北师大版选修八Unit 22 B卷
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2017·福建质量检测)The teacher sat crosslegged in front of the gathering of fourth grade students. She asked them what kinds of things would __1__world peace. Immediately they began offering such__2__as “Get rid of all the bombs.” “There ought to be a __3__against war.” The teacher rose to note each offering on the board. Once the list was __4__， she sat again with the children and asked them if there was anything __5__war in their lives.
They were __6__at first but eventually they seemed to begin to __7__that the teacher meant “war”as a metaphor (暗喻). One student said, “My brother declares war on me when I __8__his things.” “My dad blows up at bad drivers，” offered one girl. __9__said she did war with one of her dishonest friends.
__10__the thought appeared that all violence was in conflict with the idea of __11__. Through the discussion the teacher __12__the concept that they could decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives by giving up the idea of __13__with others. She asked them to __14__the rest of the week keeping track of the times when they would choose to carry out peace __15__violence.
By the end of the week the students had experienced dozens of examples __16__violence and conflict had been avoided in their __17__lives.
Eventually the class created a peace movement in the school. They helped rewrite school__18__that decreased conflict. Homework became more inventive and __19__. Parentteacher meetings always __20__activities of the students (adance, or an art or science exhibit). Cooperation became the primary path to peace
语篇解读：本文主要介绍的是老师如何向学生解释“war”这个词的含义，并使学生们明白在生活中他们应该减少冲突，加强合作。
1．A.break
B．ignore
C．increase
D．witness
解析：由第一段第三句中学生们的回答可知，老师问的是如何能促进世界和平，故C项正确。
答案：C
2．A.cases
B．events
C．chances D．suggestions
解析：根据该空后面学生们的回答可知这是学生根据老师提出的问题说出的一些解决 “建议”，故选D项。
答案：D
3．A.law
B．will
C．deal
D．duty
解析：制定一部“法律”来制止战争。故选A项。
答案：A
4．A.missing
B．necessary
C．simple
D．complete
解析：根据空处后的内容可知老师已经把清单列完了，故选D项。complete表示“已完成的，已结束的”。
答案：D
5．A.but
B．like
C．against
D．after
解析：根据第二段第一句中的“the teacher meant ‘war’ as a metaphor(暗喻)”可知，老师问学生的是在他们的生活中有没有遇到“像”战争一样的事情，故用like。
答案：B
6．A.puzzled
B．frightened
C．excited
D．encouraged
解析：刚开始学生们感到很“困惑”，但是最终他们“意识到”老师说的“战争”是一个暗喻。故选A项。
答案：A
7．A.state
B．prove
C．realize
D．guess解析：参见上题解析。realize意为“意识到”。
答案：C
8．A.receive
B．bother
C．collect
D．reserve
解析：一个学生说：“当我打扰我的哥哥做事情时，他就向我宣战。”bother表示“打扰，烦扰”，符合语境。
答案：B
9．A.Each
B．Another
C．The one
D．The other
解析：由“One student said”和“offered one girl”可知此处是指又一个女孩说，故选B项。
答案：B
10．A.Luckily
B．Suddenly
C．Hopefully D．Finally
解析：由第二段学生们的回答可知任何暴力都是与和平理念相冲突的，这也是对上文的总结，故用副词finally。
答案：D
11．A.peace
B．power
C．culture
D．wealth
解析：peace与上半句的violence相对应，任何暴力都与“和平”相冲突，故A项正确。
答案：A
12．A.returned
B．passed
C．introduced
D．moved
解析：根据学生的谈论，老师进行总结，并且“引出”了一个理念，故选C项，其他三项均不符合语境。
答案：C
13．A.joking
B．fighting
C．discussing
D．working
解析：根据该空前面的“decrease violence and increase peace in their own lives”可以推知是通过放弃武力的方式来减少暴力，增加和平，故选B项。
答案：B
14．A.waste
B．appoint
C．spend
D．finish
解析：她要求学生记录一下在这周余下来的时间里用和平而不是暴力的方式来处理问题的次数。spend some time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，故C项符合语境。
答案：C
15．A.aside from
B．away from
C．regardless of
D．instead of
解析：见上题解析。instead of表示“而不是”。前三项分别表示“除了”“远离”“不顾，不管”，均不符合语境。
答案：D
16．A.that
B．where
C．whether
D．whose
解析：where引导定语从句修饰先行词examples，且where在从句中作状语，故选B项。
答案：B
17．A.political
B．traditional
C．personal
D．natural
解析：由第三段第二句中的“in their own lives”提示可知应选C，此处表示“个人生活”。
答案：C
18．A.rules
B．decisions
C．records D．introductions
解析：根据该空后面的“that decreased conflict”可知应该是重新制订了学校“规则”，故选A项。
答案：A
19．A.similar
B．familiar
C．confusing
D．interesting
解析：家庭作业变得更加有创造性和趣味性。故D项正确。其他三项分别表示“相似的”“熟悉的”“令人迷惑的”，均与语境不符。
答案：D
20．A.started with
B．belonged to
C．put up with
D．came up to
解析：家长教师交流会也总是以学生们的活动开始的，故选A项。后三项分别表示“属于”“忍受”“达到”，均不符合语境。
答案：A
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2017·豫南四校高三调研)“My kids really understand solar and earthheat energy，”says a secondgrade teacher in Saugus, California.“Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.”These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP),
a
particular
program
for
kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills, and more.
The children don't just play any city. They map and analyze the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and predict its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom，” says the teacher who developed this program.“They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final modelbuilding stage of the program, an elected ‘official’ and ‘planning group’ makes all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”
CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problemsolving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children's own standards.
语篇解读：加利福尼亚的一名教师别出心裁地设计出一个培养孩子解决问题能力的计划，让他们在城市规划中自由驰骋，潜移默化地学到观察问题、分析问题和解决问题的知识。
1．CBEP is designed to ________.
A．direct kids to build solar collectors
B．train young scientists for city planning
C．develop children's problemsolving abilities
D．train kids to be future architects
解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话以及最后一段的内容可知这个计划的目的是培养孩子解决问题的能力。
答案：C
2．An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ________.
A．find out kids' creative ideas
B．discuss with the teacher
C．give children lectures
D．help kids with their program
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话中的“With the aid of an architect...”可知建筑师每周来教室一次的目的是在这个计划中为孩子们提供帮助。
答案：D
3．Who is the designer of the program?
A．An official.
B．An architect.
C．A teacher.
D．A scientist.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中间部分的“...says the teacher who developed this program.”可知这个计划的设计者是一位教师。
答案：C
4．The children feel free in the program because they ________.
A．can design future buildings themselves
B．have new ideas and rich imagination
C．are given enough time to design models
D．need not worry about making mistakes
解析：推理判断题。第二段后半部分提到孩子们可以充分发挥他们丰富的想象力，无需害怕任何责备，因为在未来设计方面没有错误的答案，由此可推测孩子们在这个计划中可以无拘无束，不必担心犯过错。
答案：D
Ⅲ.选做题
任务型读写
(2017·安庆质检)We all need physical exercise. Exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body full of energy. It works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your muscles. So, exercise makes your heart and muscles strong. Exercise also makes you feel refreshed. If you exercise a couple of times a week, you will stay happy and healthy.
Some Western countries, such as the United States, have problems with exercise. In the US, many people don't have enough exercise because it is hard for them. People have to work from dawn till dusk, so they don't have time to take exercise. They work in office buildings sitting in chairs all day long in front of computers. They cannot get much exercise sitting at desk passively.
Some Westerners can get exercise walking from their homes to work. However, the majority of people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to their offices. They have no choice but to drive to work. In fact, some have to drive one or two hours to their offices. This is unfavourable in two ways. First, these people don't have a chance to exercise because they are sitting in their cars for two to four hours each day. Second, driving is challenging especially in rush hours and calls for too much attention. It makes a person worn out. So, when these people arrive home at night, they don't have the desire to take exercise after work.
Today, many people in the West are overweight, which causes health problems for them. Doctors say exercise can help people both lose weight and improve their health. So many people are trying to get more exercise. But it takes time to change, and when people don't see a difference right away, they will lose heart and stop exercising.
Title Westerners (1)____ Exercise
The (2)____
people can get from exercise ·Keep your body (3)____．·Make you feel good. ·Help you stay healthy and happy if you exercise (4)____．
·Help you lose weight and get your health (5)____．
One (6)____ for not getting enough exercise for some westerners Some people at work are too (7)____ to exercise.
The difficulty those who drive to work have in exercising Some live too (8)____ away from their workplaces so they have to drive to work. After driving back at night, they are too (9)____ so they don't want to exercise.
The wrong attitude
to exercise some
people have Some would be (10)____ if they don't see a difference within a short time.
答案：1.Lack 2.benefits/advantages 3.strong /energetic 4.regularly/often/frequently 5.improved 6.reason 7.busy 8.far 9.tired/exhausted 10.discouraged/unconfident
短文填词
Nowadays a lot of schools keep their students in school all day long.
Students have different o________ about it.1.________
Some of the students think they enjoy l________ freedom and have few 2.________
chances to get in touch with society. They are not able to fully ________ (培养)3.________
their interests and ________(爱好). Therefore, they have least interest in their study. 4.________
Some others think school is the best place to get knowledge, ________ they 5.________
should put their heart into their lessons. Some students ________ (缺少) the ability to6.________
control themselves. Once ________ of school, they may lose control of themselves 7.________
and do something that will a________ their studies.8.________
P________， there is no doubt that we should keep students at school.9.________
But I think ________ of necessity that schools should organize various activities
10.________
so that students can enjoy their school life.
答案：1.opinions 2.little 3.develop 4.hobbies 5.so
6．lack 7.out 8.affect 9.Personally 10.it
任务型阅读
(2017·山西大学附属中学高三月考)May the first is an important date in the college admission process in the United States. This is the last day for high school seniors to accept or reject offers of admission in the fall. But according to a recent report, there is a great change. Acceptance rates at the top colleges this year were lower than ever.__1__
These days, college applicants are applying to more colleges because online and common applications make the process easier.__2__On the other hand, deciding students for top colleges to accept can be difficult because it takes much time. Students may not like being put on waiting lists. Also, common colleges work more to get the students to accept them. Some colleges hold visiting days that offer a chance to attend classes and stay overnight. Some universities send gifts.__3__
For many families, the most important thing colleges can do is show them the money, especially this year; the weak economy makes parents nervous.__4__ The recent problems that spread from the housing market to credit markets have even affected students' loans. So lately, top schools have to spare lots of money to increase their financial aid for students.
__5__ The Education Department expects the number of high school graduates to start to go down. This will happen as the last of the children of the baby boom generation finish high school. The number is not expected to start rising again until 2015.
A．Besides, top colleges are facing changes in the population.
B．What contributes to it?
C．But a mistake can be costly if it happens.
D．But top colleges ignore them.
E．They have international students who know English.
F．It can mean several acceptances to choose from.
G．They can not afford college as planned.
答案：1～5 BFDGA