2017年高三高考复习必练教程：句型2

　　B1U3

　　●重点句型

　　1．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。

　　2．It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的是我的姐姐。

　　3．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。

　　4．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，什么也不能使她改变。

　　5．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

　　有决心的人总是努力完成工作的，而不管它有多难。

　　1．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。

　　ever since “从那以后”，句子要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有 so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month, in/for the past＋ 一段时间，since...ago等。

　　①He came to England three years ago and has lived here ever since.

　　他三年前来到英国，从那以后便一直住在这里。

　　②I haven't seen her since ten years ago.

　　自十年前至今，我没见过她。

　　③We have completed half of the work so far.

　　到目前为止，我们完成了一半的工作。

　　④He hasn't written to me recently.

　　他最近没给我写信。

　　⑤The couple have been working very hard for/in the past (last) ten years.在最近的十年里这对夫妇一直努力工作。

　　拓展：It is/was/has been＋时间段＋since...自从……已经多久了。

　　It will be/was＋时间段＋before...再有多长时间才……

　　在 “It is/was＋时间段＋since...”句型中，若 since从句中的动词为延续性动词，句子意思要发生变化。

　　It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军3年了。

　　It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟3年了(不吸烟)。

　　[即境活用1]　(2009·天津南开中学)How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived there?

　　A．whenB．before

　　C．after

　　D．since

　　解析：考查 “It is＋一段时间＋since...”，表示“自从……到现在多长时间”。

　　答案：D

　　2．When I told her the air would be hard to

　　breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。

　　be＋adj.＋to do在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible 等。

　　①The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。

　　②That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。

　　③The water in that river is not fit to drink.

　　那条河中的水不宜饮用。

　　④Harry Potter is pleasant to read.

　　《哈利·波特》读起来让人感到愉快。

　　⑤He is easy to get along with.他很容易相处。

　　拓展：此句式还可以拓展为 “find/feel/think/believe＋宾语＋adj.＋to do”。例如：

　　I find English tongue twisters pleasant to learn.

　　我觉得英语绕口令学起来很有意思。

　　[即境活用2]　(1)(2008·全国Ⅰ)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.

　　A．to be breathed

　　B．to breathe

　　C．breathing

　　D．being breathed

　　解析：考查 be＋adj.＋to do结构。

　　答案：B

　　(2)They found the lecture hard ______； they all felt sleepy.

　　A．to be understood

　　B．for understanding

　　C．to understand

　　D．to have been understood

　　解析：考查 “find＋宾语＋adj.＋to do”结构。

　　答案：C

　　3．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.

　　她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。

　　“once＋状语从句”意为“一旦……就……”。

　　在 once引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。

　　①Once you remember it, you'll never forget it.

　　一旦你记住它，你就永远不会忘记它。

　　②Once you have promised, you must do it.

　　一旦你许下诺言，你就必须履行。

　　拓展：once 用做副词，可表示：

　　(1)(for) one time 一次

　　I have only been here once. 我只来过这儿一次。

　　(2)at some time in the past 一度，曾经

　　He once lived in Zambia. 他曾经(一度)住在赞比亚。

　　(3)all at once＝suddenly 突然

　　All at once the door opened. 突然门开了。

　　[即境活用3]　(2007·福建)You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.

　　A．before

　　B．once

　　C．until

　　D．though

　　解析：考查 once引导带有时间意味的条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。

　　答案：B

　　4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

　　一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多么困难。

　　no matter ，作“不管”“无论”解，同 what/who/when/where/how 等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。

　　①No matter what he says, I won't believe him.

　　不管他说什么，我都不会相信他。

　　②No matter when you come, you are welcome.

　　无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。

　　③No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管这是谁的包，暂时必须放在这里。

　　④No matter who knocks, don't open the door.

　　不管谁敲门，都不要开门。

　　提示：(1)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以换成 whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从句。

　　(2)whatever, whichever，whoever, whomever 还可以引导名词性从句。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。

　　(3)however 是副词，修饰形容词、副词＋主＋谓； whatever 是代词，修饰的是名词。如：

　　①However difficult it is, you must work it out.

　　不管有多难，你都要解决这件事。

　　②Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.

　　不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。

　　[即境活用4](1)(2008·上海)______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.

　　A．However

　　B．Whatever

　　C．No matter

　　D．Although

　　解析：考查 “however＋adj.＋主＋系动词”引导让步状语从句。

　　答案：A

　　(2)(2008·全国Ⅰ)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season.

　　A．whatever

　　B．wherever

　　C．whenever

　　D．however

　　解析：whatever 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管什么”。该句后半部分的完整形式应该是 whatever the season is。

　　答案：A

　　B1U4

　　●重点句型

　　1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家院子里，鸡和猪都烦躁不安，以致不吃食。

　　2．It seemed as if the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日！

　　3．All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。

　　1．It seemed as if the world was at an end!

　　世界似乎到了末日！

　　It seems (to sb.) that... (对某人来说)似乎……

　　＝Sb. seems to do/to be doing/to have done...

　　It seems as if/though... “似乎(好像)……”，可接虚拟语气。

　　seem＋(to be)＋n./adj. 似乎是……

　　There seems to be... 好像有……

　　It seems so. (＝So it seems.) 似乎是那样。

　　①It seemed that he had known the truth.＝He seemed to have known the truth. 他好像知道了真相。

　　②His father seems (to be) strict.

　　他父亲似乎很严厉。

　　③There seemed to be a voice in the distance.

　　似乎远处有人说话。

　　④It always seemed as though everything in my childhood had just happened.我童年的一切仿佛刚刚发生一样。

　　辨析：seem/look/appear

　　(1)seem 暗含有一定的根据，往往是接近实际的判断，后可接介词、形容词、不定式或从句。

　　(2)look 着重由视觉而得出的印象，可与 like连用，但不能与不定式连用。可接 as if从句，不接 that从句。

　　(3)appear 强调外表给人的印象，而且事实往往并非如此。可接 that从句，不接 as if从句。

　　[即境活用1]—What a noise! I can hardly stand it.

　　—It ______ as if they are having a party next door.

　　A．looksB．seems

　　C．appears

　　D．happens

　　解析：C、D项不接 as if从句。A项不合题意。考查 It seems as if...句式。

　　答案：B

　　2．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家院子里，鸡和猪都烦躁不安，以致不吃食。

　　too...to... 句型表示“太……以至于不能……(表否定)”，可转化为 not...enough to...和 so...that...。

　　The child is too young to dress himself.

　　The child is not old enough to dress himself.

　　The child is so young that he can't dress himself.

　　这孩子太小，不能够自己穿衣。

　　提示：(1)当 too后接 easy, ready, happy, willing, eager 或 anxious时，to 后的动词表示肯定。例如：

　　The book is too easy to understand.

　　这本书太容易理解了。

　　He was too anxious to leave.

　　他急于离开。

　　(2)too...not to... 句式表示肯定意思。例如：

　　He is too careful not to have noticed it.

　　他那么细心，不会不注意到这一点的。

　　(3)too...to...中 too前面用了否定词(如 never)时，表示肯定。例如：

　　It is never too late to mend.

　　改过不嫌晚。

　　(4)only too...to...表示肯定，其中 too后的形容词多数是表示某种心情的，如 glad, pleased, willing, thankful, delighted, determined 等，也有描绘性的形容词，如 good, kind, true等。例如：

　　The girl is only too kind to help us.

　　这姑娘非常乐于帮助我们。

　　[即境活用2]　Jim is a kind boy. He is ______willing to help his classmates.

　　A．so

　　B．such

　　C．much

　　D．too

　　解析：too＋glad/pleased/willing...to...表示肯定意义。如用A项应改为 so...as to才对。

　　答案：D

　　3．All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。

　　此句为部分否定。all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, all the time, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether 等代词、形容词和副词与否定词 not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都、并非都”的意思。

　　①All that glitters is not gold.

　　发光的并不一定都是金子。

　　②Both of the brothers don't like the film.

　　兄弟俩不都喜欢这部电影。

　　③Not everything went well with him.

　　他并非每件事情都顺利。

　　④Not all of the rich are happy.

　　不是所有有钱人都幸福。

　　⑤The rich are not always happy.

　　有钱人并非总是幸福。

　　⑥You can't fool all the people all the time.

　　你未必总是能愚弄所有的人。

　　拓展：全部否定用：no one, none, neither, nobody, nothing，以及 not...any/either来表示。

　　①None of them are right. 他们都不对。

　　②Neither of us will go. 我们俩都不去。

　　③Nobody can win me. 没人能赢我。

　　[即境活用3]　(1)—The exam wasn't difficult at all, was it?

　　—No, but I don't believe ______could pass it.

　　A．somebody

　　B．anybody

　　C．everybody

　　D．nobody

　　解析：not与 everybody 连用表示部分否定。

　　答案：C

　　(2)(2008·全国Ⅰ)—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?

　　—Actually I didn't like ______.

　　A．both of them

　　B．either of them

　　C．none of them

　　D．neither of them

　　解析：not... either＝neither 表示全部否定。

　　答案：B