10. ______ twice,
the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
［2009北京, 34］ A. Being bitten
B. Bitten C. Having bitten
D. To be bitten 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为：由于被狗咬了两次, 邮递员拒绝给我们送信, 除非我们把狗拴住。the postman与bite之间是被动关系, 并且bite动作已经发生, 因此用bitten。A项表被动进行; D项表示被动将来; C项表示主动完成; 均不符合语境。 11. ______ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
［2009浙江, 3］ A. To be tired
B. Tired C. Tiring
D. Being tired 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意为：虽然疲惫不堪, 气喘吁吁, 安迪和鲁比还是第一批登上泰山山顶的。tired是过去分词相当于形容词。tired and short of breath作状语。A项表目的; C项意为“令人疲惫的”; D项表原因, 皆不合句意。 12. ______ the right kind of training,
these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
［2009江西, 22］ A. Giving
B. Having given C. To give
D. Given 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果得到正确的训练, 这些少年足球选手们有朝一日可能成为国际明星。these teenage soccer players和give之间存在被动关系, 故用过去分词作状语。 13. Ladies and gentlemen,
please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
［2009四川, 4］ A. seated
B. seating
C. to seat
D. seat 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为：女士们, 先生们, 请一直坐到飞机完全停下来。此处seated起形容词作用, 作remain的表语。 1. The woman ______ there, ______ in a blue shirt,
is Lily’s teacher.
A. seated; dressing
B. sitting; dressed C. sat; dressed
D. seating; dressed 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在那边穿着蓝衬衫的女人是Lily的老师。表示“坐在那边”且表状态用seated/sitting there, dress在表示“穿着”时是及物动词, “穿着……样的衣服”可以表达为be dressed in+名词, 故答案选B。 2. The murderer was brought in,
with his hands ______ behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied C. tied
D. to be tied 【解析】选C。考查with的复合结构。句意：凶手被带了进来, 手被捆在背后。“with+宾语+宾补”结构中, hands与tie之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 用过去分词作宾补。 3. Though ______ of the danger,
he still went skating on the thin ice.
A.
warning
B.
to warn C.
warn
D.
warned 【解析】选D。句意：尽管被警告要当心, 他仍然在薄冰上滑冰。he与warn之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 故用过去分词表示被动。相当于Though he was warned of the danger. . . 。 4. With so many children ______ round the table,
the food disappeared ______ .
［2011三亚模拟］ A.
seating; at no time
B.
seated; in no time C.
seated; at no time
D.
seating; in no time 【解析】选B。考查with的复合结构和短语辨析。句意：有这么多孩子围着桌子坐着, 食物很快就吃光了。seated在“with+宾语+宾补”结构中作宾补, 表示状态。at no time决不, 从不; in no time立刻, 马上。根据句意可知答案选B。 5. —How are they getting on with their work?
—Everything goes well as ______ .
A. to be planned
B. being planned C. planned
D. planning 【解析】选C。句意：——他们的工作进展如何？——一切都像计划得那么顺利。as planned的完整形式是：as it was planned。 6. Unless ______ ,
I will not go to the party held by them.
［2011哈尔滨模拟］ A. invite
B. invited C. inviting
D. to invite 【解析】选B。考查状语从句的省略。句意：除非受到邀请, 否则我不去参加他们举办的聚会。I与invite之间是动宾关系, Unless invited的完整形式是：Unless I am invited。 7. ______ why he came to do Hamlet,
he said that he felt it his responsibility ______ Shakespeare’s plays to Chinese audience.
A. Asked; introducing
B. Being asked; to introduce C. Asked; to introduce
D. To be asked; introduced 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为：当有人问他为什么演《哈姆雷特》时, 他说他感到有责任把莎士比亚的戏剧介绍给中国观众。ask与he之间是被动关系且不表示正在进行, 所以用过去分词的一般式, 而不用过去分词的进行式; 第二空考查“feel it +名词+不定式”结构, it是形式主语, 不定式是真正主语。 8. The road ______ for vehicles is under repair.
Drivers are required to take some other routes.
［2011日照模拟］ A. meaning
B. meant C. to mean
D. being meant 【解析】选B。考查过去分词。句意：打算用于车辆通行的这条路正在修理中。司机被要求走另外的路线。此处是过去分词作后置定语, 相当于which is meant for vehicles, be meant for意为“打算做……用”。 9. —What’s your impression of the Great Wall?
—Wonderful!
Once ______ ,
it can never be forgotten.
［2011潍坊模拟］ A.
seen
B.
seeing
C.
being seen
D.
saw 【解析】选A。考查状语从句的省略。Once seen是Once it is seen的省略形式。 10. I found him sitting in his chair, completely ______ a magazine.
A. absorbing
B. being absorbed in C. absorbed in
D. absorbing in 【解析】选C。句意：我发现他坐在椅子上, 全神贯注地读杂志。be absorbed in 全神贯注在……上; 专心于, 此处用completely absorbed in a magazine作伴随状语。 11. They spent the whole night ______ in the room waiting for the thief to come.
A. having locked
B. locking C. locked
D. to be locked 【解析】选C。考查过去分词。句意：他们反锁在房间里度过了整个晚上, 等着小偷的到来。they与lock之间是动宾关系, 用过去分词作伴随状语。此题容易误选为locking, spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花时间做某事”, 与句子语境不符。 12. On ______ flight would be delayed,
we made other arrangements.
［2011天津模拟］ A. being informed
B. informed C. informing
D. having informed 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一接到航班会延误的通知就做了另外的安排。on doing sth. 表示“一……就……”, we和inform之间是动宾关系, 要用被动形式, 答案选A。 13. These surveys indicate that many crimes go ______ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.
A. unrecorded
B. to be unrecorded C. to have been unrecorded
D. unrecording 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。go在此处用作系动词, 所填词作表语, 根据空后的介词by可知所填词与the police之间是被动关系, 因此选A。 14. ______ true events, the film follows the life of Braddock, a boxer in New York.
A. Being based on
B. Basing on C. Based on
D. Having based on 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。空格处“Based on”与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 应用过去分词表被动。 15. The moving picture of a little boy of 5, ______ from the big earthquake, has been made ______ to all Chinese people for the boy’s saluting to the soldiers.
A. saved; to know
B. to save; knowing C. have been saved; know
D. saved; known 【解析】选D。句意：全国人民都知道那个从大地震中被救出的5岁男孩向战士们敬礼的感人镜头。第一空为过去分词作定语, 相当于定语从句who was saved; 第二空考查非谓语动词作补语, the moving picture与know之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 所以只有D项符合句意。 16. It is reported that some wild animals were found ______ in a big cave in the mountain.
A. to hide dead
B. hidden dead C. hiding dead
D. hidden death 【解析】选B。句意为：据说一些死了的野生动物被发现藏在山上的一个大山洞里。find+sb. /sth. +done, 其被动形式为sb. /sth.
be found+done, 句中were found hidden意为“被发现藏在……”, dead adj. 表示“主语所处的状态”。 17. In his victory speech, ______ before a huge crowd of his supporters, Obama declared that “Change has come to America. ” A. having delivered
B. to be delivered C. delivering
D. delivered 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。deliver与speech在逻辑上是动宾关系, 而且由句意可知此动作已经发生, 故用过去分词, 相当于which was delivered before a huge crowd of his supporters。 18. Carbon dioxide ______ from burning fuels is the most common of the so-called greenhouse gases.
A. producing
B. having been produced C. to be produced
D. produced 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。因为carbon dioxide和produce之间是动宾关系, 所以用过去分词表被动。 19. —I’m really hungry now.
—That’s because you have left your lunch ______ .
A. untouching
B. to be untouched C. untouched
D. being untouched 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为：——我现在真的很饿。——那是因为你没吃午饭。lunch与untouch之间为被动关系, 并且untouch动作已发生, 故用过去分词作宾语补足语。 20. Michael knew he would certainly get ______ if he was late home.
A. shout at
B. to shout at C. shouted at
D. to be shouted at 【解析】选C。句意为：迈克尔知道如果他回家晚肯定会被责骂的。用“get+过去分词”结构。 21. ______ originally as the biggest defense work in ancient China, the Great Wall today has become one of the must-see places for visiting foreign leaders to the country in the past six decades. Obama is the fifth US president ______ the man-made wonder.
A.
Having been built; visiting B.
Being built; visited
C.
To build; having visited D.
Built; to visit 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为：最初作为古代中国最大的防御工事而建的长城, 在过去的六十年间已成为来华访问的外国领导人必须参观的地方之一。奥巴马是第五个参观这一人造奇迹的美国总统。the Great Wall与build之间是被动关系, 且build动作已经发生, 故用过去分词, 不定式可用来修饰被序数词限定的中心词。 22. The soldier rushed into the cave,
his right hand ______ a gun and his face ______ with sweat.
A.
held; covered
B.
holding; covering
C.
holding; covered
D.
held; covering 【解析】选C。考查独立主格结构。his right hand与hold有主谓关系, 故用holding, 而his face与cover是动宾关系, 故用covered。 Ⅰ. 同义句转换 1. He knows English very well.
=He ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ English.
=He is ______ ______ English.
=His English is ____________.
答案：has a good knowledge of; good at; perfect/excellent 2. I prefer swimming to skating.
=I ______ ______ swim rather than skate.
=I like swimming ______ than skating.
答案： prefer to; more 3. He had no sooner left home than it began to rain.
= ______ ______ had he left home ______ it began to rain.
=He had ______ left home ______ it began to rain.
= ______ ______ he left home, it began to rain.
答案： No sooner; than; hardly; when; The moment 4. The problem is too difficult for me to solve.
=That problem is ______ difficult ______ I can’t solve it.
=That problem is ______ my ability.
=It is such a difficult problem ______ I can’t solve.
答案： so; that; beyond; as 5. I didn’t know about it until he told me yesterday.
=Not until he told me yesterday ______ I know about it.
=It was ______ ______ he told me yesterday ______ I knew about it.
答案： did; not until; that Ⅱ. 在不改变句意的情况下, 改写下列句子, 使其更加简洁凝练 1. There are over fifty students in this school who are going to take part in the sports meet which is planned for next Sunday. ____________________________________________________ 答案：Over fifty students in this school are going to take part in the sports meet next Sunday.
2. Because of the fact that I had a lot of work to do, it wasn’t possible for me to accept their invitation.
____________________________________________________ 答案： I was too busy to accept their invitation.
3. The problem of pollution is serious in our city, but if we try our best to stop the pollution, the pollution will stop.
____________________________________________________ 4. He told us a story; the story was very interesting.
____________________________________________________ 答案：3. The problem of pollution is serious in our city, but if we try our best, the pollution will stop.
4. He told us a very interesting story.
5. Eugene O’Neill, was an American writer, and he had an unhappy childhood, and he told the story of his childhood in a play named A Long Day’s Journey Into Night and he said it was written in tears and blood.
____________________________________________________ 答案： Eugene O’Neill, an American writer, told the story of his unhappy childhood in a play named A Long Day’s Journey Into Night, which he said was written in tears and blood.
1. Mrs.
White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.
［2010全国卷Ⅰ, 27］ A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed C. borrowed
D. borrowing 【解析】选C。句意：Mrs.
White让她的学生看了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。根据句意以及句子结构可知此处需要非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的some old maps。又some old maps与borrow是被动关系, 故排除A、D。根据句意可知borrow这个动作已完成, 所以选C。过去分词表示被动、完成, 而不定式的被动式表示将来的被动动作。 2. I’m calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday’s China Daily.
［2010北京, 25］ A. advertised
B. to be advertised C. advertising
D. having advertised 【解析】选A。advertise和position之间是动宾关系, 即这个职位被在昨天的报纸上做广告, 所以要用被动形式, 可排除C、D两项。B项动词不定式的被动语态表将要被完成的被动动作, 与yesterday相矛盾。A项为过去分词, 表被动和完成, 符合句意。 3. In April,
thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
［2010福建, 34］ A. sticking
B. stuck C. to be stuck
D. to have stuck 【解析】选B。句意：因为火山灰云, 在四月份, 成千上万的度假者依然滞留在国外。句中remain用作系动词, 意思是“依然, 仍然”, stuck是形容词, 意思是“被困住的, 不能动的”, 与语境相符。 4. So far nobody has claimed the money ______ in the library.
［2010湖南, 30］ A. discovered
B. to be discovered C. discovering
D. having discovered 【解析】选A。用过去分词作定语, 表示被动和完成。B项表达的虽是被动但却是将来的动作, C、D两项都是主动语态, 故可排除B、C、D。句意：到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆被发现的钱。 5. Alexander tried to get his work ______ in the medical circles.
［2010辽宁, 35］ A. to recognize
B. recognizing C. recognize
D. recognized 【解析】选D。句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。宾语work和recognize之间存在被动关系, 所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。 6. ______ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
［2010陕西, 16］ A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. Have seen
D. To see 【解析】选A。句意：从塔顶上看, 山的南部脚下是树的海洋。由句意可知, 此处用分词作状语。一般来说, 分词作状语时, 和句子的主语有一定的逻辑关系。这里see 和the south foot of the mountain是动宾关系, 所以要用过去分词作状语。 7. A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practise the piano.
［2010四川, 4］ A. to question
B. to be questioned C. questioned
D. questioning 【解析】选C。句意：大量的被询问的学生说他们被迫练习钢琴。students与question存在被动关系, 而且表示的动作也已完成, 故用过去分词形式。选项B表示将来被动; 选项A、D表示主动含义, 均与语境不符。 8. Now that we’ve discussed our problem,
are people happy with the decisions ______ ?
［2009全国卷Ⅰ, 35］ A. taking
B. take
C. taken
D. to take 【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意为：既然我们已经讨论了我们的问题, 人们对我们所做的决定满意吗？decisions与take之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词形式。 9. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ______ on his own farm.
［2009北京, 24］ A. grown
B. being grown C. to be grown
D. to grow 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为：早餐他只喝种在自家农场的新鲜水果榨出来的果汁。fruit与grow为被动关系, 排除选项D。being grown表正在进行的动作; to be grown表将来; 均不符合语境。