶。
Finally he succeeded_his_father_as the general manager of the company.
最后他接替父亲，成为公司经理。
[归纳拓展]
success n. [U]成功；[C]成功的人或事物
successful adj. 成功的
be successful in(doing)sth. 在某方面成功
successfully 成功地
[运用提升]
用succeed及相关词的适当形式填空。
(1)The prince usually________to the throne after the King's death.
(2)We've started our own business. It's a________and we can earn at least $3,000 per month.
(3)He was glad that he________in stopping smoking.
(4)Arthur was a highly________businessman.
(5)I passed the driving test________through my hard work.
答案：(1)succeeds (2)success (3)succeeded (4)successful (5)successfully
6．employ vt. 雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
The boss employed 20 workers.
那位老板雇了20位工人。
How do you employ your spare time?
你怎样利用你的业余时间？
[归纳拓展]
(1)employ...as 雇用某人作……/把……当作……来使用
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
从事于，忙于(做)某事
He has_been_employed_in_writing a new book these days.
这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。
(2)employer n. 雇主
employee n. 受雇者；雇工，雇员
employment n. 雇用；使用；工业，职业
out of employment 失业
unemployment 失业
[运用提升]
完成句子
(1)我们聘用她为顾问。
We________ ________ ________ an adviser.
(2)她父亲失业3年了。
Her father has been________ ________ ________for 3 years.
答案：(1)employ her as (2)out of employment/job
7．die out 绝种；灭亡
Many old customs are gradually dying_out.
许多旧习俗都在日渐消逝。
[归纳拓展]
die away (声音、光线等)逐渐消失
die of/from 因……而死
die down 减弱；平息
die off 相继死亡
be dying for 很想要；渴望
be dying to do sth. 极想干某事
①Her voice died_away as she saw the look on David's face.
看到David脸上的表情，她就不再说话了。
Don't worry, the gossip will soon die_down.
不用担心，谣言很快就会平息的。
She was_dying_to go to Shanghai to visit China Pavilion for the World Expo.
她非常渴望到上海看一看为世博会所建的中国馆。
点拨：(1)die为不及物动词，不用于被动语态，也不能与表示时间段的状语连用；dead为形容词，表状态，可与表时间段的状语连用；deadly为形容词，意为“致命的”。
(2)die v. (机器)停止运转
My car just died halfway to the station.
我的车在去车站的途中熄火了。
[运用提升]
It is reported that this kind of insect has totally ________ because of pollution.
A. died away
B. died down
C. died of
D. died out
答案：D
8．protect...from/against... 保护……不受……(危害)
We wear gloves to protect our hands from the bitter cold in winter.
我们戴手套来保护手不受冬季严寒的危害。
[归纳拓展]
protection n. 保护
under the protection of＝under one's protection 受某人保护
点拨：(1)表示“保护……免受……的损害或侵犯”时常用结构protect...against/from...来表示，但较大的事件如天灾多用against，小事件如冷气则用from。
(2)prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
prevent/stop...from doing sth.中的from在主动句中可以省略，而在被动句中不能省略。
Physical exercise can protect you against heart disease
体育锻炼可以保护你免受心脏病的困扰。
[运用提升]
完成句子
(1)尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒。(protect)
Try to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
(2)火势的蔓延已无法阻止。(keep)
The fire cannot________ ________ ________ ______.
答案：(1)protect your skin from the sun (2)be kept from spreading
9．come into being 形成；产生
When did the club first come_into_being?
俱乐部是什么时候成立的？
[归纳拓展]
come into effect/force/operation 生效
come into sight/view 看得见
come into office 就职
come into use/service 开始使用
come into existence 开始存在
come into fashion 开始流行
come into/to power 当权；执政
①The new tax regulations came_into_effect last month.
新税法是上个月生效的。
②How long is it since the computer came_into_use?
计算机开始应用到现在已有多久了？
点拨：come into being是不及物动词短语，无被动形式，不用于进行时态。
[运用提升]
完成句子
(1)When did the world________ ________ ________(形成)?
(2)The new seatbelt regulations________ ________ ________ (开始生效)last week.
(3)When did this word________ ________ ________(开始使用)?
答案：(1)come into being (2)came into effect/force/ operation (3)come into use/service
10．We're being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.
因为我们肚子下的毛我们正被杀戮。
本句中are being killed为现在进行时的被动形式。
[归纳拓展]
现在进行时常用于以下几种情况：
(1)表示说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但说话时动作不一定在发生。这时常与时间状语these days, this week等连用。
(3)有些动词如go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, stay, play的现在进行时表示近期计划或安排将要发生的动作。
①I_am_doing my homework now.
我正在做家庭作业。(指说话时正在发生的动作)
②We are_working on a farm these days.
这些天我们在一家农场劳动。(指现阶段正在发生的动作)
③We are_leaving for the United States tomorrow.
我们明天就要离开到美国去了。(指按计划或安排将要发生的动作)
[运用提升]
(1)(2011·南通一模)Now the world's attention________the stocking markets, as they have great influence in the world's economy.
A．is fixing on
B．has fixed on
C．is being fixed on
D．had been fixed on
答案：C 考查时态和语态。attention与fix之间为被动关系，故排除A、B两项；再根据now可知，应用现在进行时的被动语态。
(2)(2011·济南模拟)—Flight MU257________. I must be off now.
—Have a nice trip.
A．is being announced
B．has announced
C．was announcing
D．had been announced
答案：A 考查时态和语态。从句意知“MU257航班正在通知(登机中)”，故用现在进行时；同时announce与Flight MU 257又是动宾关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
11．They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.
从(恐龙)骨骼连接的方式他们了解到这一点。
句中way表示“方式，方法”，其后接in which或that引导的定语从句，此时也可以将连接词即关系代词that/in which省略掉。
The_way＋he speaks to us is really annoying.
他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。
点拨：way表示“方式、方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。
Is this the_way you can imagine to_reduce/of_reducing air pollution?
这是你能想像到的减少空气污染的方法吗？
[运用提升]
What surprised me was not what he said but________he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
答案：A