Unit 2
Grammar and usage
Attributive clauses（1） ----
Maria Unit 2
Revision
定语从句(attributive clauses)
1. 定义：
2. 先行词(antecedent )
3. 关系词(relative words )
关系词
分类 指人 指物 that
which whose who whom that whose when where why 修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
relative pronouns
（关系代词）
relative adverbs:
（关系副词）
关系词在定语从句中可以作：主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 Mary
is
a
student
who
is
21
years old.
2)
The school
where
he
studied
is
in Shenzhen.
先行词 先行词 关系代词 关系副词 定语从句 主句
定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中的使用
先行词 Subject Object Possessive
persons
things who/ that which/that (whom/who/that)
(which/that) whose whose/ of which
Use proper relative pronouns to complete the sentences. 1.David is a kind person _________always helps others. 2. The book ____________ I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 3. He can’t find the book___________is borrowed from the library. 4. The girl ________________ you have just seen is very good at English. 5. He is a great boy _________name will be remembered.
(which/that) which/that (who/whom/that) whose who/that 定语从句中，关系代词常用that的情况： 1.
当先行词是 all, everything, nothing, anything, none, little, much, the one等不定代词时,常用that引导定语从句。
1）There is nothing (that) I can do.
2）This is all that is left.
3）Have you got anything that belongs to me? 特殊用法
2. 当先行词被 all, any, every, no, some, little, much, very, the only 等词修饰时，常用that引导定语从句。 1) I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
2) You may take home any of these books that you
like.
3) The only thing that we can do is to wait. 当先行词是序数词﹑形容词最高级或被序数词( the first, the last等) ﹑形容词最高级修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
1) The first (thing) that should be done is to get the book.
2) This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.
4. 当先行词是两个或两个以上既有人又有物时，常用that引导定语从句。
1)
He talked about the teachers and schools that they
knew. 5.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，无论先行词是人还是物，常用that引导定语从句。
1） He is no longer the man that he used to be. 1. This is the second book______I have ever written.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D as 2. The fire destroyed all_____was in the building.
A what
B which
C that
D who 3. This is the only answer _____right.
A which we think is
B that we think it is
C that we think is
D which we think it is 4. Tom is not the man______he once was.
A who
B whom
C which
D that B
C C D Fill in the blanks with
relative pronouns. 1. This is the story ____________ we wrote for our storytelling contest. 2. He likes the birthday gifts ____________ his friends gave him. 3. I don’t know the name of the teacher ___________
I met in the computer room. (which/that) (which/that) (who/whom/that)
Conclusion:
The relative pronouns serve as the objects of the __________. verbs Fill in the blanks with
relative pronouns. 4. Daniel is the person ______________ I want to make friends with. 5. Art is the subject ____________ I know little about. 6. The topic ____________ Eric is interested in is Physics. (who/whom/that) (which/that) (which/that) Conclusion:
The relative pronouns serve as the objects of the __________. prepositions Join the sentences with an attributive clause:
1. You were to buy dog food with the money.
2. The money is gone.
The money (which/that) you were to buy dog food with is gone.
The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone. Conclusion:
当关系代词作介词的宾语时, 我们通常把介词放在关系代词之前来引导定语从句, 就是用介词+ which/whom来引导。 注意：
1） 这时关系代词 which 或 whom不能用
that 或 who来代替。
2）which 或 whom 也不能省略。 Rewrite the following sentences 4. Daniel is the person with whom I want to make friends. 5. Art is the subject about which I know little. 6. The topic in which Eric is interested is Physics. Fill in the blanks with “prep.+ which/whom”: 1. Are you interested in any songs ____ _____
you’ve listened. 2. Tomorrow is a particular day ____ _____ his daughter will get married. to
which on
which Fill in the blanks with
relative pronouns: 4. Daniel is the person (who/whom/that) I want to make friends with. 5. Art is the subject (which/that) I know little about. 6. The topic (which/that) Eric is interested in is Physics. 3. This is the knife ____ _____ I usually cut
bread. 4. We can’t live without the sun ____ _____ we get heat and light. The subject ____ _____ Eric is interested is physics. 6. This is the good car ____ _____ I spent all my money. 7. She is the teacher ______ _______all his students show respect . with
which from
which in
which on
which to/for
whom 8. Do you know the girl ____ _____ our head teacher is shaking hands? 9. I can’t find my dictionary ____ _____ I paid over $100 . 10. The teacher ____ _____ you have been waiting is coming in a minute.
with
whom for
which for
which Conclusion:
介词+whom/which结构 中介词的选择主要看两点：
1.与先行词的搭配
2.与定语从句中动词或动词短语的搭配
你有没有看到那座房子？它的屋顶是红的。 Do you see the house? Its roof is red.
Do you see the house whose roof is red?
Do you see the house the roof of which is red?
Do you see the house of which the roof is red?
roof the roof Conclusion:
关系代词 whose 可以用 of which来替换, 但要注意它的形式和位置。 the roof Exercises: 1. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed. (06浙江)
A. of that
B. of which
C. that
D. which
Tip: the first of the three books Exercises: 2.
Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. (07安徽)
A. none of them
B. both of them
C. none of whom
D. neither of whom
Tip: neither of the two people Exercises: 3. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy. (07北京)
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whom
Tip: most of the people Exercises: 4. The man pulled out a gold watch, ______ were made of small diamonds. (08陕西)
A. the hands of whom
B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of
D. the hands of which
Tip: the hands of the watch Homework
Finish the exercises given out after class. * * Book 10_课件_U1_Reading2-8 * * Book 10_课件_U1_Reading2-8