高考英语一轮复习 高考语法通关13(新人教版)(课件)-查字典英语网
搜索1
所在位置: 查字典英语网 >高中英语 > 高考英语 > 高考高考英语 > 高考高考复习指南 > 高考英语一轮复习 高考语法通关13(新人教版)(课件)

高考英语一轮复习 高考语法通关13(新人教版)(课件)

发布时间:2017-02-22  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  陈述部分主语 附加问句主语 例句 There be句型 be/情态动词/助动词+there There is no doubt about it, is there?There used to be a church here, didn't/usedn't there?There will be rain tomorrow, won't there?There should be no problem, should there? 考点七

  含有宾语从句的反意疑问句 当陈述部分含有宾语从句时,疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。如: He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn't he? 他说他将会来我的生日聚会,不是吗? 但是当主句有I think, I believe, I suppose, I expect, I imagine等结构时,疑问部分的主语和谓语动词均应和宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。如: I don't believe he will succeed, will he? 我认为他不会成功,是吗? 考点八

  祈使句的反意疑问句 祈使句后加附加问句,不表示反意,而表示一种语气。其结构为: 否定祈使句,+will you? 肯定祈使句,+will/won't you? Let's...,+shall we? Let us...,+will you? Let+第三人称……+will you?如:

  Open the door, will/won't you? 开门,好吗? Let's go out for a walk, shall we? 让我们一起去散步,好吗? Let us go home now, will you? 现在让我们回家,好吗? 考点九

  双重疑问句的形式 可用于该句式的动词有think,believe,suppose,guess等,其句式结构为:特殊疑问词(what,when,where,how,who...)+do you think/believe/suppose/guess+主语+谓语。如: What do you think has happened to him? 你认为他怎么啦? You aren't a teacher, are you? 你不是个老师,对吧? Yes, I am./No, I am not. 不,我是。/是的,我不是。 从以上回答可以看出:回答Yes,则汉语为“不”,回答No,则汉语为“是的”。因此回答这类反意疑问句时,可以遵循以下原则: ①要么回答Yes,I do.要么回答No,I don't.不能混淆。 ②不要看汉语如何翻译,只看所提到的事情是否发生。 (三)祈使句和感叹句

  考点一

  祈使句 1.否定式和强调式 Don't be so sure. 不要太肯定。 Never come late. 永远别迟到。 Please don't forget to take your medicine. 请别忘了吃药。

  Do come on time this evening. 今晚准时来。 Do be careful! 千万小心! 2.带主语的祈使句 ①为了加强语气或特别指明向谁提出命令或要求时,需加主语“you”,有时还可同时加称呼语。如: Tom, you water the flowers! 汤姆,你浇花。 ②在表达“不高兴,厌烦”等情绪时,可带主语you。如: You mind your own business! 你少管闲事! ③祈使句的主语除了用“you”外,还可用“everybody, everyone,someone,somebody”等,它们的位置可以放在句首,也可以放在句末;放在句首时,即使不用逗号与谓语部分分开,谓语动词也不受“第三人称一般现在时单数+s”规则的影响。如: Someone answer the phone! 谁去接一下电话! Be quiet,everyone! 大家静下来! 考点二

  感叹句 1.基本构成形式 ①what+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语 What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聪明的男孩啊! 注意:当名词为不可数名词(weather,advice,news,progress,information,fun等)时,应去掉冠词a或an。 ②what+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语 What beautiful flowers these are! 这些花多么漂亮啊! ③how+形容词副词+主语+谓语 How high the mountain is! 山真高啊! How fast he is running! 他跑得真快啊!

  ④how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语 How difficult a problem it is! 这个问题真难!

  2.省略形式的感叹句 ①how直接修饰谓语动词:how+主语+谓语 How we love our motherland! 我们多么爱我们的祖国啊! ②省略主语和谓语 What an interesting book! 多么有趣的书啊! How wonderful! 多么精彩啊! ③其他形式的感叹句 How can you be so silly! 你怎么这么傻! The design and the colors! 多美的图案和色彩! To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire! 竟然把这么一套衣服卖给了一个百万富翁! (四)并列句和连词

  由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。常用的并列连词有:and,but,or,so,yet,for,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also,等等。 The car broke down,so we had to find a telephone. 汽车出故障了,所以我们得找电话。 You can wait here and I’ll come back soon. 你可以在这儿等着,我很快就回来。 Hurry up or you'll be late.快点,否则你会迟到的。 He sold the house, yet (but) he can't help regretting it. 他把房子卖了,他不免感到惋惜。 Not only had the poor man been arrested,but also he had been sent to prison as well. 这个可怜的人不仅被逮捕,而且还被送进了监狱。

  Either she is to blame or you are. 不是她该受责备,就是你该受责备。 Neither will he go home nor will he go to school. 他既不愿回家,也不愿去上学。 考点一

  常用常考并列连词、副词 1.but,however,yet,still (1)but具有明显的对比、转折意味,为并列连词;however对比、转折意味稍弱,且为副词。but用于分句之首,且其后无符号隔开,而however位置较灵活,可置于分句之首、之中或之尾,且however之后常有逗号。

  例如:Me name is Robert, but most of my friends call me Bob for short. 我叫罗伯特,但我的大多数朋友简称我鲍勃。 He said that it was so;he was mistaken, however. 他说事情是这样,但是他错了。 (2)still除表示“依然”用于句中外,还可表示“尽管如此,依然”,为副词,前用分号。 例如:He has treated you badly;still,he's your brother and you ought to help him. 他虽待你不好,但他总是你的兄弟,你应该帮助他。 She was tired;still,she kept on working. 她累了,但她仍然继续工作。

  (3)yet可替代but,但语气较生硬。yet可与and连用,but却不可。yet可与though对应使用,but却不可。 例如:He worked hard, yet (but) he failed. 他工作努力,但却失败了。 It is strange, yet (but) it is true. 它虽然奇怪,但却是真的。 The book is not thick, and yet it's hard to read. 这本书不厚,但却难读。 Though/Although he was ill, yet he managed to come. 虽然他病了,他还是尽力来了。 2.并列连词so不可与从属连词because连用 [正]I couldn't find my pen, so I wrote with pencil. 我找不到钢笔了,所以用铅笔写。 [误]Because I couldn't find my pen, so I wrote with pencil. 3.and和or连接祈使句和陈述句 祈使句表示条件,陈述句表示结果。有时祈使句部分可用名词短语构成。 Work hard, and you'll scuueed.(=If you work hard, you'll succeed.)努力工作,你会成功的。 Work hard, or you'll fail.(=If you don't work hard, you'll fail.)努力工作,否则你会失败的。 One more step, and I'll beat you. 敢再(向前)走一步,我就揍你。 4.for可作并列连词,表示原因。它与后面的分句对前一句话起到补充说明的作用,其前常有逗号将前后两部分隔开。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨天夜里肯定下过雨,因为地还是湿的呢。 注意:because也可表示原因,但它是从属连词,它引导的从句可以放于句首或句末,而for与后面的分句只能放于前一分句的后面。because从句讲述的往往是直接原因,可用于回答why引起的问句,而for则不可。 5.while,并列连词,用以表示对比或相反的情况,意为“而、却”。 I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream. 我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢喝加奶油的。 English is understood all over the world while Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself. 英语,世界通用,但土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。 十三、简单句、并列句、反意疑问句、 祈使句、感叹句 英语句子按其结构可分为三类,即简单句、并列句和复合句。其中简单句可以说是英语句法分析的基石,并列句在口语和书面语中都有大量运用,因而每年高考中都有涉及句法分析的题型。但高考对这一语法项目的考查并不局限于单项选择题,而是广泛分布在完型填空、阅读理解、短文改错以至书面表达之中。 (一)简单句

  考点一

  简单句五种基本句型 1.主语+连系动词+表语(SVP) 用在这一句型中除了be动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词; (1)含“是”意义的动词:seem(似乎是……),prove(证明是……),appear等;

  (2)表感知状态的连系动词:feel,smell,taste,sound,look等; (3)表状态变化的连系动词:become, get, grow, turn, come (true), go, fall等。 (4)表状态延续的连系动词:remain,keep,stay等。例如:

  ①What he said proved true. 他说的证明是对的。 ②Those flowers smell sweet. 那些花闻起来很香。 ③The store stays open from 8∶30 till 20∶00. 商店仍然是从8∶30开放到20∶00。 2.主语+不及物动词(SV) 用在这一句型中的谓语动词都是不及物动词或短语。如work,swim,go,happen,sit,arrive,take place,break out等。 例如: ①The door opened. 门开了。 ②They live in Beijing. 他们住在北京。 ③The war broke out in 1937. 战争在1937爆发。

  3.主语+及物动词+宾语(SVO) 用在这一句型中的谓语动词都是及物动词或短语,如attempt,enjoy,desire,expect,look for,take care of等。例如: ①She enjoys listening to music. 她喜欢听音乐。

  ②I'm looking for my little dog. 我正在找狗。 ③Who will take care of your baby (when you're away)? 你不在谁照顾你的孩子? 4.主语+及物动词+间宾(sb)+直宾(sth.)(SVO1O2) 用在这一句型中的动词主要有:bring,give,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,promise,show,teach,wish,write,buy,choose,fetch,get等。例如: ①Will you hand me the dictionary? 你能递给我字典吗? ②Her father bought her a new bike as her birthday gift. 她父亲给她买一辆自行车作为生日礼物。 ③My friend John told me that news. 约翰告诉我那个消息。 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC) 常用于这一句型的及物动词有:allow,advise,beg,cause,encourage,expect,find,have,hear,leave,make,noticke,keep,wish,order,permit,persuade,tell等。例如: ①The sun keeps us warm. 太阳让我们暖和。 ②I watched him enter the shop. 我看他进入商店。 ③Where did you have them printed? 你在哪儿让他们打印的? 注意:我们还经常使用另外一个特殊句型,即There be+n.+状语。在这个句型中,be动词还可以换成stand,lie,live等不及物动词,但一定不可出现have。例如: Long long ago there lived a king,… 很久前那里住了一个国王…… (二)反意疑问句

  考点一

  陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句 当must作“必须”讲时,其反意疑问部分用needn't。 当含有mustn't(不允许、禁止)时,其反意疑问部分用must。如: You must go now,needn't you? 你现在必须走,不是吗? You mustn't smoke here,must you? 你不准在这儿抽烟,是吗? 当must表示猜测,作“一定、准是”讲时,其反意疑问部分的动词形式根据must后面的动词形式确定。如: You must be hungry now, aren't you? 你现在一定很饿,不是吗? You must have heard about it, haven't you? 你一定听说过这事,不是吗?

  You must have watched that football match last night,didn't you? 你昨晚肯定看足球赛了,不是吗? (因陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语last night)

  考点二

  陈述部分含有used to的反意疑问句 其反意疑问部分用usedn't或didn't均可。如: You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn't/didn't you? 你过去通常开着窗户睡觉,不是吗?

  考点三

  陈述部分含有ought to的反意疑问句 其反意疑问部分用oughtn't或shouldn't均可。如: He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn't/shouldn't he? 他应该参加演讲,不是吗? 考点四

  含有否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句 当陈述部分含有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定词或半否定词时,疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如: He could hardly walk without a stick, could he? 没有拐杖,他几乎不能走,是吗? 考点五

  如果陈述部分含有表示“否定”意义的由前缀构成的词,其反意疑问部分一般用否定式。 考点六

  附加问句的主语和陈述部分的主语在人称、数之间要保持一致的几种情况: 陈述部分主语 附加问句主语 例句 one(指人) one或he One can't be careful enough, can he/one? this,that,these,those is或they This isn't a fast train,is it?These are not your books, are they? everything,anything,something,nothing it Nothing happened to him, did it?Something has gone wrong with this machine, hasn't it? 陈述部分主语 附加问 句主语 例句 everyone,everybody,someone,somebody, no one,nobody, anyone,anybody he或they (更常见) Everybody agreed to the plan, didn't they?Nobody likes to be laughed at, doesn't he/don't they? 不定式、动名词,其他短语 it Learning English well takes a lot of time, doesn't it?

点击显示

推荐文章
猜你喜欢
附近的人在看
推荐阅读
拓展阅读
  • 大家都在看
  • 小编推荐
  • 猜你喜欢
  •