语法单选题系列16
1．My sister ,as well as her classmates who _____late for class,
_____criticized by Mr. Hunt.
A. were ;was
B. was; were
C. was; was
D. were; were
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查主谓一致。第一空是考查定语从句，先行词是classmates, who指代先行词classmates在句中做主语，故使用复数形式。第二空与my sister保持一致，不要管as well as后面的部分。故使用单数形式。故A正确。
2． After five hours’ drive, they reached _____they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
A. where
B. what
C. whichever
D. whatever
【答案】Ｂ
【解析】考查宾语从句。Reach是及物动词后面要接宾语从句，what引导起宾语从句，并在句中做主语。句意:驱车5个小时，他们到达了他们一直梦想到达的地方。故B正确。
3．----- John looks a bit upset. Did you tell him the bad news?
------Yes, but I _____him after his birthday party.
A. should have told
B .must have told
C. shouldn’t have told
D. needn’t have told
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。Should have done sth本应该做某事实际上却未坐；must have done一定做了某事；shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了。Needn’t have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了。句意—John看上去有点难过。你把那个坏消息告诉他了？—是的。可我本应该是在生日聚会以后在告诉他的。根据句意说明A正确。
4．The human body consists of organs, each ____a definite job to do.
A. have
B. to have
C. has
D. having
【答案】D
【解析】考查独立主格结构。独立主格结构是由名词+其它成分构成，不是句子，但是作用相当于句子。本题两部分之间没有连词，说明后半部分不是句子，而是短语。排除AC。Each与have构成主动关系，故使用现在分词的形式。each having a definite job to do=and each has a definite job to do.故D 正确。
5．_____
I soon learnt, he was English himself.
A. What
B. As
C. Which
D. That
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。As指代一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，可以放在句首，句中和句末。Which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在句末，故排除。句意：我很快就知道，他是一个英国人。故B正确。
6．---I want someone to write the composition for me.
--- No. As a student,
you ____depend on yourself.
A. must
B. might
C. will
D. can
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词辨析。A必须；B也许；C将要；D可能，能够；句意：—我想找个人给我写文章。—不。作为学生你一定要依靠你自己。根据句意说明本句用must表示必须。故A正确。
7．-----Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.
----- Yes. No one could perform _____, I think.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. the best
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词比较级用法。形容词比较级与否定词连用，表达最高级。本题的no one could perform better意为：没有人能表现的更好了。指我国女运动员表现最好。句意：—在温哥华冬奥会上我国的女运动员取得了巨大成功。—是的。我认为没有人表现得比题目更好了。根据句意说明B正确。
8．---Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you ?
---Why that early ? I _____then.
A. have slept
B. have been sleeping
C. will sleep
D. will be sleeping
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。本题的关键是then，本题的then指代的是six tomorrow morning明天早晨六点。这是一个将来的时间点，故本题是指在将来的一个时间点上所发生的事情，故使用将来进行时。句意：—明天早晨六点给我电话，好吗？—为什么那么早？那个时候我还在睡觉呢！故D正确。
9．----- When does your plane take off?
----- At 3:00 p.m. tomorrow, I’ve just called the airport to ____it.
A. argue
B. confirm
C.organize
D.intend
【答案】B
【解析】动词辨析。A争论；B确认；C组织；D打算；句意：—飞机什么时候起飞？—明天下午三点。我已经打电话给机场确认了时间。根据句意什么B正确。
10．China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games, which is almost _____they won at the Sydney Olympic Games.
A. twice as many as
B. as many as twice
C. as much as twice
D. twice as much as
【答案】A
【解析】考查倍数表达法。倍数表达有多种方法，本题考查了其中之一：倍数+as 形容词（原级）as+ …；句意：中国在北京奥运会上赢得了100枚奖牌，几乎是他们在悉尼奥运会上的两倍。A项twice放在as的前面many修饰可数名词复数medals.故A正确。
11．_____ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger and more prosperous economy.
A. As
B. That
C. This
D. It
【答案】D
【解析】考查it作为形式主语。本题的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger and more prosperous economy.句意：我们认为医疗保健方面的改善会带来更强大更繁荣的经济。故D正确。
12．_____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. After
B. Although
C. As soon as
D. Now that
【答案】D
【解析】连词辨析。A在…后；B尽管；C一…就…；D既然；句意：既然你得到了一次机会，你还是充分利用它为好。根据句意说明D正确。
13．Reportedly yesterday a group of American soldiers were walking along the road in Irap when a bomb was ______ .
A. set out
B. set about
C. set off
D. set up
【答案】C
【解析】短语辨析。A动身，出发；B开始做…;C 开始，引爆；D设立，建立；句意：据报道，昨天一群美国士兵正在伊拉克巡逻，在这时一颗炸弹被引爆了。根据句意说明set off在本句中指引爆，故C正确。
14．In order to find ____better job, he decided to study _____second foreign language.
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. the ; the
D. a; the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示泛指，指一份更好的工作。第二空的序数词的特殊用法，不定冠词（a/an）+序数词，意为：再…又…。句意：为了找到一份更好的工作，他决定在学一门外语。故B正确。
15．Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel.
A. is
B. were
C. has been
D. had been
【答案】B。
As if(似乎)后面的句子如果是虚假的事情，则使用虚拟语气，用过去时表示与现在和将来相反；be动词用were的形式。用过去完成时表示与过去相反。句意：不要像那样处理那个花瓶，好像它是用铁做的一样。实际上花瓶是陶瓷做的，故这是与现在相反的虚拟语气，使用were.故B正确。
16． Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?
A. at
B. on
C. to
D. across
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词辨析。At在…方面；on在…上；to…对…;across横过…；在…对面；句意：你认为这件衬衫在过肩膀的地方太紧了是吧？根据句意说明D正确。
17． We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?
A. should face
B. might face
C. could have faced D. must have faced
【答案】C。
’t说明本句是对过去的虚拟，故使用：情态动词+have done的形式，排除AB。D项不与虚拟语气连用。Could have done本可以做某事。句意：我们本可以一起面对困难，但是你为什么不告诉我呢？
18． ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock
B. Knocking
C. Knocked
D. To knock
19． Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.
A. had developed
B. was developing C. would develop
D. developed
【答案】D。
描述在过去阶段发生的动作，强调状态，用一般过去式。
20．—Have you heard about that fire in the market?
— Yes, fortunately no one _____.
A. hurt
B. was hurt
C. has hurt
D. had been hurt
【答案】B。
。发生在过去的被动动作。Hurt这里已经转化成了形容词。
21．Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _____.
A. some
B. less
C. much
D. more
【答案】D。
形容词。比较级，根据句意即刻判断。
22．_______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
A. Use
B. Using
C. Used
D. To use
【答案】C。
。tin和use是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
23．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently.
A. why
B. how
C. that
D. whether
【答案】C。
24．One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.
A. corrects
B. correct
C.to correct
D. correcting
【答案】D。
并列结构，making与correcting并列
25．By the time you have finished this book, your meal ______ cold.
A. gets
B. has got
C. will get
D.is getting
【答案】C
【解析】by the time 后接现在时，将来时。
26．—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if
B.As though
C. In case
D. If only
【答案】A。
从句连接词。even if 即便，as though似乎，in case 以防，if only要是…多好。
27．-----I’m more than happy to go out this weekend.
----- ______. We’ve got so much work to do at that time.
A. Don't worry
B. Forget it
C. Don't say so
D. Don't mention it
【答案】B
【解析】考查交际用语。A宾语担心；B休想，算了！C宾语这样说。D没有关系。句意：—这个周末我非常想出去。—休想。那时我们有很多工作要做。根据句意说明B正确。
28．Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______. We must act immediately
before there’s nothing left.
A. have run out
B. are running out
C. have been run out
D. are being run out
【答案】B
【解析】考查run out用法以及将来时用法。Run out用完，耗尽；该词组没有被动语态，排除CD。句意：在洪涝灾害袭击地区的食品供应即将耗尽，我们必须在食品用完之前立刻行动。根据句意说明现在还没有耗尽食品，是就要耗尽了。故B正确。
29． It was foolish of you to take a taxi ______you could walk there in five minutes.
A. where
B. as
C. How
D. when
【答案】Ｄ
【解析】考查when特殊用法。在本题中when=since既然。句意：既然你步行五分钟就可以到那里，你打的去真是太愚蠢了。故D正确。
30．We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ______us a ride home.
A. didn't offer
B. wouldn't offer
C. hasn't offered D. hadn't offered
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。本题是条件状语从句的虚拟语气，从句中用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反，主句用情态动词+have done.故D正确。
31．His play was popular and every time ______about it, he owed his success to the support of his friends.
A. talking
B. talked
C. to talk
D. when talking
【答案】A
【解析】考查分词做状语。Talk about it与he构成主动关系，故使用现在分词做状语。D项的when与every time重复。句意：他的戏剧非常受欢迎，每次谈论的时候，他都把成功归功于朋友的支持。
32．I should very much like to have gone to the party, but ______.
A. I'm not invited
B. I won't be among the invited
C. they won't invite me
D. they didn't invite me
【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气和时态。根据第一句should like to have gone 本应该做某事，实际上却未做，说明是与过去相反的虚拟语气，but后面使用陈述语气，根据前一句与过去相反，说明后面用过去时，故D正确。
33．______, I believe, and you will find Tom is very outgoing.
A. Having a talk with the student
B. Given a talk with the student
C. One talk with the student
D. If you have a talk with the student
【答案】C
【解析】考查特殊句式。本句式是由：祈使句+连词+陈述句；转化而来。转换成：名词短语+连词+陈述句、句意：和那个学生谈谈，你就会发现Tom非常外向。本句=If you have one talk with the student, you will find Tom is very outgoing.故C正确。
34．Babies’ health is much more likely to be affected if______ parent smokes．
A. both
B. none
C. neither
D. either
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词。Both两者都…；none指三者或三者以上的都不；neither两者都不；either两者中的一个；孩子的父母只有2人，根据谓语动词smokes,说明主语是单数，结合句意说明D正确。
35．The continuous rain ______ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two months.
A. set back
B. set off
C. set aside
D. set out
【答案】A
【解析】词义辨析。A推迟，拨慢；B出发，使发生，点燃；C放在一边，不管不顾，储蓄；D开始。句意：不断的雨水让小麦的收割推迟了2个月。根据句意说明A正确。
36．--Do you think you will give me a hand in time of trouble?
--I’d like to do something for you ______ everything you’ve done for me.
A. in exchange
B. in turn
C. in return for
D. in terms of
【答案】C
【解析】词义辨析。A项不全，应该有介词for; in turn依次，轮流；in return for作为…的回报；in terms of就…而言。句意：—在紧急情况下，你会帮助我嘛？—我会为你做的作为你位我们做的事情的回报。根据句意说明C正确。
37．The bus hit against a tree in the fog and ______to the deep valley，with ten passengers killed and twenty wounded.
A. down did it roll
B. down rolled it
C. it down rolled
D. down it rolled
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装句。当副词放在句首，且主语为名词的时候，要使用全部倒装。但是副词放在句首，主语为代词的时候，则不要倒装。句意:在大雾中那公交车撞上了大树，滚进了深沟里，导致10名乘客死亡，20人受伤。本题中副词down放在了句首，但是主语是代词it,所以不需要全部倒装。故D正确。
38．______in a science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $ 21, 000
A. To be judged the best
B. Judged the best
C. Having judged the best
D. Judging the best
【答案】B
【解析】考查分词做状语。Judge与the three students构成被动关系，故使用过去分词的形式在句中做状语。句意：在比赛中北认定为最好，这三个学生被授予奖学金共计2万1千美元。故B正确。
39．-----Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert?
-----Yes, but I don't like ______ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don't like.
A. this
B. that
C. those
D. it
【答案】D
【解析】考查it的特殊用法。本题的it是一种特殊用法，有语法家称之为模糊it，就像make it成功；got it明白等词组中的it一样。没有具体指什么，但是又不能省略。句意：—Robert，你习惯中国的食物了吗？—是的！但是我不喜欢中国人一直让我吃我不喜欢的菜。故D正确。
40．We all felt a sense of ______ when we saw so many overseas Chinese
coming back safe and sound from Libya.
A. security
B. relief C. emergency
D. achievement
【答案】B
【解析】名词辨析。A安全；B放松，欣慰；C紧急；D成就。句意：当我们看见如此多的海外这个人安全从利比亚回国的时候，我们有一种放松的感觉。根据句意说明B正确。