答案：D 答案：A 答案：A 答案：A 答案：C 答案：C
选 修 7
Units 1～2
专项语法 状语从句
要点精析
状语从句又称副词性从句，在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句。
一、时间状语从句
1．表示时间的状语从句可以由when, whenever, as, while, before, until, ever since, as soon as等词引导。
When completed, the tunnel will be the longest in the world.
完工后，这就是世界上最长的隧道。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘记把它写下来。
It will be half a year before I come back.
我半年之后才回来。
例 (2010·安徽，33)Just use this room for the time being, and we'll offer you a larger one______it becomes available.
A．as soon as
B．unless
C．as far as
D．until
解析：句意：先暂时用着这间房间，一找到房子，我们将给你提供大一点的房间。本题考查连词。as soon as表示“一……就……”，符合句意，其它三项不合题意。
2．名词词组引导时间状语从句：every/each time“每一次”；the moment/minute“一……就……”；the first/second time“第一/二次”；the last time“最后一次”；the day“那一天”；the week“那一周”等。
Every time I see him, he looks miserable.
每次我看见他，他都是一副愁眉苦脸的样子。
He said he'd phone you the moment he got home.
他说他一到家就给你打电话。
3．as soon as, instantly, directly, immediately等表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常意为“一……就……”，也可引起表示时间的状语从句。
I came as soon as I heard the news.
我一听到消息就马上来了。
I came directly I got your message.
我一收到你的消息就来了。
4．no sooner...than和hardly...when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。若把no sooner, hardly提到句首，主句须倒装。
No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang.
他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。
Hardly had the game begun when it started to rain.
比赛刚刚开始，天就开始下起雨来。
例 (2010·福建，26)The girl had hardly rung the bell __________the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A．before
B．until
C．as
D．since
解析：考查连词。had hardly done sth. before/when表示“一……就……”。又如：We had hardly started before/when it began to rain.我们刚出发，天就开始下雨。
二、条件状语从句
条件状语从句由if(如果)，unless(除非)，once(一旦)，in case(万一); so(as)long as(只要), on condition that/on one condition(以……为条件)等词引导。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示。
Unless some extra money is found, the theatre will close.
如果不能额外弄一些钱，剧院就得关闭。
Ron lent me the money on condition that I pay it back next month.
罗恩把钱借给我，条件是下月归还。
例 (2010·辽宁，31)I agree to his suggestion________ the condition that he drops all charges.
A．by
B．in
C．on
D．to
解析：句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他降低费用。on the condition that“条件是……”，引导条件状语从句。
三、原因状语从句
原因状语从句常用because, since, as, for引导，还可用seeing that(既然), now that(既然)，considering that/who/ how...(考虑到……), in that(因为)，not that...but that(不是因为……而是因为)等引导。
Now that they've got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine.
由于彼此之间有了进一步了解，他们相处得不错。
John did quite well in his exams considering how little he studied.
考虑到约翰才学了那么一点点，他考得已很不错了。
The situation is rather complicated in that we have two managing directors.
由于我们有两位总经理，所以情况很复杂。
四、让步状语从句
让步状语从句由though(although), even if(even though), no matter how/where/what..., whatever, however, whoever等引导。
Although the car is old it still runs well.
汽车虽然很旧，但跑起来仍然不错。
No matter how hard he tried, he couldn't get her to change her mind.
不管他怎么努力劝说，也没能使她改变主意。
例 (2011·天津，5)______regular exercise is very important.It's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
A．If
B．As
C．Although
D．Unless
解析：本题考查状语从句的连接词。由主从句的结构可知，两者之间为转折关系，故应用although引导该从句。if“如果”；unless“除非；如果不”，两者均引导条件状语从句； as“因为；当……的时候”，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句，作“尽管”讲引导让步状语从句时该从句常用倒装结构。句意：尽管有规律的锻炼很重要，但睡觉前锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
五、目的状语从句
目的状语从句常由that, so that, in order that, lest(以免，以防)，for fear that等引导，放在主句之后。目的状语从句常用情态动词may(might), can(could)等。lest, for fear that后面常用“(should)＋动词原形”的虚拟语气。
We pray that he may recover soon.
我们祈求他早日康复。
六、结果状语从句
结果状语从句由so that, so...that, such that, such...that等词引导。
Many contestants later failed drug tests, so that the race had to be rerun.
许多参赛者后来都没有通过药检，赛跑只得重新进行。
The nature of the job was such that he felt obliged to tell no one about it.
这种工作的性质就是如此，他觉得只好秘而不宣了。
例 (2010·唐山摸底考试)He was so deep in thought, thinking of the problem, ________he knocked into the tree without noticing it.
A．when
B．while
C．because
D．that
解析：考查状语从句的引导词。so...that表示“如此，以致”。句意：他思考问题太投入了，以致一不留神儿撞到了树上。
七、方式状语从句
方式状语从句由as, just as, as if, as though等词引导。
We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
在警察到来之前，我们最好保持现场原样。
You look as if you've had a good time.
你看起来好像玩得挺开心。
八、比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as...as, than, not so...as, the more...the more等词引导。
My brother is not as tall as me.
我哥哥没我高。
It's a beautiful dress but it's much more than I can afford.
这件连衣裙很漂亮，不过太贵了，我买不起。
九、地点状语从句
地点状语从句由where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等词引导。
We should go where the Party needs us most.
我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。
You are free to go wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.
无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)
例 (2009·山东)The little girl who got lost decided to remain________she was and wait for her mother.
A．where
B．what
C．how
D．who
解析：考查状语从句。句意：这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。故应选择where来引导地点状语从句，答案为A。
运用提升
1．(2011·新课标，25)—Someone wants you on the phone.
—________ nobody knows I am here.
A．Although
B．And
C．But
D．So
答案：C 本题考查连词的用法。句意：——有人给你打电话。——但是没有人知道我在这儿。根据上下句之间的关系可知，此处表示转折，故C项正确。although引导让步状语从句，and表示并列，so表示因果，均不合题意。
2．(2011·全国Ⅱ，19)It was a nice meal，________a little expensive.
A．though
B．whether
C．as
D．since
答案：A 句意：尽管这顿饭有点贵，但还是很不错的。though“尽管”；whether“是否”；as“因为，当……时”；since“自从”。
3．(2011·山东，23)Find ways to praise your children often，________ you'll find they will open their hearts to you.
A. till
B. or
C. and
D. but
答案：C 本题考查连词的用法。句意：找到经常表扬孩子的方法，你就会发现孩子们就会对你敞开心扉。本句为“祈使句＋and＋简单句”，祈使句转化为if引导的条件句。
4．(2011·山东，28)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.
A. even if
B. if only
C. in case
D. so that
答案：C 本题考查连词的用法。句意：他准备好了相机，万一他看到能成为好照片的东西。even if“即使”；if only“要是……就好了”；in case“万一，以防”；so that“以便”。
5．(2011·江西，29)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you.
A. whenever
B. however
C. whichever
D. wherever
答案：A 本题考查状语从句。句意：请给我的秘书打电话让他今天下午或者对你来说方便的任何时候安排会议。whenever“任何时候”；however“无论多么”；whichever“无论哪一个”；wherever“无论什么地方”。由前面的时间状语this afternoon可知此处用whenever引导状语从句。
6．(2011·陕西，19)________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.
A. Since
B. While
C. If
D. As
答案：B 考查从属连词引导让步状语从句。句意：尽管他们都是强有力的候选人，但是只有一位会被选中担任此职。since和if没有“尽管”之意；不能引导让步状语从句，首先被排除；另外，as引导的让步状语从句必需采用倒装语序，在此不符合句子要求；while有“尽管”之意，它所引用引导的让步状语从句常常置于主句之前。
7．(2011·北京，29)________ volleyball is her main focus, she's also great at basketball.
A. Since
B. Once
C. Unless
D. While
答案：D 本题考查状语从句。句意：尽管排球是她的主要重点，她对篮球也很擅长。since引导时间状语从句，意为“自从……以来”，还可引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”；once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦”；unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”；while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
8．(2011·辽宁，25)No matter how______， it is not necessarily lifeless.
A．a desert may be dry
B．dry a desert may be
C．may a desert be dry
D．dry may a desert be
答案：B 本题考查语序。句意：不管沙漠多么干旱，也不一定没有生命。no matter how/what/who...引导让步状语从句时，主语与谓语用陈述语序。how为副词，后接形容词或副词，故B项正确。
9．(2011·辽宁，29)He had no sooner finished his speech______the students started cheering.
A．since
B．as
C．when
D．than
答案：D 本题考查连词的用法。句意：他一演讲完，同学们就欢呼起来了。no sooner...than...，hardly...when...与as soon as意义一致，表示“一……就……”。
10．(2011·重庆，30)To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ________ we are to shake hands with.
A．whichever
B．whenever
C．whoever
D．wherever
答案：C 本题考查连词的用法。句意：为了表示我们的敬意，不管我们同谁握手，我们通常要摘下手套。根据句子结构可知，本题为让步状语从句。whichever“不管哪个”；whenever“不管什么时候”；whoever“不管谁”；wherever“不管哪里”。根据句意D项正确。
11．(2011·四川，4)Frank insisted that he was not asleep ________ I
had great difficulty in waking him up.
A．whether
B．although
C．for
D．so
答案：B 本题考查连词的用法。句意：虽然我费了好大的劲儿把他叫醒，可是弗兰克坚持说自己没有睡着。从前后的句意来看，不存在因果关系，排除C，D两个选项。而A表示：是否，也不符合本句的语境。所以从句中的“not asleep”“difficulty”两个词的反差来看，存在转折关系。
12．(2011·温州模拟)Experts are trying to work out a plan to deal with the problems caused by global warming ________it is too late.
A. when
B. if
C. before
D. until
答案：C 考查时间状语从句。句意：专家们正在努力制订计划，为的是在还来得及之前处理全球气候变暖所引起的问题。before“在……之前，趁着还没……”；when“当……的时候”；if“如果”；until“直到”。
13．(2011·舟山模拟)Juliet Roberts，________predicted, won the award for the Oscar Best Female Actress.
A. if
B. once
C. as
D. when
答案：C 考查方式状语从句。句意：正如预测的那样，朱丽娅·罗伯茨赢得了“奥斯卡最佳女演员奖”。
as predicted相当于as it is predicted，as引导方式状语从句。
14．(2011·银川模拟)The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost________I was spotted by a ship.
A. as
B. after
C. when
D. while
答案：C 句意：第二天早上我刚要因迷失放弃希望，就在这时，有一艘船发现了我。when意为“就在那时”。
15．(2011·北京模拟)Ballet is amazing；________you go, you are likely to find yourself going again and again.
A. as
B. once
C. unless
D. while
答案：B 考查连词辨析。句意：芭蕾舞真令人惊奇，一旦你去(学)了，你会发现你下次还想再去。as“因为，随着”；once“一旦”；unless“除非”；while“当……的时候”。根据句意应选择B项。
16．(2011·石家庄模拟)________studying abroad can be hard, it can broaden your understanding of the world.
A. If
B. While
C. Because
D. Since
答案：B 考查状语从句。句意：虽然在国外学习可能会很艰难，但它会拓宽你对世界的理解。if“如果”；while“虽然，尽管”，常置于句首；because“因为”；since“自从，既然”。
17．(2011·济南模拟) Never believe anything________ any other person has believed it. Use your own head!
A. that
B. when
C. because
D. once
答案：C 考查状语从句。句意：不要因为别人相信什么事你也相信。要自己开动脑筋。可直接排除A项；when “当……的时候”；because“因为”；once“一旦”。
18．(2011·泉州模拟)A taxi driver saw a man luckily escape from the building just________it went up in flames.
A. unless
B. until
C. before
D. after
答案：C 考查状语从句。句意：一个出租车司机看见一个人在那幢大楼焚毁前幸运地从里面跑了出来。unless“除非”；until“直到”；before“在……之前”；after“在……之后”。
19．(2011·德州模拟)John is no less hardworking than his sister, ________he failed in the exam.
A. but
B. thus
C. or
D. and
答案：A 考查并列连词。句意：约翰和他姐姐一样努力，但他却没通过这次考试。but表转折；thus表因果；or表选择；and表并列或递进。
20．(2011·烟台模拟)________well prepared a gymnast is, he still needs a lot of luck in performing.
A. Whatever
B. Although
C. No matter
D. However
答案：D 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论准备得多么充分，在比赛中一个体操运动员仍然需要很多运气。此处however＝no matter how“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句。
21．(2011·沈阳模拟)________you are familiar with the author's idea, try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can.
A. Now that
B. Ever since
C. So that
D. As long as
答案：A 句意：既然你熟悉作者的想法，试着尽快读完所有的章节，now that“既然”，符合句意ever since“自从……以来”；so that“以便，结果”；as long as“只要”。
22．(2010·哈尔滨模拟)I'm not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow.________， I will try every possible means to come to the party.
A. Even though
B. Anyhow
C. If so
D. Instead
答案：B 考查让步状语从句。句意：我不清楚明天是否有别的事要做。无论如何，我会尽量来参加这个聚会。anyhow＝whatever the facts may be，in spite of this, at least“无论如何；即使如此；至少”。even though用来引导让步状语从句，设空处有逗号，故排除A项； if so“如果这样的话”；instead“相反”，均不符合题意。
23．(2010·衡水模拟)He is a nice listener，________he feels the time is right he will give you his thoughts.
A. until
B. after which
C. if
D. and when
答案：D 考查由and连接的并列句。句意：他是一个不错的倾听者，在合适的时候他才会告诉你他的想法。本句是由and连接的并列句，第二个分句中又含有一个由when引导的时间状语从句。
24．(2010·南通模拟)How long do you think________the computer company launches a new model?
A. it will be before
B. will it be until
C. will it be when
D. it will be that
答案：A 考查时间状语从句。句意：你认为这家电脑公司还得多长时间才能将新型产品投放市场？设空处及后面的部分为think的宾语，故该宾语从句应该用陈述语序，排除B、C两项；“It will be＋一段时间＋before＋从句”为固定句型，句型中的before意为“才”或“就”。
25．(2010·嘉兴模拟)Your article must be sent by email ________it can meet the deadline.
A. or else
B. so that
C. in case
D. for fear
答案：B 考查状语从句。句意：为了赶上截稿日期，你的文章必须通过电子邮件方式发送。or else“否则”；so that“为了”，引导目的状语从句；in case“以防”；for fear“惟恐，以免”。
26．(2010·青岛模拟)—Did Jack come back early last night?
—Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock
________he arrived home.
A. when
B. that
C. before
D. until
答案：A 考查时间状语从句。句意：——杰克昨天晚上回来得早吗？——是的，他到家的时候还不到八点。根据句意可知此处为when引导的时间状语从句。
27．(2011·东城练习二，35)You can't complain of being lonely ________ you don't make any effort to meet people.
A．until
B．when
C．once
D．though
答案：B 句意：既然你没有努力去和别人打交道，你就不能抱怨孤独。考查连词。when“既然”，引导原因状语从句，其他选项逻辑关系错误。
28．(2011·重庆二诊，34)Julia is a popular TV personality. There she is warmly welcomed ________ she goes.
A．as long as
B．if
C．even though
D．where
答案：D 句意：Julia是一个受欢迎的电视名人。无论走到哪里，都受到热烈的欢迎。考查连词。where引导的从句作地点状语。答案为D。
29．(2011·河南示范高中适应性测试，25)________ winter is still with us, and will be for a few more weeks, warm days may still be in the forecast for your area.
A．As long as
B．Even though
C．Now that
D．Ever since
答案：B 句意：尽管冬天依然陪伴着我们，而且还要再陪伴我们几周，但温暖的天气仍可能会出现在你们地区的天气预报里。考查连词。由语境逻辑可知此处为让步关系，故选B。even though“即使，纵然”表示让步关系；as long as“只要”引导条件句；now that“既然，由于”表原因；ever since“自从”表时间。
30．(2011·江南十校二模，33)—What? You've given up working in the northern city?
—Yes. There was often such a terrible sandstorm there ________ I could hardly see on the way and from work.
A．that
B．because
C．as
D．which
答案：A 句意：——什么？你已经放弃在那个北方城市工作了？——是的，那里经常有如此可怕的沙尘暴以至于我上下班很难看清路。在交际用语中考查状语从句的用法。such...that“如此……以至于……”易错选C。没有准确理解句意和句子之间的逻辑关系，认为是关系代词as引导的定语从句而没有意识到从句结构完整造成误选。
31．(2011·杭州质检二，6)The headmaster has promised us that we shall get informed ________ the results of the exam come out.
A．in case
B．every time
C．ever since
D．the minute
答案：D 句意：校长已向我们许若一旦考试结果出来就通知我们。get informed“通知”。考查连词。the minute为连词化的名词词组，相当于as soon as，意为“一……就”，故选D。in case引导目的状语(以防)或条件状语(万一)；every time为连词化的名词词组，意为“每次，每当”引导时间状语；ever since“从那时起，自那时以来，自从”。
32．(2011·湖南十二校第二次联考，22)________ our national football team lost the game to a weak team as Syria by 0 to 3, I held no doubt about the new coach's ability.
A．Until
B．Since
C．Unless
D．After
答案：A 句意：直到我们的国家足球队以03输给像叙利亚那样的弱队，我才开始怀疑这个新教练的能力。考查连词。until引导时间状语从句，和主句中的no构成not...until句型。易错选C。unless引导条件状语从句，是一种假设关系，而本句是一种发生过的事实，故排除。
33．(2011·合肥第三次质检，28)How long do you suppose it is ________ he got the news?
A．before
B．when
C．since
D．after
答案：C 句意：你认为他得到这个消息多长时间了？ 考查连词。since“自从……以来”，引导时间状语从句。易错选A。before可以用于句型：It be some time before...，但前后时态必须一致。
34．(2011·合肥第二次质检，28)The hero said he didn't think twice ________ diving into the freezing river to rescue that child.
A．before
B．after
C．until
D．when
答案：A 句意：那位英雄说为了救那个孩子他当时没来得及多想就跳进了冰冷的河水里。考查连词。before在此意为“还没来得及……就”，为before的四种特殊用法之一。如：He asked me a second question before I answered the first one.我还没来得及回答第一个问题，他又问了一个问题。
35．(2011·天津十二区县联考一，12)—What do you think of the music teacher?
—________she is an elegant lady, she can be extremely difficult to work with.
A．Even if
B．As
C．Because
D．While
答案：D 句意：——你认为那个音乐老师怎么样？——尽管她是位很优雅的女士，但她有可能会很难相处。考查连词。while“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句。even if“即使，虽然，纵然”；as“因为，像，当……之时，像……一样，尽管”；because“因为”。易错选A、C。虽然even if也可引导让步状语从句，但它侧重条件意味，而while侧重转折意味；as尽管也能引导让步状语从句，但从句必须倒装。
36．(2011·济南一模，22)________ children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
A．If
B．Though
C．Unless
D．When
答案：C 句意：除非孩子们相信他们能成功，否则的话他们永远不可能完全独立。考查连词。分析句子之间的逻辑关系可知此处为否定条件，故选unless＝if...not。