课时知能训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2011·山东高考)Since the 1970s，scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Braincomputer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently，two researchers，Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne，Switzerland，demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.
In the laboratory，Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells.These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move.But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，”Tavella says.“Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮)and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof.Millan，the team leader，says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories：communication，and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals.One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了Jose Millan和Michele Tavella利用Braincomputer interface(BCI)technology制作的由人的意念控制的轮椅以及其工作原理等。
1．BCI is a technology that can ________.
A．help to update computer systems
B．link the human brain with computers
C．help the disabled to recover
D．control a person's thoughts
【解析】 细节理解题。由第一段中的．..scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Braincomputer interface(BCI)technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.可知选B。
【答案】 B
2．How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A．By controlling his muscles.
B．By talking to the machine.
C．By moving his hand.
D．By using his mind.
【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段内容．..Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.可知选D。
【答案】 D
3．Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
B．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
【解析】 细节理解题。由第五段前三句可知选C。
【答案】 C
4．The team will test with real patients to ________.
A．make profits from them
B．prove the technology useful to them
C．make them live longer
D．learn about their physical condition
【解析】 细节理解题。由最后一段中的One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.可知选B。
【答案】 B
5．Which of the following would be the BEST title for the text?
A．Switzerland，the BCI Research Center
B．New Findings about How the Human Brain Works
C．BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D．Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了BCI是如何帮助残疾人的。故选C。
【答案】 C
Ⅱ.信息匹配
(2017·深圳高三第一次调研)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
首先请阅读下列儿童系列读物的封面及基本信息：
A
In The Joy of Giving Brother and Sister Bear can't wait for Christmas and all the presents they'll open.But during the Christmas Eve，something special happens! The baby Bears learn a very valuable lesson about the joy of giving to others.
B
Christmas is just around the corner，and everyone in the Bear family wants to help decorate the tree! Includes thirteen flowers that open to show hidden holiday surprises.
C
The Berenstain small bears act out the first Thanksgiving.But will Sister Bear's pet turkey play the part of dinner？The Berenstain Bears Give Thanks teaches how God reminds children of God's many blessings.
D
Brother and Sister Bear wonder if they can be as brave as David when he fought Goliath.In The Berenstain Bears and the Gift of Courage，the small bears learn where real courage comes from.
E
The Bear series helps children learn how God wants them to live every day.The Berentain Bears Faithful Friends teaches that new friends are fun to have，and old friends are great to keep.
F
When Brother and Sister Bear accidentally break Mama's favorite lamp，their little lie grows bigger and bigger，until Papa Bear helps them find the words that set everything right again.
以下是购书者对这些书籍的简要评论。请把简要评论与封面及基本信息匹配起来。
1．In The Berenstain Bears：children need courage and should learn how bravely to cope with difficulties threatening friendship.It teaches us how to make friends with each other.
2．Thanks to The Berenstain Bears，this book is an excellent book to read for Christmas season and it shows us the happiness of giving.Understanding the purpose of gift giving is a tough concept for children young and old.
3．Our family enjoys this book because it uses a common situation to mean we need courage to tell the fact.Especially the small bears learn that mother is more concerned with their honesty.The message is that we don't need to be perfect，but we do need courage to tell the fact.
4．If you want to give your kids a taste of the basic Thanksgiving history，this book is a fun choice for giving gifts.In this new title，the familiar Berenstain bear family delivers some hand made furniture to some friends on a farm.
5．I bought this for my children and they love it.It is a great story and the hidden images behind the flowers add a lot to the story.I'm not sure they will last for long with the little ones，I love this book and the story is perfect for the Christmas season.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________
【答案】 1.E 关键匹配词“cope with difficulties threatening friendship”；“Faithful Friends teaches that new friends are fun to have，and old friends are great to keep”。
2．A 关键匹配词“it shows us the happiness of giving”；“The baby Bears learn a very valuable lesson about the ioy of giving to others.”
3．F 关键匹配词“their little lie，find the words that set everything right again.”；“to tell the fact”。
4．C 关键匹配词“of the basic Thanksgiving history，this book is a fun choice for giving gifts.”；“the first Thanksgiving”。
5．B 关键匹配词“hidden images behind the flowers add a lot to the story等”；“to help decorate the tree！Includes thirteen flowers”。
Ⅲ.读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
(2017·梅州三校联考)A little boy is telling his Grandma how everything is going wrong: School，family problems，severe health problems，etc.Meanwhile，Grandma is baking a cake.She asks the child if he would like a snack，which of course he would.
“Here.Have some cooking oil.”
“Terrible！” says the boy.
“How about a couple of raw eggs？”
“Terrible! Grandma.”
“Would you like some flour then? Or maybe baking soda？”
“Grandma，those are all awful！”
To which the Grandma replies，“Yes，all those things seem bad all by themselves.But when they are put together in the right way，they make a wonderfully delicious cake! Life works the same way.Many times we wonder why we have to go through such bad and difficult times，but when we put these things all in a suitable way，they always work for good！”
“The trials of life serve a meaningful purpose in making us stronger.Don't lose heart if life is not easy for you right now，but encourage yourself and know you will be much stronger mentally and physically because of the trials of life.”
【写作内容】
1．以约30个词概括短文的内容；
2．然后用120个词以“Facing the Trials of Life”写一篇文章，内容包括：
(1)你阅读短文后的感受；
(2)讲述你经历的一次困难或考验；
(3)你认为应当如何看待生活中的考验。
【写作要求】
1．可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
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【参考范文】
Facing the Trials of Life
A boy complained about difficulties in life.His grandmother，who showed that a cake tasted delicious but its materials tasted awful，taught him that the trials of life make people stronger.
From the story I have learned that the trials of life are of great importance in our growth.As the saying goes，“No cross，no crown.” Only by facing and overcoming
difficulties in our life can we grow up happily and healthily.
It reminds me of my own experience when I joined in the military training after I entered senior high school.It was the first time that I had lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in，but the trials made it easier for me to adapt to life in senior high school，and the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life.
Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.We should be brave in front of difficulties.Let's learn to use the trials of life we are facing as a stepping stone to future success.