高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修六Module 3
知识详解
1.raise v．筹措；提高，增加；抚养；饲养；提出
(回归课本P31)Last week our school had a big fair in order to raise money for a charity.
上周我校举行一场大型的义卖会为慈善事业筹钱。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①We must do everything we can to raise the people’s living standards.
我们要想尽一切办法来提高人民的生活水平。
②He raised his hand to catch the chairman’s attention.
他举起手来想吸引主席的注意。
③I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but didn’t have the courage.我想向主席提一个问题，但又没有这个勇气。
④(高考大纲全国卷Ⅰ)A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits.
去年的一项研究报告表明，饲养宠物狗不仅能使你精神振奋，也对你的饮食习惯有影响。
【易混辨析】
raise，lift；rise，arise
(1)raise和lift都是及物动词，后面一定要有宾语。如果表示抽象意义(如提高意识、声音、生活水平、地位等)要用raise；如用机械力把重物从地面举到一定的高度要用lift。raise还可以表示饲养家禽、筹集资金、养育儿童等；而lift的名词用法可表示“免费搭车/电梯、飞机起飞等”。
(2)rise和arise都是不及物动词，在指人或动物“起身”时可互换。另arise还可以表示“出现；发生”之意；rise可以表示“升起，升高”，说明主语自身移向更高的位置。
①I am afraid a new problem will arise when we use a new type of fuel.
②Her temperature is still rising.She must be sent to hospital.
③We have no plans to raise taxes at present.
④Can you help me lift the big boxes?
【即境活用】
1．(高考江西卷) —What is the price of petrol these days?
—Oh，it ________ sharply since last month.
A．is raisedB．has risen
C．has arisen
D．is increased
解析：选B。句意是：“这些日子汽油的价格怎么样？”“唉，自从上个月以来一直急剧上涨。”此处要用不及物动词has risen表示“上升；上涨”。raise是及物动词，要用has been raised。has arisen出现；发生；is increased要改为现在完成时has been increased。
2.After the terrible flood，the water level in the river ________ by 50 centimetres.
A．rises
B．raises
C．is risen
D．is raised
解析：选A。此处需用不及物动词，作“上升了”讲。句中的by表示“增减的程度”，而不是表被动。
2.regret n．& v． 后悔，遗憾，抱歉
(回归课本P33)Liao Mei really regrets these quarrels.
廖梅对那些争吵感到后悔。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①(朗文P1718)I regret to inform you that your contract will not be renewed.我很遗憾地通知你，你的合同不能续签。
②She deeply regretted losing her temper.
她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。
③(牛津P1673)If you don’t do it now，you’ll only regret it.
你如果现在不做，以后一定会后悔的。
④(朗文P1718)He regrets that he never went to college.
他为自己从未上过大学感到遗憾。
⑤He left the company with great regret.
他非常遗憾地离开了那个公司。
【即境活用】
3.
—Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh，yes.How often I have regretted ________ his advice!
A．to take B．taking
C．not to take
D．not taking
解析：选D。说话者以前没有听他的忠告而现在感到后悔，所以此处要用not taking形式。
4.This scar will be lasting，but to this day，I have never ________ what I did.
A．forgot
B．recognized
C．considered
D．regretted
解析：选D。regret的意思是“后悔”。从本句的句意可以看出，“我”对过去做过的事始终不后悔。
3.forgive vt. 原谅，饶恕
(回归课本P37)．..I couldn’t forgive Danny for leaving me.
……我不能原谅丹尼离开我。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①Forgive my ignorance，but what does the company do?
请原谅我的无知，这家公司是干什么的？
②Forgive me for interrupting，but I really don’t agree with that.请原谅我打岔，不过我确实不同意那一点。
③(牛津P686)I’ll never forgive her for what she did.
我绝不会原谅她所做的事。
④(朗文P761)If anything happened to the kids，I’d never forgive myself.
如果孩子们出了什么事，我永远也不能原谅自己。
【易混辨析】
forgive，excuse，pardon
(1)forgive侧重指在感情上原谅了某人的过错或对自己的冒犯，不再愤恨或不满。
(2)excuse侧重指原谅轻微的过错、失礼等，不涉及到处理或惩罚。
(3)pardon原谅不予追究，指宽恕严重的过失、罪恶或严重的冒犯，尤指反法律、反道德的过失。
①They forgave us for our rudeness.
②Please excuse me for interruption.
③The governor pardoned the two offenders.
【即境活用】
5．Mary did do some bad things about me，but I have ________ her for that.
A．regretted B．freed
C．relaxed
D．forgiven
解析：选D。句意“玛丽对我做了些不好的事，但是我原谅了她。”
4.mention v． 涉及，提及 n． 提及，说起
(回归课本P41)Then the website was mentioned on a radio programme and suddenly the site became very popular.
之后这一网站被电台的一个节目提到，顷刻之间便流行起来。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①He mentioned that he was having problems，but he didn’t explain.他提到他遇到一些问题，但没有作说明。
②(朗文P1230)I mentioned the idea to Joan，and she seemed to like it.我向琼说起过这个想法，她似乎很喜欢。
③(朗文P1230)It’s worth mentioning that the new regulations don’t actually come into force until next year.
值得一提的是新的规章制度要到明年才真正生效。
④(网络)He has a large house and an expensive car，not to mention a villa in France.
他有一所大房子和一辆昂贵的汽车，且不说在法国还有一座别墅了。
【即境活用】
6.I hear they’ve promoted Tom，but he didn’t mention ________ when we talked on the phone.
A．to promote
B．having been promoted
C．having promoted
D．to be promoted
解析：选B。句意是：我听说他们提升了汤姆，但我们在电话谈话时他并没有提到被晋升的事情。“被提升”发生在“提到”之前，所以要用动名词的完成式和被动语态。
7．(武汉市质检)—My boy is always making trouble at school.It makes me upset.
—________—there’s nothing to worry about!
A．Don’t mention it
B．I hope not
C．What a shame
D．Calm down
解析：选D。根据上文“我的孩子在学校总是惹麻烦，这让我不安”以及下文“没什么可担心的”的语境可知，这里表示安慰，所以选D。
5.burst out 突然发生；突然……起来
(回归课本P30)When he reached the final line，everyone burst out laughing.
当他说到最后一句的时候，大家都哄堂大笑起来。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①The baby burst out laughing when he saw his mother.
看到他的妈妈，婴儿突然大笑起来。
②Hearing that their team won the first prize，they burst out cheering.
听到他们队赢得一等奖的消息时，他们欢呼起来。
③(牛津P261)The aircraft crashed and burst into flames.
飞机坠毁后猛烈地燃烧起来。
④Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.
消防战士猛然打开门去营救他们。
【即境活用】
8．On hearing the news that she failed to pass the final examination，Mary ________ and ran back to her room.
A．burst into tears
B．burst out tears
C．laughed with tears
D．wiped her tears
解析：选A。burst into tears突然大哭。
6.in return 作为回报；作为交换
(回归课本P40)This poem describes the painful feelings of a man in love with someone who does not love him in return.
本诗描写了一个男人爱上一个女人，但女人却不爱他的痛苦感受。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①If you do me a favour，I’ll do one for you in return.
如果你帮我，我也会帮你的。
②If we smile at life，life will smile on us in return.
如果我们微笑面对生活，生活也会回报我们以微笑。
③He is always helping others without expecting anything in return.他总是乐于助人，不求回报。
【易混辨析】
in return，in turn
(1)in return意为“作为对……的回报”，常与介词for连用。
(2)in turn意为“反过来，转而，按次序”。
①He gave her some roses in return for her kindness.
②The girls called out their names in turn.
【即境活用】
9．(高考江西卷)We give dogs time，space and love we can spare，and ________，dogs give us their all.
A．in all
B．in fact
C．in short
D．in return
解析：选D。句意：我们把可以抽出来的时间、腾出的空间和留出的爱都给了狗。作为回报，狗也向我们奉献出它们的一切。in all总共；in fact事实上；in short简言之；in return作为回报。
10.People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars，and ________ this creates further
problems.
A．in short
B．in case
C．in doubt
D．in turn
解析：选D。句意“人们想通过开私家车来避免公共交通的耽搁，而这反过来更加大了问题。”
句型梳理
1.【教材原句】 Having left something in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and found Roy going through the pockets of people’s coats.(P30)
因为我把东西落在衣帽间了，我就进去取，这时我发现罗伊正在翻别人的衣服袋。
【句法分析】 find后接复合结构，v.-ing形式作宾补。除此之外，find还可跟形容词、过去分词、副词、介词短语等作宾补。
①He found his parents waiting to meet him at the airport that morning.他发现那天早晨他的父母在机场等他。
②They found the soldiers badly wounded in the cave.
他们在山洞里发现士兵们伤得很重。
③I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again.
希望我们再见面时能看到你的情绪好些。
④I found it difficult to get there.我发现很难到达那儿。
⑤I found him(to be)honest.我发觉他很诚实。
【即境活用】
11.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.
A．smoke B．smoking
C．to smoke
D．smoked
解析：选B。句意为“如果厨师当场被发现在厨房吸烟会立即被开除。” find sb.doing sth.＝sb.be found doing sth.发现某人在做某事。
12．(高考湖南卷)Listen！Do you hear someone ________ for help?
A．calling
B．call
C．to call
D．called
解析：选A。句意：听！你听到有人正在求救吗？本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除D项；不定式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去to且不表示动作正在进行，故排除C项；因为表示动作正在进行，故排除B项；现在分词calling表示主动且表正在进行，故为答案。
2.【教材原句】 It would have been impossible to find my daughter without the help of Friends Reunited.(P41)
要是没有老友重聚网站的帮助，我就不可能找到女儿。
【句法分析】 would have been是虚拟语气结构，表示与过去的事实相反的假设。包含without(相当于but for)的介词短语表示虚拟条件，相当于一个if引导的虚拟条件句。既可表示与现在的事实相反的假设，又可表示与过去的事实相反的假设。
①Man couldn’t live without water and air(＝if there were no water and air)．没有水和空气人类就不能生存。
②I could not have finished the work so soon without your help (if you had not helped me)．
没有你的帮助，我就不可能那么快完成工作。
③I wouldn’t be alive today without the safety belt.
假如没有安全带，我就活不到今天了。
【即境活用】
13．But for your help，I ________ the place.
A．can’t find
B．can’t have found
C．couldn’t have found
D．haven’t found
解析：选C。But for your help＝Without your help＝If you had not helped me＝If it had not been for your help。根据虚拟语气的结构，主句应用sb.could(not)have done。
14．What would have happened if you ________ her out of trouble?
A．couldn’t help
B．wouldn’t help
C．hadn’t helped
D．didn’t help
解析：选C。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成时。