X8U1
2.means n.手段;方法 3.majority n.大多数;大半→minority n.少数 6.percentage n.百分比;百分率 7.boom n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣 vi.处于经济迅速发展时期 8.applicant n.申请人→apply v.申请→application n.申请 9.customs n.海关;关税;进口税
12.luggage n.行李 17.punishment n.处罚;惩罚→punish v.惩罚;处罚 18.justice n.正义;公平→injustice(反义词)
1.means n. 方法;手段 by all means 务必;一定;当然可以 by any means 无论如何 by no means 决不(用于句首时引起部分倒装) by this/these means 用这种/这些办法 by means of 依靠……方法,借助……手段
[即学即练1](1)Taking a plane is ________________________ getting there. 去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。 (2)All possible means ______ been tried. =Every possible means ______ been tried. 所有(每一种)可能的办法都已经试过了。
the quickest means of/have/has
(3)This plan must be realized __________________. 这个计划必须完成。 (4)Thoughts are expressed __________________ words. 思想靠语言来表达。 (5)By no means __________________ left alone. 绝不能把他单独留下。
by all means/by means of/should he be
提示:(1)means 表示“方法、方式、手段”,其单复数同形。当 means 做主语且有 every, each 等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有 some, several, many, few, all 等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。 (2)by this means 强调的是“有条理的办事方法”;in this way 强调的是“用简便的方法”,in 有时候可以省略;with this method 强调的是“用已形成的系统的、理论的方法”。
2.majority n. 大多数,大半 the majority 大多数(其做主语表整体时,谓语用单数; 若表成员情况时,谓语用复数。) the majority of+n. [U]+单数谓语 the majority of+n. [pl.]+复数谓语 be in the majority 占大多数 by/with a majority of 以大多数……赢得……
[即学即练2](1)____________ were present at the meeting.大多数人出席了会议。 (2)__________________ the people seem to prefer watching games to playing games. 大部分人似乎喜欢观看比赛胜于参加比赛。
The majority/The majority of
(3)He was elected by ________________________ 765. 他以765票的多数票当选。
a large majority of
8.a good/great many 许多,很多 a good/great many=many=a great number of+n. (pl.) a great many of them (us) (代词) the (these, those)+n. (pl.) many a+单数可数名词+单数谓语动词
[即学即练8](1)Tom found that there were __________________________ people already there. 汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了。 (2)It seems that ________________________ them are out of work now. 似乎他们中的许多人现在失业了。
a great/good many/a great/good many of
(3)Many a student ______ this song. 很多学生喜欢这首歌。
likes
1. means/manner/method/approach/way (1)means表示“方法”“手段”“工具”“财产”,与of搭配。 (2)manner表示“方式”“方法”,指个人喜欢采用的方式,与of搭配。
(3)method指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象概念的原理,与of搭配。 (4)way是最通用的词,也是最不正式的词。本义是“通路”,引申作“方式”“方法”讲,含义很广,与of或动词不定式搭配。 (5)approach也有“方法,步骤,途径”的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式。与toward或to搭配。
[应用1] (1)This book provides a good _____________ to psychology. 本书提供研究心理学的良好门径。 (2)The _____________ of their meeting makes a good story. 他们相见的方式似乎有些传奇色彩。
Approach /manner
(3)The quickest ___________ of travel is by plane. 最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。 (4)In this _____________ over several days, the artist and his mouse became friends. 就这样过了几天,这位艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友。 (5)He is a man of ________.他是个有条理的人。
Means/way/method
X8U2
2.twin n.双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一 adj.成对的;成双的 5.breakthrough n.突破 18.drawback n.缺点;不利条件 19.feather n. 羽毛 X8U3
3.product n.产品 6.caution n.小心,谨慎→cautious adj.小心的,谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地,谨慎地 9.file n.文件;档案;文件夹 vt.提交;将……归档 14.current n.(水或气)流;电流 adj.现在的;当前的 18.competence n.能力;胜任;本领
case构成的短语的用法 [应用] (1)It is reported that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow, ______ the hike would be put off. A.in any case
B.in which case C.in no case
D.in case
答案:B
解析:该题考查case的相关短语及定语从句,根据前面说“据说明天有大雨”,可知hike在这种情况下要推迟,which引导定语从句,指代整个主句。
(2)-The first bus has just left and the next bus will come in twenty minutes. -______, we will have to wait. A.In this case
B.In this way C.By this means
D.In the end
答案:A
(3)John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ______ he phones. A.as long as
B.in order that C.in case
D.so that
答案:C
解析:as long as意为“只要”,in order that意为“为了”,in case意为“以防”,so that意为“以致;为了”。in case引导条件状语从句。
(4)I don’t think I’ll need any money, but I’ll bring some ______. A.at last
B.in case C.once again
D.in time
答案:B
解析:根据句子中所说自己目前不需要钱,可是要带一点备用或者以防万一。in case是“以防万一”的意思,恰好符合此意。in time是“及时,恰好,迟早”的意思。
(5)You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ______ you have to wait. A.even if
B.as if C.in case
D.in order that
答案:C
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1.adaptation n.适应(性);改编本→adapt vt.改编,(使)适应 4.outcome n.结果;效果 7.remark n.谈论;言论;评述 vt. & vi.谈论;评论;说起 9.acquaintance n.相识,了解,熟人 10.fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱 11.status n.身份;地位;职位 16.compromise n. & vi.妥协;折衷 6.acquaintance n. [C]认识的人,熟人;[U]认识,有交情;了解 have acquaintance with sb. 与……认识,有交情 have acquaintance with sth. 对……了解 make sb.‘s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb. 与某人初次相见、结识某人 on first acquaintance 初次相见时
[即学即练6](1)I ________________________ at a party. 我是在一个聚会上认识他的。 (2)He has some little ____________________ the English language. 他稍微会一点儿英语。
made his acquaintance/acquaintance with
1.acquaintance/friend/companion (1)acquaintance熟人,相识的人;尤指在工作和事业中认识的人。 (2)friend朋友;指关系密切、感情较深者。 (3)companion同伴,伙伴;指共同参加某种活动或在某种情况下同甘共苦的人。
[应用1] (1)a traveling ______________旅伴 (2)a trusted ___________________知已 (3)a nodding ________________点头之交 (4)a ______________ in despair患难之交
Companion/friend/acquaintance/companion
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1.alternative n. 可能的选择 adj.供选择的;其他的 2.starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starve vi.挨饿;饿死 3.accuracy n.精确;准确→accurate adj.准确的;精确的
8.botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物学的,与植物学有关的 9.analysis n.分析→analyses pl.→analyse vt.分析→analyst n.分析者,化验员→analytic(al) adj.分析的,解析的
10.category n.种类;类别;范畴 11.significance n.意义;意思;重要性,重要意义 14.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校
1.alternative n. (两者或两者以上)选择;二选其一;可供选择的东西;替代物 adj. 选其一的;替代的 an alternative to... ……的替代品 have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做…… alternative energy 可替代能源
[即学即练1](1)Have you got an _____________ suggestion? 你有没有其他的建议? (2)You ________________________ marrying or remaining a bachelor.你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉,任你选择。
alternative /have the alternative of
(3)We have ___________________________________.除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。 (4)There is ______________________________. 除了战斗,没有其他的办法。
no alternative but to go on/no alternative but to fight
5.arrest n. 逮捕;拘留 vt. 逮捕;吸引 arrest sb. for 因……而逮捕某人 get arrested 遭逮捕 arrest one‘s attention 引起注意 under arrest 被捕 make an arrest 进行拘捕
[即学即练5](1)Embry __________________ stealing cars.恩布里因为偷车而被捕了。 (2)He was placed _______________________ in 1995. 他在1995年被软禁。 (3)The police expected to ______________________ soon. 警方很快就会进行拘捕。
was arrested for/under house arrest/make an arrest
1.alternative/choice/selection (1)alternative一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。 (2)choice泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择,指选择,挑选,抉择。 (3)selection含有从许多可供选择的人或物中择优选拔的意思。
[应用1] (1)The store offers a wide ______ of fruit and vegetables.商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜。 (2)An unhappy _____________ is before you. Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr Collins, and I will never see you again if you do. 摆在你面前的是个很不幸的难题,你得自己去选择。如果你不嫁给柯林斯先生,你母亲就再也不想见你,而如果你要嫁给他,我就再也不愿见到你。
Choice/alternative
(3)Parents should be careful in their _____________ of the movies their young children see. 家长们在为孩子们挑选电影时应小心谨慎。
selection