Ⅰ.多项选择
1．(2017·新泰一中高三质检)The rivers have ________， so they will have to spend much money irrigating the crops.
A．dried up
B．built up
C．broken up
D．gone up
[解析]句意：河水干涸了，他们只好花大量的钱来灌溉庄稼。dry up (指河流、井等)干涸；build up 逐渐增强，建立，开发；break up 打碎，分裂，解体；go up上升，增长，升起。由句意可知A项正确。
[答案]A
2．—Shall he come today or tomorrow?
—Up to him.It makes no ________ to me.
A．meaning
B．trouble
C．relation
D．difference
[解析]makes no difference 没关系，没影响。句意：“—他今天来还是明天来？”“—由他决定，对我来说没区别。”
[答案]D
3．(2017·湖北四校期中联考)Most children at school hope that they can ________ activities that appeal to them after class instead of just doing their homework.
A．apply for
B．participate in
C．stick to
D．focus on
[解析]句意：许多孩子希望他们能够课下参加吸引他们的活动而不是只做作业。apply for 申请；stick to 坚持；focus on 专心致志于；participate in “参与，参加”。
[答案]B
4．We ________ the success of the new company.
A．toasted
B．tasted
C．treated
D．targeted
[解析]句意：我们为这家新公司的成功而干杯。此处 toast 为及物动词，意为 “为……而干杯”。taste 尝起来，品尝；treat 对待，款待，宴请；target 以……作为靶子/目标，由此可知，A为最佳选项。
[答案]A
5．As we all know, the ________ of anything among children must be fair.
A．distribution
B．supplies
C．donation
D．separation
[解析]句意：我们都知道，给小孩分发东西时一定要公平。distribution 在此处表示“分配，分发”。其他选项均不符合句意。
[答案]A
6．(2017·杭州学军中学高三质检)If you want to take a good picture in such cloudy conditions, your camera needs ______.
A．adjusting
B．abusing
C．approaching
D．assessing
[解析]句意：如果你想在这样的阴天里照一张好的照片，你的照相机需要调整。adjust 调整，(使)适合；abuse 滥用，虐待；approach 接近，靠近；assess 评估，评定。此处考查 need doing“某物需要被做”，主动表被动。由句意可知A项正确。
[答案]A
7．(2017·浙江萧山中学月考)He was caught by police for his drunk driving and his friend advised him to ________.
A．dry out
B．dry up
C．dry down
D．dry off
[解析]dry out (使)戒酒瘾。dry up (河流，水井)干涸；dry down 干涸；dry off 使干涸。
[答案]A
8．(2017·湖北四校期中联考)Obviously, strengthening strategic partnership is consistent with the ________ interests of the two countries and their peoples.
A．traditional
B．potential
C．fundamental
D．secure
[解析]secure 安全的。句意：显然，加强的策略合作与两个国家和他们人民的安全利益一致。potential 潜在的；traditional 传统的；fundamental基本的。
[答案]D
9．The money ________ for this trip abroad has been ready.
A．in advance
B．in need
C．in charge
D．in trouble
[解析]in need 需要。句意：这次国外旅行需要的钱已经准备好了。in advance 提前；in charge 负责；in trouble 处于困境中。
[答案]B
10．(2017·浙江萧山中学月考)They have made a voluntary ________ to the cause of rural economic improvement.
A．donation
B．congratulation
C．distribution
D．contribution
[解析]make a contribution to 为……做贡献。
[答案]D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2011·江西高考)Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup (基因构成) as human beings.What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival.Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for.Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger.With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的) resources to be found.Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later.Resources may be more than physical possessions.Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration.The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems.Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts (副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers.The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive.Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets.It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.
1．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?
A．To express his doubts.
B．To compare different ideas.
C．To introduce points for discussion.
D．To describe the conditions on Earth.
2．What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?
A．Humans are natureborn to do so.
B．Humans have the tendency to fight.
C．Humans may find new sources of food.
D．Humans don't like to stay in the same place.
3．The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to________.
A．survival chances
B．potential resources
C．unexpected benefits
D．physical possessions
4．What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?
A．Our genetic makeup.
B．Resources on the earth.
C．The adaptive ability of humans.
D．Byproducts in space exploration.
答案与解析
[语篇解读]'本文是一篇议论文。本文主要阐述了人类不停探索太空的原因和好处。
1．C'推理判断题。根据第一段的问题与后面文章的关系可知论述主要是根据前面的问题展开的。
2．A'细节理解题。根据文中第二段第一句话可知。
3．C'词义猜测题。文章第三段主要阐述潜在资源的重要性，并用例子进一步证实自己的观点：过去那些看不见直接用途的研究，已经让我们今天获利。
4．C'细节理解题。由文章最后一段可知。
B
(2010·课标全国)There were smiling children all the way.Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.This is the simple village people of Malaysia.I was moved.
I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car，so this was the first time I was on a train.I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.I looked about the train.There was not one familiar face.I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.
It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia.Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore，so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past.As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green.Then the first village came into sight.Immediately I came alive；I decided to wave back.
From then on my journey became interesting.I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.Then everything came alive.The mountains seemed to speak to me.Even the trees were smiling.I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.
The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry.I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3：00 pm.Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth.I looked at the people all around me.They all looked beautiful.When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug.I had never done this before.He seemed surprised and then his weatherbeaten face warmed up with a huge smile.We walked arm in arm to his car.
I looked forward to the return journey.
1．The author expected the train trip to be________.
A．adventurous
B．pleasant
C．exciting
D．dull
2．What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?
A．The friendly country people.
B．The mountains along the way.
C．The crowds of people in the streets.
D．The simple lunch served on the train.
3．Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph?
A．choose
B．enjoy
C．prepare for
D．carry on
4．Where was the writer going?
A．Johore Baru.
B．The Causeway.
C．Butterworth.
D．Singapore.
答案与解析
[语篇解读] 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者乘坐火车做长途跋涉，看见窗外陌生乡村的村民对列车上的乘客投以微笑，这微笑给她带来了快乐，并由此改变了作者对生活的态度。
1．D 推理判断题。第二段说，作者带了十多本杂志，准备在旅途中一次次地阅读；环顾列车的车厢，没有发现一个熟悉的面孔，“我长叹一声，坐下来读我的《经济学》”，从这些叙述看，作者认为自己这次列车出行会是很枯燥乏味的，于是准备了很多书来打发这枯燥沉闷的旅途。
2．A 事实细节题。第一段说，作者坐在火车上，看见一路上都有村民们微笑的面孔，马来西亚淳朴的乡村人们打动了他；第四段说“我决定融入马来西亚的生活”，从这些信息推断，A“友好的乡村人们”是作者这次旅途记忆最深刻的东西。
3．B 猜测词义题。第二段划线词的语境说，作者不太relish漫长的列车旅途，于是准备了许多本杂志，由此判断划线词的含义是B，她觉得这样的长途火车旅行是很枯燥的，她不喜欢。
4．C 推理判断题。倒数第二段说火车到达Butterworth，她的叔叔到车站接她，由此判断她此行的目的地是Butterworth。
.完成句子
1．________for ten years，his son returned home safely last week，which cheered up the whole family.(hear)
上周十年来杳无音信的儿子回到了家，这使得他全家非常高兴。
2．There are many fans waiting outside of the hotel who______their idol.(die)
许多渴望见到他们的粉丝们等在宾馆外面。
3．The young man________his parents came to visit him.(when)
这个年轻人刚刚出门，这时他的父母来探望他。
4．________the competition，it is difficult for you to defend your championship.(participate)
有这么多学生参加这次竞赛，你很难夺得冠军。
5．They spent a 7day trip in Hong Kong and then went back ________.(run)
他们在香港度过了一个为期7天的旅行，回来的时候把钱都花完了。
6．The old photo often reminds me of the old days________in the nursing house.(voluntary)
这张老照片经常使我想起我们在养老院参加义务劳动的过去时光。
7．I stood at the platform and waited for the man ________.(arrange)
我站在月台上，等着老板派来接我的人。
8．Mr Henry declares that he________the charity organization instead of leaving them to his children.(donate)
亨利先生宣布他将捐出他所有的钱给慈善组织而不是留给他的孩子们。
9．________have you give such a wonderful lecture for our students.(privilege)
对我们学生来说很荣幸你给我们作如此精彩的演讲。
10．The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister________.(stay)
这个女孩被安排和她妹妹在训练中心练习钢琴，在那里她会呆一个小时。
答案
1．Not having been heard from
2．are dying to see
3．had just gone out when
4．With so many students participating in
5．with all the money running out/run out of
6．when we did voluntary labor
7．for whom the boss arranged to meet me
8．will donate all he has to/will donate what he has to
9．It is a privilege for us to
10．where she would stay for an hour