高考真题
1．(2011·全国Ⅰ)Planning so far ahead ________ no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
A. made
B. is making
C. makes
D. has made
[解析]句意：这么早做计划没有什么意义——到明年很多事情就会变了。一般现在时指经常发生的事或存在的状态，由译文可知本句表达目前的状况，符合一般现在时的概念，故答案为C项。
[答案]C
2．(2011·全国Ⅰ)I wasn't sure if he was really interested or if he ________ polite.
A. was just being
B. will just be
C. had just been
D. would just be
[解析]句意：我不敢确定他是真感兴趣还是仅仅是客套一下。由前文 I wasn't sure if he was... 及并列连词 or 来判断，此处应为过去时，故排除B项；本句并不表示“过去的过去”，也不表示“过去的将来”，故排除C、D两项；本句表示暂时的情况，故用过去进行时态。
[答案]A
3．(2011·全国Ⅰ)When Alice came to life, she did not know how long she ________ there.
A. had been lying
B. has been lying
C. was lying
D. has lain
[解析]句意：当艾丽丝苏醒过来的时候，她不知道自己已在那儿躺了多久。由句意可知，“她躺在那儿”发生在 came to life 和 did not know 之前且表示动作的延续，应用过去完成进行时，故答案为A项。
[答案]A
4．(2011·全国Ⅱ)If you don't like the drink you ________， just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered
B. are ordering
C. will order
D. had ordered
[解析]句意：如果你不喜欢你要的饮料，那就别喝了，试试其他的(饮料)吧。由语境可知，点饮料是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时。
[答案]A
5．(2011·山东)When I got on the bus, I ________ I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing
B. realized
C. have realized
D. would realize
[解析]句意：当我上了公共汽车的时候，我意识到我把钱包忘在家里了。题干在陈述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。A是过去进行时；C是现在完成时；D是过去将来时，与语境不符。
[答案]B
6．(2011·山东)She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children ________ everything!
A. had been eating
B. had eaten
C. have eaten
D. have been eating
[解析]句意：发现冰箱空了她很吃惊，孩子们已经吃光了一切！孩子们吃光冰箱里的东西发生在 She was surprised to find...之前，即过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，故选B。
[答案]B
7．(2011·天津)In the last few years thousands of films______ all over the world.
A. have produced
B. have been produced
C. are producing
D. are being produced
[解析]句意：在过去的几年里，全世界已经制作了几千部电影。in the last/past few years (在过去的几年里)通常与现在完成时连用；另外，根据句意及句子结构可知：此句为被动含义，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态形式。
[答案]B
8．(2011·天津)On her next birthday, Ann ________ married for twenty years.
A. is
B. has been
C. will be
D. will have been
[解析]句意：到下一次过生日的时候，Ann 结婚就要满二十年了。根据句中的 next birthday 可知要用将来时，排除A、B两项；根据 for twenty years 可知要表达“完成”之意，所以设空处用将来完成时。
[答案]D
9．(2011·江西)We ________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A. will put
B. will have put
C. would put
D. would have put
[解析]句意：要不是 John 最近受伤了，我们昨天就把他的名字加到了比赛的名单上了。根据题干所提供的信息，可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”。因此答案为D项。
[答案]D
10．(2011·江西)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night.
A. broke
B. had broken
C. has broken
D. was breaking
[解析]句意：我们早上到达办公室的时候发现有人在夜间闯进过办公室。根据题中的 in the morning 和 during the night 可以知道 break into 这个动作应该在 find 这个动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
[答案]B
11．(2011·陕西)His first novel ________ good reviews since it came out last month.
A. receives
B. is receiving
C. will receive
D. has received
[解析]句意：他的第一本小说自从上个月出版以来受到了良好的评价。根据 since it came out last month 可知本句应用现在完成时，故选择D项。
[答案]D
12．(2011·北京)Experiments of this kind ________ in both the U．S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
[解析]句意：第二次世界大战之前，在美国和欧洲就曾彻底地进行过这种实验。experiments 与 conduct 之间为被动关系，故排除A项和C项。conduct 这一动作发生在第二次世界大战之前，即：过去的过去，所以用过去完成时，故选择D项。
[答案]D
13．(2011·北京)Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
[解析]句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆一直每晚都在图书馆工作。根据时间状语 over the last three months 可知用现在完成进行时，故选C项。
[答案]C
14．(2011·北京)—That must have been a long trip.
—Yeah, it ________ us a whole week to get there.
A. takes
B. has taken
C. took
D. was taking
[解析]句意：——那肯定是一次很长的旅程。——是的，我们花了整整一周的时间才到达那里。must have done 用来表示对过去肯定事实的推测，由此判断语境指过去，故排除A项；B项为现在完成时，强调对现在造成的结果或影响，属于现在时态范畴，故排除；D项为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作，不符合语境，也应排除。题干只是在陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故选C。
[答案]C
15．(2011·北京)—Bob has gone to California.
—Oh, can you tell me when he ________？
A. has left
B. left
C. is leaving
D. would leave
[解析]句意：——鲍勃已经去了加利福尼亚。——哦，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的吗？由第一句可知此人已经离开，故排除C、D两项。has left 为现在完成时，强调对现在的影响和结果，而此处仅用来询问过去的一种事实，故排除A项，选择B项。
[答案]B
16．(2011·福建)Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ________ from China.
A. receive
B. are receiving
C. have received
D. had received
[解析]句意：上个月，日本政府对从中国得到的援助表示感谢。分析题干可知，日本政府是在上个月表示感谢，是过去时态；日本收到中国的援助发生在此之前，为“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时态，所以正确答案为D项。
[答案]D
17．(2011·浙江)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ________ in his place, but luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
A. gave
B. gives
C. was giving
D. had given
[解析]句意：助理正在替经理举行资讯发布会，这使得他很担心，但幸运的是，一切进展顺利。根据题干中的 was worried 及 was going 可知设空处表示过去正在进行的情况，故答案为C项。
[答案]C
18．(2011·江苏)—I hear you ________ in a pub. What's it like?
—Well, it's very hard work and I'm always tired, but I don't mind.
A. are working
B. will work
C. were working
D. will be working
[解析]句意：——我听说你在酒吧工作，这份工作怎么样？——哦，很辛苦，我总是觉得累，但我不介意。由 I'm always tired, but I don't mind 可知现在还在做这份工作，故排除B、C、D三项，选择A项。
[答案]A
19．(2011·江苏)The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ________ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A. suggest
B. suggests
C. suggested
D. suggesting
[解析]句意：有许多人依旧在公共场合吸烟，这一事实表明我们也许需要搞一次全国性的活动来提高人们对于吸烟危害性的认识。the fact 后跟同位语从句，设空处为主句的谓语动词，故排除D项；由题干中的 smoke 和 may 等可知语境指现在的情况，故排除C项。本句主语为 the fact，且本句陈述的是一个事实，故谓语动词应采用第三人称单数形式，故选B。
[答案]B
20．(2011·江苏)—Tommy is planning to buy a car.
—I know. By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.
A. saves
B. saved
C. will save
D. will have saved
[解析]句意：——Tommy 正计划买辆车。——我知道。到下个月为止，他就能攒够钱买一辆二手车了。“by＋表将来的时间”作状语，句子(主句)部分谓语动词通常采用将来完成时，故选择D项。
[答案]D
21．(2011·安徽)—What do you think of store shopping in the future?
—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but ________.
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
[解析]句意：——你觉得商店购物的前景如何？——就我个人而言，我认为商店购物会与家居购物并存，但是不会被家居购物所取代。根据句意可知此处应用一般将来时，故排除B和D两项；it 指代 store shopping，与 replace 之间为被动关系，故答案为C项。
[答案]C
22．(2011·安徽)—I didn't ask for the name list. Why______ on my desk?
—I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land
B. has it landed
C. will it land
D. had it landed
[解析]句意：——我没有要名单，为什么名单会在我的桌子上？——我刚放在那儿的，以防你需要。根据句意可知名单现在在桌子上，故用现在时，排除C、D两项；A项为一般现在时，表示习惯或经常性的动作，故排除；这里强调 land 这一动作对现在产生的结果及影响，即：名单已经在桌子上，故用现在完成时，所以选择B项。
[答案]B
23．(2011·湖南)—Joan，what ________ in your hand?
—Look! It's a birthday gift for my grandma.
A. had you held
B. are you holding
C. do you hold
D. will you hold
[解析]句意：——琼，你手里拿着什么？——看！这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。考查在特定语境中正确使用时态的能力。根据句意(琼，你手里拿着什么？)和关键词 Look 可知该题应用现在进行时态，故选B项。
[答案]B
24．(2011·湖南)In 1492, Columbus ________ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.
A. lands
B. landed
C. has landed
D. had landed
[解析]句意：1492年，哥伦布在巴哈马群岛靠岸，但是他把那里误认为是印度沿海的一个岛屿。分析题干可知，本句描述的是发生在过去的事情，故用过去时，排除A、C两项；从时间状语 in 1492和谓语动词 mistook 可以判断B项为正确答案。设空处并不表示“过去的过去”，故排除D项。
[答案]B
25．(2011·湖南)It is the most instructive lecture that I______ since I came to this school.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. am attending
D. have attended
[解析]句意：这是自从我到这所学校以来参加过的最有指导性的演讲。考查在特定语境中正确使用时态的能力。根据主句的谓语动词 is 和从句 since I came to this school 可以判断空格部分应用现在完成时，故选D项。
[答案]D
26．(2011·湖南)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________ by scientists.
A. are making
B. are made
C. will make
D. will be made
[解析]句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将会在机器人技术方面取得更大的进步。根据时间状语 In the near future 可以确定该句的时态为一般将来时，而句子的主语 more advances 和 make 之间是被动关系，故选D项。
[答案]D
27．(2011·辽宁)I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ________.
A. was doing
B. am doing
C. have done
D. had been doing
[解析]句意：我一做完手头上的活就去图书馆。本题考查时态。根据题干所提供的信息可知，设空处表示现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，故答案为B项。
[答案]B
28．(2011·辽宁)By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ________ from college.
A. graduated
B. has graduated
C. had been graduating
D. had graduated
[解析]句意：到杰克从英格兰返回家园时，他的儿子已大学毕业。根据句意可知，设空处说的是过去的事情，故用过去时，排除B项；设空处的动作(graduate)先于 returned 这一动作，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
[答案]D
29．(2011·重庆)That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ the piano upstairs?
A. has played
B. played
C. plays
D. is playing
[解析]句意：那首音乐听起来十分熟悉。谁在楼上弹钢琴？根据句意可知，本句说的是现在的事情且动作尚未完成，故用现在进行时，故答案为D项。
[答案]D
30．(2011·重庆)Look at the pride on Tom's face. He______ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed
B. seems
C. had seemed
D. is seeming
[解析]句意：看汤姆脸上自豪的样子，似乎他刚才受到了经理的表扬。设空处的 seem (似乎)表示现在的情况，故用现在时，排除A、C两项；seem 一般不用于进行时，故排除D项。本句还可改为：It seems that he was praised by the manager just now.
[答案]B
31．(2011·四川)All visitors to this village ________ with kindness.
A. treat
B. are treated
C. are treating
D. had been treated
[解析]句意：所有来这个村庄的游客都受到友好的款待。这里动词 treat 与句子主语 all visitors 是逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态；语境提到 this village，因此这里叙述当前的情况，用一般现在时。由此判断选B。
[答案]B
32．(2011·四川)—What a mistake!
—Yes. I ________ his doing it another way，but without success.
A. was suggesting
B. will suggest
C. would suggest
D. had suggested
[解析]句意：——真是个错误啊！——是啊，我建议过让他用另外一种方法做事，但他不听。从语境看，他已经犯了错误，那么“建议”是在他做事之前的动作，是“过去的过去”，应该用过去完成时，而不是过去进行时、一般将来时或过去将来时。
[答案]D
33．(2011·上海)After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ________ four days later.
A. rescued
B. was rescued
C. has rescued
D. had been rescued
[解析]句意：海军小组的一名成员在暴风雨中迷失四天后获救了。member 和 rescue 之间是被动关系，排除A和C两项；rescue 并非发生于迷失之前，不是“过去的过去”，排除D项，故选B，句子只是在陈述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。
[答案]B
34．(2011·上海)Did you predict that many students ________ up for the dance competition?
A. would sign
B. signed
C. have signed
D. had signed
[解析]句意：你预测到有许多学生会报名参加舞蹈比赛了吗？that 引导宾语从句，由主句中的 did 可排除表现在的C项；根据 predict 可知从句的动作应该发生在将来，故选A过去将来时。
[答案]A
35．(2010·全国Ⅰ)—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
—No, I ________ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing
B. would do
C. had done
D. do
[解析]句意：——你读完《简·爱》了吗？——没有，我昨天一整天都在写作业。从 all day yesterday 可知，昨天一整天都在写作业，用过去进行时表示过去某段时间一直在进行的动作。一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：一般过去时表示过去完整的、已经结束的动作，如果表示过去某个时间或某段时间正在做或一直在做某事则用过去进行时。
[答案]A
36．(2010·全国Ⅰ)When you are home，give a call to let me know you ________ safely.
A. are arriving
B. have arrived
C. had arrived
D. will arrive
[解析]句意：你到家时打个电话给我，让我知道你已安全抵达。从语境看，在打电话时对方“已经到达”，因此这里的宾语从句要用现在完成时，而不是现在进行时、过去完成时或一般将来时。
[答案]B
37．(2010·全国Ⅰ)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands of people to believe that a fortune ________.
A. is made
B. would make
C. was to be made
D. had made
[解析]句意：在澳大利亚发现了金子，这使数以千计的人们认为在那里可以发财。从语境中动作的先后可知，“在那里发财”这一动作发生在“发现了金子”这一动作之后且还未发生，因此 make a fortune (发财)用过去将来时的被动语态。A项的一般现在时、B项的主动语态、D项的过去完成时都不正确。用 was to be made 表示将来的可能性。故选C。
[答案]C
38．(2010·山东)Up to now, the programme ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save
B. saves
C. had saved
D. has saved
[解析]句意：迄今为止，这个项目已经救了好几千名孩子。如果没有这项工程，这些孩子早就死了。up to now 相当于 by now，要与现在完成时连用。
[答案]D
39．(2010·天津)We ________ on this project for four hours. Let's have a rest.
A. are working
B. have been working
C. worked
D. had worked
[解析]句意：我们已经连续做这个工程四个小时了，休息一下吧。根据语境中“休息一下吧”可知工作尚未完成，又结合题干中的 for four hours, 可推知设空处应该用现在完成进行时态。
[答案]B
40．(2010·上海)Every few years, the coal workers ________ their lungs Xrayed to ensure their health.
A. are having
B. have
C. have had
D. had had
[解析]句意：每隔几年，煤矿工人们都要对肺部进行X光检查，以确保身体健康。根据 every few years (每隔几年)可知动作是经常性的，有规律的，所以用一般现在时。
[答案]B
模拟精选
1．(2017·海淀区期中)—I'm trying to find yesterday's newspaper. Have you seen it?
—I'm afraid that I ________ it away. I thought you had finished reading it.
A．threw
B．had thrown
C．throw
D．will throw
[解析]表示过去的客观事实，用一般过去时态。
[答案]A
2．(2017·河南南阳镇平高三月考)Excited to see you back safe and sound from Libya. How long ________ in Libya?
A．have you stayed
B．did you stay
C．had you stayed
D．would you stay
[解析]表示过去的客观事实，用一般过去时。
[答案]B
3．(2017·江西临川一中，新余四中期中联考)—I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.
—I suppose you ________ too fast.
A．had driven
B．drove
C．have driven
D．were driving
[解析]表示过去特定的时间在做某事，用过去进行时。
[答案]D
4．(2011·锦州期末)Nino Hernandez, who ________ only 10kg and is regarded as the world's shortest living man, has not grown since he was 2 years old.
A. weighed
B. had weighed
C. weighs
D. has been weighed
[解析]句意：Nino Hernandez 的体重只有10公斤，被看作是世界上活着的最矮小的人，自他两岁大就不长了。由语境可知“他只有10公斤重”是一个事实，故应用一般现在时。
[答案]C
5．(2011·北京东城期末)—Hello, I ________ to ask if I can book two tickets for tonight's film.
—Sorry, we've already sold out.
A. phone
B. will phone
C. am phoning
D. have phoned
[解析]本题考查动词时态。句意：—你好，我打电话来问问我能否订两张今晚的电影票。—很抱歉，票已售完。由语境可知，phone 的动作正在进行，故应用现在进行时。
[答案]C
6．(2011·巢湖一检)—Ready to quit guessing, Sandy?
—No, no, I hold on! I think I ________ to the answer.
A. come
B. have come
C. came
D. am coming
[解析]本题考查动词的时态。句意：—Sandy，准备放弃猜了吗？—噢，不，再等一下！我想我就要找到答案了。由语境可知，此处用现在进行时表将来，表示动作即将发生。
[答案]D
7．(2011·福建期中质检)—Hello, Peter. Do you enjoy your stay in Hainan?
—I ________ in Hainan. The flood stopped me from going there. So I came to Shanghai.
A. haven't stayed
B. am not staying
C. didn't stay
D. do not stay
[解析]句意：—你好，彼得。你喜欢待在海南吗？—我现在不在海南。洪水使我没去那儿。因此，我去了上海。由语境可知，此处表示“我此时此刻没在海南，而在上海”，故应用现在进行时。
[答案]B
8．(2011·济宁质检)Remember to save what you ________ on once in a while in case the computer suddenly crashes.
A. work
B. will work
C. are working
D. worked
[解析]句意：记得偶尔把你正在做的事情保存一下以防电脑突然死机。由语境可知这里强调 work 动作正在进行，故应用现在进行时。
[答案]C
9．(2011·临沂抽检)—John seems happy, even though his wife left him and he lost his job.
—I think he ________ to put on a brave face.
A. will try
B. has tried
C. tries
D. is trying
[解析]句意：—虽然妻子离开了，他也失业了，但约翰好像看上去很高兴。—我想他在强颜欢笑。由语境可知，此处表示一段时间里持续的动作，应用现在进行时。
[答案]D
10．(2011·盐城一调)—I hate school; it's not for me. I think I'll quit.
—You ________ stupid! It takes effort now, but later you will benefit from it.
A. will be
B. are being
C. have been
D. were being
[解析]句意：—我讨厌学校，它不适合我。我想我要退学了。—你真傻！现在需要努力，但以后你会受益的。由语境可知强调现在的状态，故B项正确。
[答案]B
11．(2011·山东聊城第一学期期末)Don't call me at eight o'clock tomorrow morning, for I ________ a meeting then.
A. will have
B. will be having
C. will have had
D. am going to have
[解析]句意：明天上午8点钟别给我打电话，因为到时我将正在开会。由语境可知，此处强调“将来某一时间动作将正在进行”，故应用将来进行时，B项正确。
[答案]B
12．(2011·皖南八校第一次联考)—The film Tangshan Earthquake will be at 7：30 pm. Shall I pick you up at 6：40 pm?
—OK, I ________ you at that time.
A. was waiting for
B. shall be waiting for
C. have been waiting for
D. shall have waited for
[解析]根据上文可知这里表示下午6：40即将来正在发生的事情，所以用将来进行时。
[答案]B
13．(2011·辽宁高三阶段测试)—Where have you been recently?
—I ________ in Beijing on business for a week last month.
A. have worked
B. was working
C. have been working
D. worked
[解析]根据句子中关键词 last month 可知属于过去的时态，再结合语境可知句子译文如下：—最近你去哪儿了？—上个月我到北京出差一个星期。所以选择 worked 最佳。
[答案]D
14．(2011·北京丰台期末)—Haven't I told you that you should be home earlier?
—Yes, but I ________ home earlier than I usually do.
A. was coming
B. will come
C. came
D. had come
[解析]句意：—难道我没告诉你应该早点回家吗？—是的，但是我已比平常早回家了。由语境可知，come 动作发生在两人对话之前，两人对话现在正在进行，也就是说come 动作发生在现在之前，即发生在过去，应用一般过去时态。
[答案]C
15．(2011·厦门期末质检)He was admitted into Beijing University and years of his hard work ________ eventually.
A. paid off
B. were paid off
C. had paid off
D. had been paid off
[解析]句意：他被北京大学录取了，他多年的努力最后终于得到了回报。pay off“得到回报”，为不及物动词短语，不用被动语态；又由语境可知，pay off 动作应发生在过去，应用一般过去时态，A项正确。
[答案]A
16．(2011·厦门期末质检)—Does your Dad quit smoking, Jenny?
—Yes, but he ________ for almost ten years.
A. smoked
B. was smoking
C. has smoked
D. had smoked
[解析]句意：—珍妮，你父亲戒烟了吗？—是的，但他吸烟大约十年了。由语境可知，吸烟10年发生在现在戒烟之前，即过去，故应用一般过去时态，A项正确。
[答案]A
17．(2011·山西考前训练)—Oh, it's you, Mrs Johnson! I ________ you.
—I've just changed my hair style and I am wearing a new dress.
A. don't recognize
B. didn't recognize
C. haven't recognized
D. won't recognize
[解析]句意：—噢，是你啊，约翰逊太太。我没认出你来。—我刚换了发型，还穿着新裙子。由语境可知，“not recognize”动作发生在对话之前，即过去，故应用一般过去时态，B项正确。
[答案]B
18．(2011·宁夏银川第五次月考)I had wanted to help you last night but I couldn't spare any time, for I ________ a composition which I have to hand in this morning.
A. wrote
B. was writing
C. had written
D. have written
[解析]解答此题的关键是从句子中寻找时间状语。此处暗示的时间状语为 last night。句意：昨晚，我本想帮你，可是我没能抽出时间，因为我当时在写我今天早晨要交的作文。由此可知，选择 was writing 最佳。
[答案]B
19．(2011·泰安期末考试)—Since you love pets so much, why not adopt one?
—That's exactly what I ________.
A. have thought
B. was thinking
C. had thought
D. will think
[解析]句意：—既然你这么喜欢宠物，为什么不收养一只呢？—这也恰好是我刚才想的。由语境可知，此处表示过去瞬间内发生的动作，应用过去进行时。
[答案]B
20．(2011·福建龙岩第一次教学质检)—Can you give me some advice on what I said just now?
—Sorry, my mind ________.
A. has wondered
B. had wondered
C. is wondering
D. was wondering
[解析]句意：—你能就我刚才说的给我提点建议吗？—抱歉，我刚才走神了。由语境可知，wonder 为过去瞬间内发生的动作，指“对方说话时自己走神了”，故应用过去进行时态，D项正确。
[答案]D
21．(2011·吉林东北第三次摸底)This is the second time I ________ the Himalayas as a college student.
A. climb
B. had climbed
C. climbed
D. have climbed
[解析]分析句子可知此题属于固定结构的考查：This is/was the＋first/second(序数词)．..time(that)＋主语＋现在完成时/过去完成时＋...。例如：This is the first time that I has gone to Beijing.这是我第一次去北京。It was the second time that she had been there.这是她第二次到那儿。所以此题选择 have climbed。
[答案]D
22．(2011·抚顺六校联考)The last few years ________ many disasters in and out of China, from earthquake to drought.
A. see
B. are seeing
C. have seen
D. saw
[解析]句意：刚刚过去的几年见证了国内外从地震到干旱的许多自然灾害。分析结构可知，the last few years 为句子主语，含有它的句子要用现在完成时，强调对现在造成的结果，故C项正确。
[答案]C
23．(2011·徐州一检)—Hello, John, how are you? Are you busy now?
—Not really. I ________ my report. And now I am watching an American movie on TV.
A. finished
B. have finished
C. had finished
D. have been finishing
[解析]句意：—约翰，你好吗？现在忙吗？—不很忙。我刚完成报告。现在我正在电视上看一部美国电影。由语境可知，finish 动作发生在过去，强调的是对现在造成的结果，故应用现在完成时，B项正确。
[答案]B
24．(2011·福州八中第一次质检)Kate ________ on her new novel, which is supposed to come out next month.
A. has been working
B. had worked
C. will be working
D. was working
[解析]句意：凯特一直在忙着写她的新小说，这部小说应该下个月出版。由语境可知，work 动作发生在过去，持续到现在，而且动作一直在进行并将继续下去，故应用现在完成进行时，A项正确。
[答案]A
25．(2011·杭州一检)The temperature ________ to minus 3 in London and it is likely to get even colder as the day goes on.
A. will have fallen
B. had fallen
C. has been falling
D. falls
[解析]句意：伦敦的气温已降到零下3度，随着时间的推移，有可能会更冷。fall 动作发生在过去，持续到现在，而且动作一直在进行，故应用现在完成进行时。
[答案]C
26．(2011·福州第五次质检)Guangzhou was the second Chinese city to host the Asian Games because Beijing ________ the event before.
A. had held
B. was held
C. held
D. had been held
[解析]句意：广州是第二个举办亚运会的中国城市，因为北京以前也举办过。由语境可知，“北京举办亚运会”应发生在广州举办亚运会之前，即过去的过去，故应用过去完成时，A项正确。
[答案]A
27．(2011·吉林东北第三次摸底)I was just going to move away the heavy case but someone ________ it. Was it you?
A. has done
B. would do
C. had done
D. will do
[解析]句意：我正打算挪走那个重箱子，但是已经有人挪走了(had done)。是你吗？由句子中的时态 was 可知：有人挪走箱子(had done)发生在我计划挪(was going to move)箱子之前，故此选择 had done 过去完成时。
[答案]C
28．(2011·黑龙江哈九中期末)—Why didn't you come to my party? I was so disappointed at your absence.
—I'm very sorry. I ________ but I had a visitor at the last minute.
A. would like have
B. would like to
C. had planned to
D. were going to
[解析]英语中有一些动词，如 intend，mean，want，suppose，expect，plan，hope，think 等的过去完成时表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事，也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意图或希望等，含有某种惋惜的意味。第二句句意：非常抱歉。我本计划来参加你的宴会，可是那时家里来了客人。
[答案]C
29．(2011·吉安期末质评)Could I do some explanations? I ________ to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
A. had intended
B. intended
C. would intend
D. was intending
[解析]句意：我能解释一下吗？我昨天本打算去拜访你，但我刚要出发时，有人来看我。had intended to do 表示“本打算做……”，叙述过去没做成的事，故A项正确。
[答案]A
30．(2011·宁波八校联考)—Got your driving license?
—No. I ________ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn't take the driving test last week.
A. will be
B. am
C. have been
D. had been
[解析]句意：—拿到驾照了吗？—没有。我当时太忙了，没进行足够的训练，因此，我没去参加上周的驾照考试。由语境可知，“太忙没进行足够的训练”发生在上周之前，即动作发生在过去的过去，故应用过去完成时，D项正确。
[答案]D
31．(2011·徐州一检)—Susan was happy like crazy!
—Oh, yes! Her parents approved of her adventurous trip to Africa that she ________ for years.
A. has been expecting
B. was expecting
C. had been expecting
D. would be expecting
[解析]句意：—Susan高兴得疯了！—当然！她父母同意了她期盼多年的梦想，即非洲冒险之旅。由语境分析，expect 动作发生在 approve 之前，并且 expect 动作在过去的过去持续了一段时间，故应用过去完成进行时，C项正确。
[答案]C
32．(2011·山东莱芜高三复习诊断)The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they ________.
A. were playing
B. were to play
C. had played
D. played
[解析]句意：我们公司制造的电脑最畅销了，但几年前，没人可以想像得到电脑在市场上所起的作用。由语境可知，此处表示“从过去看将来”，应用过去将来时或was/were to do，故B项正确。
[答案]B
33．(2011·温州十校期末联考)With the strong economy and unemployment down, beautiful housing ________ to meet demand.
A. has build
B. is being built
C. is building
D. was built
[解析]由语境可知，beautiful housing 与 build 的动作之间为动宾关系，并且 build 动作正在进行，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，B项正确。
[答案]B
34．(2011·福州期末质检)The actor still remembers the excitement in his class when a female classmate ________ for a key role in a Zhang Yimou's film.
A. is chosen
B. chose
C. had been chosen
D. was chosen
[解析]句意：那个男演员仍旧记得当一个女同学被选中出演张艺谋电影的主角时班里的激动之情。由语境可知，classmate 与 choose 之间为动宾关系，并且动作发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，D项正确。
[答案]D
35．(2011·北京丰台第一学期期末)He collected information on 1,000 people, whose IQ ________ when they were ten years old.
A. is tested
B. has tested
C. would test
D. had been tested
[解析]句意：他收集了1,000人的信息，他们的智商在10岁时已测试过。由语境可知，test 动作发生在过去；并且 IQ 与 test 之间为动宾关系，故D项正确。
[答案]D
36．(2011·北京东城第一学期期末)The examination will begin at 10：30. Those who come late ________ to the examination room.
A. have not been admitted
B. don't admit
C. will not be admitted
D. didn't admit
[解析]句意：考试将于10点半开始。迟到者不准入场。those 与 admit 之间为动宾关系，排除B、D两项；又由语境可知，admit 动作还未发生，故应用一般将来时的被动语态，C项正确。
[答案]C
37． (2011·江苏无锡高三期末)The nine coal miners ________ in the coal mine for 20 hours before we came to their rescue in Yanshan County, Jiangxi Province.
A. had trapped
B. had been trapping
C. would have been trapped
D. had been trapped
[解析]trap 与 the coal miners 之间是动宾关系，并且动作发生在 came 之前，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，D项正确。
[答案]D
38．(2011·宁波期末)—Why do you look so worried?
—My computer broke down and my essay ________ unfinished since.
A. had left
B. has left
C. was left
D. has been left
[解析]句意：—你为什么看上去这么着急？—我的电脑出故障了，自那之后，我的文章就没完成。由语境可知，since 为 since my computer broke down 的省略形式，为现在完成时的时间状语；并且 my essay 与 leave 之间为动宾关系，故D项正确。
[答案]D
39．(2011·镇江期末调研)—When did you move to Zhenjiang?
—In 2010. And I ________ in Tibet for ten years.
A. have worked
B. was working
C. have been working
D. worked
[解析]句意：—你什么时候搬去镇江的？—在2010年。我在西藏工作了10年。由时间状语 for ten years，学生易错选成A、C两项；而由语境可知，此处在西藏工作10年是过去一段时间里发生的事情，用一般过去时，D项正确。
[答案]D
40．(2011·江西师大附中期中考试)The world's elderly population will exceed
that of children by 2060, when each group ________ to account for about one fifth of the population.
A．expects
B．will expect
C．is expected
D．will be expected
[解析]主句用一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时；each group 与 expect 之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。
[答案]C