高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修八Module 3
知识详解
① owe v． 欠(债)等，感激，把……归功于……
(回归课本P29)Everything you see I owe to spaghetti.
我把你看到的一切都归功于意大利面条。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①He owes his success more to good luck than to his years of hard work.
他把他的成功更多地归因于好运气而不是多年的艰苦工作。
②I owe my sister 50 dollars.＝I owe 50 dollars to my sister.
我欠我妹妹50美元。
③He still owes for the goods he had bought last month.
他仍然欠上个月买东西的钱。
④Tom’s mother owed it to herself to lose weight at once.
汤姆的妈妈认为自己有必要马上减肥了。
⑤Owing to/Because of the shower，the baseball game was interrupted.＝The baseball game was interrupted due to the shower.
棒球比赛因为大雨暂停了。
【即境活用】
1.________hard work，he gained great achievements in that field.
A．Owe toB．Owing to
C．According to
D．Stick to
解析：选B。句意：由于工作努力，他在那个领域取得了巨大的成就。owe to是动词短语，与句子结构不符；owing to由于，因为；according to根据；stick to坚持(理论、原则)。
2．(嘉兴模拟)—Good morning，sir.Can I help you?
—I’d like a barbecue together with a cup of orange juice.How much do you________？
A．pay
B．offer
C．owe
D．charge
解析：选D。从上下文语境分析，此处是购物后询问收费多少，故使用charge。而pay“付款”；offer“出价”；owe“欠”均不适合该语境。
② manner n． 方式，方法；态度
(回归课本P31)I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by the food.
我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，而我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①Customers should be treated in a polite，friendly manner.
应该以礼貌友好的方式接待顾客。
②I thought I noticed a certain coldness in his manner.
我想我察觉到他的态度有些冷淡。
③(牛津P1229)It’s bad manners to talk with your mouth full.
嘴里塞满了东西跟人说话是不礼貌的。
【易混辨析】
manner，means，method，way
这四个词都是“方法，方式”的意思。
(1)manner较正式，多指具体的行事方式、处理问题的特殊方法。
(2)means意为“方法，手段，工具”，指与“目的”相对立而存在着的“手段”，尤指采用整套的方法；也可指使用某些工具、材料、乘坐某种交通工具等。
(3)method所表示的“方法”可以指做某件事的具体步骤或程序，也可以指合乎逻辑的或系统的方法。
(4)way方法，普通用语。the best way最佳办法。
①The quickest means of travel is by plane.
②My parents let me have my own way of life.
③Why are you talking in such a strange manner?
④His method of teaching is popular with his students.
【即境活用】
3．We look forward to the day when the motorcar has been replaced by some less dangerous________of transport.
A．means
B．methods
C．manners
D．ways
解析：选A。means of transport意为“交通方式”、“交通手段”。method方法，办法，常与by搭配；manner方式，方法，多指具体的行事方式，处理问题的方法，way方法为普通用词，常与介词in搭配。
4.完成句子
It’s ________________ interrupt someone.
打断别人是没有礼貌的。
答案：bad manners to
③consequence n． 后果，结果，重大，重要
(回归课本P39)The consequence was that many people were overweight.
结果是许多人超重。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①(牛津P420)The decision could have serious consequences for the industry.
此项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。
②This kind of feeling is a consequence of stress and lack of sleep.
这种感觉是紧张和睡眠不足的结果。
③He broke the law，and now he must face the consequences of his actions.
他触犯了法律，现在必须承担自己的行为带来的后果。
④As a consequence of unemployment，many people have to leave home for a new job.
由于失业的缘故，许多人为寻找新的工作而离开了家。
⑤(朗文P424)Your opinion is of little consequence to me.
你的意见对我而言并不重要。
⑥In consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.
由于你工作不好，我只能解雇你。
【即境活用】
5．Many factories and banks in some countries have closed down as a direct________of the financial crisis going on in the globe.
A．matter B．consequence
C．whole
D．total
解析：选B。句意为：由于全球金融危机的直接原因，许多工厂、银行倒闭了。
6．完成句子
______________________smoking，my father coughs frequently.
因为吸烟的缘故，我父亲经常咳嗽。
答案：As a consequence of
④make out (勉强地)看出，听出，理解；开出，填写；辨认出；声称，断言
(回归课本P31)It was quite hard to make out what they contained.
很难弄清楚它们究竟是什么做的。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①I could just make out a figure in the darkness.
我隐约看见黑暗中有个人影。
②I can scarcely make out his writing.
我几乎辨认不出他的笔迹。
③He immediately sat down and made out a check.
他立刻坐下来开了一张支票。
④I couldn’t make out the meaning of the passage.
我不理解这段文字的意思。
⑤(牛津P1221)He never really made it as an actor.
他从来就不是一个成功的演员。
⑥We rehearsed all day Saturday，to make up for lost time.
我们星期六排练了一整天，以补回失去的排练时间。
【即境活用】
7．The driver started to speed up to ________for the hour he had lost in the traffic jam.
A．keep upB．take up
C．make up
D．catch up
解析：选C。句意是：司机开始加速，以弥补在交通堵塞中浪费了的时间。keep up保持；take up从事，占据；catch up赶上来。
8.When he realized the police had seen him，the thief________the exit as quickly as possible.
A．made off
B．made for
C．made out
D．made up
解析：选B。考查短语辨析。句意：当小偷发觉已被警察发现时，冲着出口夺路而逃。make for移向，冲出(尤指匆匆地走向)。
⑤no wonder 难怪
(回归课本P30)No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish；they knew what was still to come.
怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。
【归纳总结】
【例句探源】
①It is no wonder(that) he’ll sign the contract tomorrow.
他明天签约是不足为奇的。
②No wonder people say that computers are taking over the world.
难怪人们说计算机正渐渐主导世界。
③(牛津P2315)It’s a wonder(that) more people weren’t hurt.
奇怪的是没有更多的人受到伤害。
④I was wondering whether you would like to have dinner with me.
不知你能否和我共进晚餐。
⑤He is the best student in the school.No doubt that he can get the first prize.
他是学校里最好的学生。毫无疑问他会获得一等奖。
⑥There is no need to get in a stew；everything will be all right.
没有必要烦恼，一切都会好起来的。
⑦If we have finished our work，there is no point in staying any longer；we may as well go home.
既然我们的工作干完了，再呆下去毫无意义了；我们还是回去的好。
【即境活用】
9．She always throws doubt on other people，no wonder ________ few friends.
A．have she made
B．she has
C．she does have
D．does she have
解析：选B。句意为：她总是怀疑别人，难怪她朋友那么少。no wonder意思是难怪，不足为奇；throw doubt on...对……产生怀疑。
10.—Brad was Jane’s brother!
—________he reminded me so much of Jane!
A．No doubt
B．Above all
C．No wonder
D．Of course
解析：选C。no wonder“怪不得”；no doubt “毫无疑问”；above all“首先，最重要的是”；of course“当然”。由题意可知，C项符合。
句型梳理
①【教材原句】 ...the barbecue is not just a piece of cooking equipment but the wood the Australians use for a popular way of entertaning people.(P39)
……烤肉架不仅仅是一种烹饪设备，它还是澳大利亚人款待朋友的一种流行方式。
【句法分析】 not only/just...but also...不但……，而且……，连接并列成分。
(1)not only/just与but also后面所连接的词的词性必须对等。
(2)连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要根据就近原则来确定。
(3)not only等形式只能连用，用but also既可连用，也可分开用，also也可省略。
(4)not only放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构。
(5)not...but...的意思与以上的短语不同，其含义是“不是……而是……”。
(6)can not but不得不，不能不。
①He plays not only the piano but also the violin.
他不仅弹钢琴也拉小提琴。
②Not just the students but also their teacher likes playing football.(连接主语)
不仅学生，而且老师也喜欢踢足球。
③For the first time，Charlie felt a deep sense of not just disappointment，but (also) of anxiety.(连接定语)
生平第一次，查理有一种深深的失望和焦虑。
④Not only does he speak English，but he can also write articles in it.
他不仅说英语，而且能用英语写文章。
【即境活用】
11.Not only _______ to set up a new school，but also he wants to give some money to the poor.
A．he does wantB．does he want
C．wants he
D．is he want
解析：选B。考查倒装。not only放在句首且连接句子时，主句要用部分倒装。
12．(南通市一模)—Did you hear that Li Hua was robbed during his recent trip to South Africa?
—Yes，not only ________ his money，but he was nearly killed.
A．he lost
B．did he lose
C．he had lost
D．was he lost
解析：选B。not only为否定副词，当否定副词位于句首时，含有否定副词的句子本身使用倒装结构。
②【教材原句】 But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat，even if it is just a potato.(P31)
但是让我非常佩服的是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，也会吃得斯斯文文。
【句法分析】 do admire属于“do/does/did＋谓语动词”的强调用法。这时谓语动词须用
原形动词。do(does/did)可译成“确实；的确”。在肯定的祈使句中，用动词do来加强语气，可译成“务必，一定，千万”。
①He does work hard and finish the job in time.
他工作的确努力，及时完成任务。
②Do come and see us some day.
某一天务必来看我们。
【即境活用】
13．—You didn’t lock the back door.
—You are wrong.I ________.
A．have locked it B．lock it myself
C．did lock it
D．do lock it
解析：选C。答句句意为“你错了，我确实锁上门了。”助动词do用来强调谓语。
14.In my opinion，all Mr.White ________ good to his students in his class at present.He is very strict in their study.
A．does does does
B．does do do
C．does does do
D．did do does
解析：选C。句意：依我来看，怀特先生做的所有事情确实对他的学生有好处，他对他们的学习要求非常严格。根据时态可排除D；all Mr.White does为主语，其中Mr. White does为定语从句，does do中do为实义动词，构成do good to结构，does表示强调。