高三英语备考总复习人教版必修1：Unit 5《Nelson Mandela—a modern hero》课件83张

　　精 讲 点 拨 条分缕析

　　整合讲练 话 题 诵 读

　　1 考 题 对 接

　　2 基 础 回 顾 3 课后强化作业

　　5 精 讲 点 拨

　　4 话 题 诵 读 早读一刻

　　情感体验 考 题 对 接 真题链接

　　体会考点 基 础 回 顾

　　稳扎稳打

　　网络构建

　　必 修 1

　　Units 3～Unit 5

　　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

　　Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918. He was educated at UniversityCollege

　　of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand and qualified in law in 1942. He joined the African National Congress in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party's apartheid(种族隔离)policies after 1948. He went on trial for treason(判国罪)in 1956—1961 and was acquitted(无罪释放)in 1961.

　　During his years in prison, Nelson Mandela's reputation grew steadily. He was widely accepted as the most significant black leader in South Africa. He consistently refused to compromise his political position to obtain his freedom.

　　Nelson Mandela was released on February 18, 1990. After his release, he plunged himself wholeheartedly into his life's work, striving to attain the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier. In 1991, at the first national conference of the ANC held inside South Africa after the organization had been banned in 1960, Mandela was elected President of the ANC. Nelson Mandela accepted the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of all South Africans who suffered and sacrificed so much to bring peace to our land.

　　1．[教材原句]He strongly believed in the three principles.(U5P33)

　　[真题呈现](2011·浙江，18)Anyway, I can't cheat him—it's against all my ________.

　　A．emotions 　B．principles

　　C．regulations

　　D．opinions

　　[考题巧解]

　　解析：本题考查名词辨析。句意：无论如何我都不能欺骗他——这违背我做人的原则。principle常用复数形式，意为：(行为的)准则、规范。如：principles of conduct行为的准则。emotion“情感，情绪”；regulation“规章，规则”；opinion“意义，看法，主张”。

　　答案：B

　　2．[教材原句]He was the first man to_land on the moon...(U5P33)

　　[真题呈现](2010·陕西，9)His first book________next month is based on a true story.

　　A．published

　　B．to be published

　　C．to publish

　　D．being published

　　[考题巧解]

　　解析：　__________next month 是后置定语，修饰名词his first book, his first book 与publish是被动关系，且时间是在下个月，故要用不定式的被动形式to be published。

　　答案：B

　　3．[教材原句]．..making black and white people equal.(U5P34)

　　[真题呈现](2010·全国，13)The island is________attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

　　A．partly

　　B．merely

　　C．nearly

　　D．equally

　　[考题巧解]

　　解析：考查句意及副词的词义辨析。句意：这个岛屿春季和秋季同样吸引人，因为这两个季节宜人的天气。partly“从某种程度上说”；merely“仅仅，只是”；nearly“几乎”；equally“平等地，相等地，等同地”。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅰ.单词速记

　　1．n. 质量；品质；性质________→n. 数量________→adj. 合格的________→n. 资格________

　　2．adj. 积极的；活跃的________→adv. 积极地；活跃地________

　　3．adj. 慷慨的；大方的________→n.________→(反义词)________

　　4．vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于________→n. 献身；关爱；专心________→adj. 热爱的________

　　5．vt. 建立；建设________→(过去式)________→(过去分词)________

　　6．n. 法则；原则；原理________

　　7．vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击________→n. 进攻者；攻击者______

　　8．n. 暴力；暴行________→adj. 暴力的________

　　9．adj. 相等的；平等的________→adv. 相等地；平等地________→n. 平等；等同________

　　10．adj. 乐意的；自愿的________→n. 意志；意愿________→(反义词)adj. 不乐意的________

　　11．adj. 不公正的；不公平的________→(反义词)adj. 公正的；公平的________→n. 公平；公正________

　　12．vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露________

　　13．adj. 受过教育的；有教养的________→v. 教育；训练________→n. 教育________

　　14．n. 残忍；残酷________→adj. 残忍的________

　　15．n. 报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏________

　　16．n. 意见；看法；主张________

　　17．n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动________→n. 恐怖主义________→n. 恐怖分子________

　　答案：1.quality; quantity; qualified; qualification　2.active；actively　3.generous; generosity; mean　4.devote; devotion；devoted　5.found; founded; founded　6.principle　7.attack；attacker　8.violence; violent　9.equal; equally; equality10．willing; will; unwilling/reluctant　11.unfair; fair; fairness12．escape　13.educated; educate; education　14.cruelty; cruel　15.reward　16.opinion　17.terror; terrorism; terrorist

　　Ⅱ.短语突破

　　1．________________失业

　　2．________________

　　事实上

　　3．________________

　　使充气；爆炸

　　4．________________

　　在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中

　　5．________________

　　求助于；致力于

　　6．________________

　　丧失勇气或信心

　　7．________________

　　当权；上台

　　8．________________

　　设立；建立

　　9．________________

　　被判处……(徒刑)

　　10．________________

　　愿意干某事

　　答案：1.out of work　2.as a matter of fact　3.blow up　4.in trouble　5.turn to　6.lose heart　7.come to power　8.set up9．be sentenced to　10.be willing to do

　　Ⅲ.句型总结

　　1．The last thirty years________ ________the greatest number of laws________our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage________we have almost no rights at all.

　　过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。

　　2．...________ ________ ________we decide to answer violence with violence.

　　……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

　　3．I felt bad________ ________ ________I talked to a group.

　　我第一次向(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。

　　答案：1.have seen; stopping; where　2.only then did　3.the first time

　　Ⅳ.教材设题

　　1．He was generous with his time，________I was grateful.

　　A．for which

　　B．for whom

　　C．to which

　　D．to whom

　　答案：A

　　2．He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we________.

　　A．should have been asleep

　　B．might have been asleep

　　C．should be asleep

　　D．might be asleep

　　答案：A

　　3．Since I was better educated, I got a job________in an office.

　　A．worked

　　B．working

　　C．to work

　　D．having worked

　　答案：B

　　1．devote vt. 献身；专心于

　　She devotes all her spare time to doing what she really enjoys.

　　她将所有的业余时间都用在做她真正喜欢的事情上。

　　The ecologist devoted himself to his research work.

　　这位生态学家全力倾注于他的研究工作。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　(1)devote...to... 把……奉献给；把……专用于

　　devote oneself to

　　致力于；献身于

　　be devoted to 专心于；致力于

　　(2)devoted adj. 深爱的；忠诚的

　　devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚

　　①He is a devoted friend of mine, a man I can always depend on.

　　他是我的挚友，一个我一直可以依靠的人。

　　Her devotion_to her career left her with little time to take care of her family.

　　她全身心投入工作，几乎没有时间来照顾家人。

　　点拨：在短语devote...to中to为介词，其后接名词或动名词，类似短语还包括：

　　look forward to 期盼；

　　get down to开始着手做；

　　be/get used to 习惯于；

　　be/get accustomed to 习惯于；

　　lead to 导致；

　　pay attention to 注意；

　　object to 反应。

　　[运用提升]

　　The time he has devoted in the past 10 years________the disabled is now considered________of great value.

　　A．to help; beingB．to helping; to be

　　C．to help; to be

　　D．helping; being

　　答案：B　句意：他在过去的十年中用在帮助残疾人身上的时间现在被认为很有价值。前一部分考查devote one's time to doing sth.的用法；后一部分中consider后面接不定式作主语补足语。

　　2．equal adj. 相等的；胜任的　v. 等于；抵得上　n. 同等的人；相等物

　　China's effort to preserve the ozone layer(臭氧层)is_equal_to half of the total efforts made by developing countries.

　　中国对保护臭氧层的努力相当于发展中国家所做出努力的总和的一半。

　　②None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.

　　不管是容貌还是舞艺我们都比不上她。

　　She did not feel equal to receiving visitors.

　　她觉得自己不适合接待来客。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　(1)A equals B in... A在……方面比得上B

　　be equal to＋n./doing sth. 等于；与……相等；胜任

　　be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比；无敌

　　(2)equality n. 相等；平等

　　equally adv. 相等地；平等地

　　Experience is equally as valuable as theory.

　　经验与理论有同样的价值。

　　[运用提升]

　　I do not feel equal to________her the truth.

　　A．tell

　　B．told

　　C．telling

　　D．being told

　　答案：C　考查be/feel equal to的用法。句意：我觉得自己没有勇气告诉她真相。be/feel equal to doing sth. 意为“有……的能力/勇气，能胜任……”。

　　3．reward n. & v．报答；报酬；奖赏

　　①In the competitive situation, most employers will still reward people according to their ability and performance.

　　在竞争形势下，多数雇主将依然根据人们的能力与表现进行奖励。

　　②They rewarded the boy with ￡5 for bringing back the lost dog.

　　他们给了那男孩五英镑，酬谢他把走失的狗送回来。

　　③I don't expect anything in_reward;_I did it because I enjoyed it.

　　我不指望得到什么报答，我做这件事只是因为我喜欢干。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　(1)reward sb. with...for sth. 为某事而以……报答某人

　　(2)as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏

　　give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬

　　in reward of 为酬谢……；作为对……的奖励

　　in reward＝in return 作为回报/报答

　　辨析：reward, award

　　(1)reward n. 报酬、奖金或一些非金钱的报酬；vt. 给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏。

　　常用句型：reward sb. for(doing)sth. 因……而报答/奖励某人

　　(2)award n. 奖品，奖金，与prize相似；vt. 授予，颁发。

　　常用句型：award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb.

　　Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.

　　在2009年奥巴马被授予诺贝尔和平奖。

　　[运用提升]

　　You would be offered a(n)________of 5,000 for the arrest of the murderer, according to the news on TV last night.

　　A．prize

　　B．award

　　C．reward

　　D．result

　　答案：C　句意：你将因为逮捕了凶杀犯而得到5000美元的奖赏……。reward“酬金，赏金”；prize“奖品，奖励”，与award近似，都因成就突出而受奖；result “结果”。

　　4．escape v. & n. 逃脱；逃生；泄露

　　It was a prison from which no one escaped.

　　那是个无人逃走过的监狱。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事

　　escape from 从……逃脱；逃避

　　escape one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意

　　(2)fire escape 太平梯，安全梯；安全出口

　　a narrow escape 九死一生

　　①A prisoner escaped_from prison this morning.

　　有一个囚犯今天早晨越狱逃跑了。

　　②Whoever breaks the law won't escape_punishment/being_punished!

　　无论是谁违犯法律都将避免不了惩罚。

　　③Last year I had a_narrow_escape,_and I don't want to risk my life a second time.

　　去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。

　　[运用提升]

　　Mike often attempts to escape________whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

　　A. having been fined

　　B. to have been fined

　　C. to be fined

　　D. being fined

　　答案：D

　　5．turn to 求助于；致力于

　　Nobody seems to understand. I don't know who to turn_to.

　　似乎没人理解。我不知道该向谁求助。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　(1)turn one's back to 背对；背弃；不理睬

　　turn back 折回；掉转头

　　turn down 调小；拒绝

　　turn into 变成

　　turn off 关闭(开关等)

　　turn over 打翻，翻身；移交

　　turn up 调大；出现

　　turn out 证明是；结果是

　　(2)in turn 依次；反过来

　　by turns 依次；轮流

　　①It turned_out to be sunny that morning.

　　结果那天早上是个晴天。

　　②The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned_down.

　　如果他们提出的要求遭到拒绝，工人们将继续罢工。

　　点拨：turn to sb. 可以表示为“向某人求助”，也可以表示“(把脸)转向(某人)”。turn to sth.“求助于某物”。

　　[运用提升]

　　用turn的相关短语填空。

　　(1)She didn't________at the party as she had promised to.

　　(2)It________that the job was much harder than we had thought.

　　(3)I tried to stand on my own two feet rather than________my parents.

　　(4)Increased production will，________， lead to increased profits.

　　(5)He went over to say hello to her, but she________him.

　　(6)His suggestion was________at the meeting.

　　答案：(1)turn up　(2)turned out　(3)turn to　(4)in turn

　　(5)turned her back to　(6)turned down

　　6．lose heart(＝be discouraged)气馁；灰心；泄气

　　No matter what you do, never lose_heart.

　　不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　lose one's heart to sb. 爱上某人

　　heart and soul 全心全意

　　put one's heart into 一心扑在……上

　　break one's heart 伤某人的心

　　from the bottom of sb.'s heart 从某人的心底

　　learn...by heart 记住；背诵

　　①He has put_his_heart_and_soul_into the task of combating drought.

　　他已全身心投入到抗旱工作中去了。

　　②Tom has lost_his_heart_to the girl who helped him.

　　汤姆已爱上了那个帮过他的女孩。

　　③I want to thank you from_the_bottom_of_my_heart.

　　我衷心地感谢你。

　　点拨：lose heart作“丧失勇气或信心”讲时，heart前不加任何冠词，heart本身也无单复数变化。

　　[运用提升]

　　What impressed us most was that they never________.

　　A．lost hearts

　　B．lost their hearts

　　C．lost heart

　　D．lost their heart

　　答案：C　lose heart是固定短语，其中heart为抽象名词，表示“勇气；信心”之意。故选C。

　　7．out of work 失业

　　Millions of people have been thrown out_of_work due to the global economic depression.

　　数百万人因全球性的经济萧条而失业。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　out of breath 喘不过气来；上气不接下气

　　out of control 失去控制

　　out of danger 脱离危险

　　out of date 过时的；过期的

　　out of order 发生故障；混乱的

　　out of place 不合适；不恰当；格格不入

　　out of question 毫无疑问

　　out of the question 不可能的

　　out of mind 心不在焉；忘却

　　out of sight 看不见；在视线范围之外

　　①The plane was out_of_control and crashed in the farmland.

　　飞机失控，坠落在农田里。

　　②It is out_of_question that he will keep his promise.

　　毫无疑问，他会遵守诺言的。

　　[运用提升]

　　Jane is unhappy now, for she has________for two weeks.

　　A. been out of job

　　B. been out of work

　　C. lost her job

　　D. been out of jobs

　　答案：B

　　8．in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中

　　He found himself really in_trouble this time.

　　他发现这一次他真的遇到麻烦了。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　ask/look for trouble 自找麻烦；自找苦吃

　　have trouble with sth. 某方面有困难

　　have trouble (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难

　　get into/out of trouble 陷入/摆脱困境

　　make trouble 惹事；捣乱

　　take trouble to do sth. 费力做某事；不辞辛苦地做某事

　　put sb. to trouble 麻烦某人

　　No trouble at all.(口语)一点也不麻烦，没什么。

　　①Please don't hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have_trouble_with your study.

　　不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。

　　②They took_great_trouble_to_persuade their father to live with them.

　　他们费了很大的劲才说服父亲和他们住在一起。

　　③I really don't want to put_you_to_any_trouble,_but I have to carry the furniture upstairs.

　　我真不想给你添任何麻烦，可我得把这家具搬到楼上去。

　　[运用提升]

　　Do you know the trouble we had________his house?

　　A. to find

　　B. found

　　C. finding

　　D. founded

　　答案：C

　　9．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

　　近三十年来，通过大量的法律来阻止我们的权利和进步，致使今天我们到了几乎没有任何权利的地步。

　　(1)本句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词stage。

　　He was at a stage_where he wanted to play every week.

　　他当时处在希望每周能上场比赛的阶段。

　　(2)当先行词是stage, situation, case, position, point, system等词时，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语时，定语从句常用where或in which来引导。

　　①You could get into a situation_where you have to decide immediately.

　　你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。

　　②There are some cases_where this rule does not apply.

　　在有些情况下这个规则是不适用的。

　　[运用提升]

　　(2011·朝阳质检)The doctor said that the treatment would continue until the patient reached the point________he could walk correctly and safely.

　　A. where

　　B. when

　　C. which

　　D. that

　　答案：A

　　10．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

　　我第一次向一个(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。

　　句中的“the first time”用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。

　　[归纳拓展]

　　(1)名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：

　　(2)every time 每次

　　each time 每当……

　　next time 下次……时

　　any time 任何时候

　　last time 上次……时

　　by the time 到……为止

　　①The_first_time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.

　　我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。

　　He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.

　　他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。

　　③Each_time I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers.

　　每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。

　　点拨：for the first time在句中只能用作状语，不具有连词功能，不可用来引导状语从句。

　　[运用提升]

　　完成句子

　　(1)一听到儿子的死讯，妈妈突然放声大哭。(the moment)

　　________________________， the mother burst into tears.

　　(2)我们刚到工地就通知老板我们到了。(immediately)

　　________________________， we informed our boss of our arrival.

　　答案：(1)The moment she heard her son's death

　　(2)Immediately we arrived at the work site