Unit 4 Public transport
晨读在线
请你根据以下提示，结合生活中的一个事例，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈微笑的作用。
The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile.A smile can help us get through difficult situation and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can open doors and tear down walls.
注意：①无须写标题；
内容只需涉及一个方面；
词数不少于120。
【范文欣赏】 请进行完形填空(每空一词)
I still remember how nervous I was on my first day in the new school three years ago，1.when I found it difficult to follow my teacher in the first English class.The teacher spoke English throughout 2.the class，which was totally different 3.from the lessons I had taken before.
In the morning class the next day，the English teacher came to me while I was reading the text aloud as 4.other students.，she gave me a big smile and said 5.she liked my voice very much.The smile shone on the whole day 6.and the following days.A week later，I volunteered to take charge 7.of English study in my class.
， be confident.(134 words)
【名师点评】 叙述自然流畅，文风朴实无华，通过叙述老师的微笑来说明它给作者带来的积极作用。非限制性定语从句which was totally different from the lessons I had taken before用得很好，高级词汇shine，volunteer，confident，take charge of，thanks to等的出现使文章陡增亮色。
【疯狂背诵】
请用10分钟背诵范文
【还原范文】
请将下列句子翻译成英语
我依然记得三年前我进入新学校的第一天，当我发现第一堂英语课上自己很难跟上老师的时候我多么紧张。
，when_I_found_it_difficult_to_follow_my_teacher_in_the_first_English_class.
老师在课上从头至尾都讲英语，那完全不同于我以前上的课。
，which_was_totally_different_from_the_lessons_I_had_taken_before.
第二天的早自习课上，当我像别的同学那样大声朗读课文时，英语老师向我走了过来。
In_the_morning_class_the_next_day，the_English_teacher_came_to_me_while_I_was_reading_the_text_
4．听我读了一会儿后，她给了我一个大大的微笑，说她非常喜欢我的声音。
，she_gave_me_a_big_smile_and_said_she_liked_my_voice_very_much.
这个微笑照亮我这一整天，还有以后的日子。
6．一周后，我自愿负责我们班的英语学习工作。
，I_volunteered_to_take_charge_of_English_study_in_my_class.
感谢第一次早自习时的那个舒心的微笑，我从此开始自信。
，I_began_to_be_confident.
Ⅰ.单词默写
. 运送，输送；表达
. 权力；权力机构；权威；权限
. 周年纪念；周年纪念日
. 扩大，增大
modest adj. 适度的，适中的，不过分的；谦虚的，谦让的
. 闪光，闪烁；简明资讯，快讯
. 每年的，一年一次的
好斗的，侵略性的，咄咄逼人的
酒精的；含酒精的
eservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见
be unable to breathe
12．growth n. the process of growing
13．undertake vt. to promise or agree to do something
14．punctual adj. arriving or doing things at exactly the right time
15．violate vt. to take no notice of a promise or agreement
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
声誉，名声；区别→distinctive adj.区别性的→distinguish vt.区别，鉴别
允许→permission n．准许，允许→allow (同义词)
分别地，单独地，各自地→separate adj.分开的，独立的→separate vt.分开，分隔，隔开→separation n．分开；分居
按排，整理→arrangement n．按排，整理
相信→belief n．信念，相信→believable adj.可相信的，能相信的→unbelievable adj. 难以置信的，惊人的
语境助记——词不离句，句不离段
of modern advanced transportation makes our life more convenient，orderly and punctual.But on the other hand，the accidents it caused are confusing and annoying us.
短语落实
中途下客或卸货
提出
希望……
注意，注意到；关注
make_up_for_补偿，弥补
胜任，忙于
冲掉，冲垮，冲走
放弃，戒掉
9arise_from 由……引起，由……产生，起源于
目的是，旨在，针对
句子翻译
d the pace of the London Underground's development.(Page 50)
这些新的挖掘方法加快了伦敦地铁的发展步伐。
(Page 62)
在过去的一年中，交通事故数量以及由交通事故所引发的死亡人数急剧上升。
Page 62)
下一页讲述一些道路事故的主要根源。
洪水冲掉了沿途的泥土，部分路段目前仍在修建中。(Page 59)
of_the_road_is_still_under_repair.
5．一些骑车人认为交通法规不适用于他们。(Page 63)
Ⅴ.教材设题
句型转换(每空不超过3个单词)
sibility to prevent accidents.(教材P62)
2．Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones while driving has increased by 30 percent.(教材P62)
Recently the number of people fined for using_mobile_phones/calling/making_a_call/chatting_(speaking)_on_cellphones while driving has increased by 30 percent.
3．If you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk，you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.(教材P62)
，you are violating the law and risking your own life and_others'_lives．
Some cyclists make the assumption that traffic laws do not apply to them，but this is not true. (教材P63)
Some cyclists assume_(that) traffic laws do not apply to them，but this is not true.
bicycles are not kept in good condition.(教材P63)
transport vt.&n.运输，运送，搬运；交通工具，
【课本原句】 Transport is an important part of our lives.(P49)交通工具是我们生活中的重要部分。
transport sb/sth to 把某人/物运到……
被带回到……，被带入……
公共交通
路运
运输业；交通
辨析 transport/traffic
作“交通”讲，实指运输工具。traffic作“交通”讲，指路上的行人车马，着重数量的多少。
他的自行车是他唯一的交通工具。
很多地方交通中断了。
——看看高考怎么考
翻译句子
我们将用船只运送这些产品。
transport_the_products_by_ship.
②With the completion of several public ________ projects，such as the MRT，commuting to work has become easier for people living in the suburbs.
(2017·常德一中11月份月考)
C．travel
D．transfer
答案 A
narrow adj. 窄的，狭窄的，狭隘的 v．(使)变窄
【课本原句】 Passengers were transported in carriages without windows，which were pulled through the comparatively narrow tunnels by steam engines.(P50)
乘客坐在没有窗户封闭的车厢里，车厢在相对狭窄的隧道里由蒸汽引擎拉动。
死里逃生，险些遇险
narrow victory/defeat 险胜/勉强击败
缩小……的范围
勉强地，精细地
——看看高考怎么考
(为什么河道在这儿会变窄吗)?
escape when he ran across the road in front of the bus.(2017·益阳市一中11月份月考)
答案 A
permit vt.&vi.允许，许可 n. 许可证，执照，通行证
【课本原句】 Visit our ticket office and buy one of the travel cards that permit you to travel all over the underground system.(P51)来我们的售票处，买一张可以游览整个地铁系统的门票吧。
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
允许某人做某事
允许做某事
允许做某事
【注意】 具有以上用法的动词还有forbid，advise等。即：permit，allow，forbid，advise后直接动词作宾语时，要用doing，后跟to do时应先接sb。
辨析 permit sb to do sth/promise sb to do sth
(1)permit sb to do sth 指允许某人做某事，动作由对方完成。
(2)promise sb to do sth 指答应某人(向对方承诺)要做某事，动作由承诺人完成。
promised me to buy a new bike and didn't permit me to lend the bike to others. 父亲许诺给我买一辆新自行车并且不允许我把它借给别人。
——看看高考怎么考
，for safety reasons，pushing chairs are_not_permitted(不允许)in the State Apartments.(2010·天津卷·阅读理解A)
er_to_be_late(答应我不要迟到)again.
，________.(2017·湖南桃源县一中11月份月考)
C．weather permitting
D．if weather permitting
答案 C
sengers are permitted ________only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A．to carry
B．carrying
C．to be carried
D．being carried
答案 A
enlarge vt. 扩大，扩展，扩充，放大
【课本原句】 After World war Ⅱ ended in 1945，more people travelled on the underground，so the system was enlarged and more lines were added，including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.(P51) 1945年二战结束后，更多人乘坐地铁，因此地铁系统被扩大，更多的地铁线建成；其中包括几乎连接所有的站点和其他线路的维多利亚线。
？
Bryce's Department Store enlarged its furniture department about a year ago.
布赖斯百货公司大约在1年前扩充了其家具部。
我想扩大草坪的面积。
ecently enlarged.
近来，他的业余爱好更加广泛。
——看看高考怎么考
A．enlarged
B．lost
C．missed
D．enriched
答案 A
approval n. 赞成，同意；批准
【课本原句】 In 1854，the British government gave approval to the construction by the Metropolitan Railway Company of an underground railway in the centre of London，between Paddington and Farringdon，via King's Cross，St Pancras and Euston.(P50) 1854年，
The plan had the approval of the school authorities.
计划得到学校当局的认可。
approval.未经局长批准我们不能开始这项工作。
【联想拓展】
赞许；批准
得到某人的同意
得到某人的同意
得到认可
得到赞成
当局的批准
听众的赞许
e majority 多数人的同意
公司的董事们
Alan is someone who always needs the approval of other people.艾伦这个人总是凡事都希望得到别人的首肯。
那封信经过我的批准才寄出。
without the council's approval.
没有市议会的批准，我们不会动工。
我担心他们不会赞成你到那儿去。
——看看高考怎么考
，but the final list is to be sent to the manager for his ________.
；approval B．approval；agree
；approval
D．conformity；approval
答案 C
A．approach
B．application
答案 D
A．admit
B．agree
C．prove
D．approve
答案 D
beneath prep. 在……之下，向……下面
【课本原句】 However，new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money，so the digging was postponed until 1860，the initial tunnels were opened in 1863 and were just beneath the surface of the ground.(P50) 然而需要开1860年。首批地铁隧道于1863年开通，这些隧道紧靠地面。
太阳此刻落到地平线下了。
她坐在那幅画的正下方。
辨析 beneath/below/under
(1)beneath表示“在……下方”时，与表面相接触，与介词on
(2)below与介词above相对应，常指在某物体之下，但不一定在该物的正下方。也可指在海平面或地平线之下。
(3)under与介词over相对应，通常表示处于正下方，一般与表面不接触。
He wore a woolen vest beneath his shirt.
他衬衫里面穿着一件羊毛背心。
他在窗下一直等到她开窗和
She was carrying her handbag under her arm when I saw her.
我看到她时，她腋下夹着手提包。
——看看高考怎么考
prize in the competition，which was ________ her expectation.
C．above
D．beneath
答案 A
repair n．& v. 修理，修补
【课本原句】 The floods washed away soil along the road.Part of the road is still under repair.(P59)洪水冲掉了沿途的泥土，部分公路目前仍正在维修中。
在修理中
无法修补(修复)
急需修理
repair 维修良好
弥补过失
【联想拓展】
在兴建中
在讨论中
在复习中
在研究中
在考虑中
在调查中
在控制中
——看看高考怎么考
根据句意完成句子
Don't get too close to the house whose roof is under repair.
②Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday.
③I have to go to work by taxi because my car is being repaired at the garage.
④As a result of the serious flood，twothirds of the buildings in the area need repairing．
link up 连接，会合，联合
【课本原句】 In 1884，the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up.(P50)1884年，大都会铁路公司和大都会地区铁路部门联合起来了。
与……有关系
把……与……连接起来，把……连接到……上
挽着手臂
——看看高考怎么考
(环节)，driving will be affected.
(2011·福建卷·阅读理解A)
to_link_up_the_two_areas_by_telephone(用电话把两个地区连接起来)．
，the suspect was arrested.
(2017·邵东创新实验学校第3次月考)
C．To be linked
D．To link
答案 B
speed up 加速
【课本原句】 This has speeded up travel between the two cities.(P59)这使两个城市间的旅行变得快捷。
(时间)很快地过去，飞逝
.away 迅速将……带离
逐渐加速
以全速
以高速/低速
以……速度
，less/worse speed.欲速则不达
——看看高考怎么考
，the firms that “slowed down to speed_up(加速)”improved their top and bottom lines，averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a threeyear period.(2011·四川卷·阅读理解E)
y is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up(加速) with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.(2011·福建卷·阅读理解A)
________ the flow of traffic.
(2011·山东卷·语法和词汇知识25)
C．turn on
D．work out
答案 B
(2017·武冈市一中10月份月考)
C．give away
D．take off
答案 D
wash away 冲掉，冲垮，冲走
【课本原句】 The floods washed_away soil along the road and part of the road is still under repair.(P59)洪水冲掉了沿途的泥土，部分公路目前正在维修中。
不再过问，洗手不干
好洗/不好洗
被抛弃，被取消
把……冲到岸边
——看看高考怎么考
翻译句子
这种布很容易洗。
②The dirty marks on the skirt won't ________.(2017·邵东创新实验学校第4次月考)
hed out
C．wash away
D．washed away
答案 C
be aimed at 目的是，旨在，针对
【课本原句】 This notice is aimed at increasing people's knowledge of the problem.(P62)这个公告目的是增加人民对这个问题的认识。
目的，目标，瞄准
达到某人的目的
某人未击中目标
胸怀壮志
向……瞄准
漫无目的地
目的是，怀着……的目的
(2)aim 企图，意欲，瞄准
对……瞄准，目的在于，旨在
致力，努力追求
——看看高考怎么考
(目的)is to mix the physical with the digital.Providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways.(2011·四川卷·阅读理解C)
(没目标)．
as 句型
【课本原句】 As better ways for digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.(P50)随着挖掘隧道的更先进的方法的进展，第一条穿过泰晤士河的地铁隧道于1884年竣工。
在此处作连词，引导的是一个时间状语从句，意为“随着……”。
＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，也有“随着……”的意思。
，the heavy rain comes. 随着乌云压顶，暴雨来了。
——满分作文之佳句
，I couldn't have made so much progress in English.
e than 300 shops along.
c．With so many eyes staring at me, I felt nervous and upset.
——看看高考怎么考
(当我们离开时) Mr.McMahon，she turned to me.“Why on earth did you do that？” she asked in disbelief.(2011·湖北卷·阅读理解A)
，that is often inaccessible as(当) blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interest.(2011·重庆卷·阅读理解E)
(随着冬天的来临)，it's time to buy warm clothes.
，the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.(2011·浙江卷·单项填空21)
C．ends
D．develops
答案 D
，we come to learn to accept life as it is.
(2017·邵阳市二中10月份月考)
答案 A
Ⅰ.单词拼写
(学到) of the language.
(差别) between children and adults.
(注意力) and fell asleep.
(牺牲) my health in pursuit of wealth.
(权威) on chemistry.
beneath the top one.
8．They confused me by asking me so many questions.
9．I visited Beijing and the surrounding countryside in a few months.
10．You can discount what Jack said；he is a dreadful liar.
短语填空
；in addition to；cause trouble；at a discount；get off；；choke off；responsible for；in honour of；make up for；aim at；speed up
_to English，he has to study French.
3．I'm afraid that boy is causing_trouble．
4．She kept talking and nobody could choke_her_off．
5．Heavy rains were responsible_for storage of vegetables.
6．I have cooked a special meal in_honor_of our visitors.
7．I bought a ticket at_a_discount and rode the underground four times.
8．I thought I could have a relaxing weekend to make_up_for all my hard work.
9．They got_off immediately after lunch.
10．This notice is aimed_at increasing people's awareness of the problem.
Ⅲ.完成译文
两家机构为了帮助贫穷儿童联合举办一场慈善活动。(link up)
harity event for the poor children.
2．这些新的挖掘方法加快了伦敦地铁的发展步伐。(accelerate the pace of)
3．一般说来，人们喜欢买各种各样的减价商品。(discount)
，people like to buy all kinds of things at a discount．
因缺乏交流而引发的家庭问题越来越多。(arise from)
arising from the lack of communication.
5．由于不知道坐哪路车，她向我们求助。(turn to sb for help)
，she turned to us for help．
单项填空
1There is a close ________ between smoking and lung cancer.
A．distinction
B．acquisition
C．expansion
D．connection
答案 D [connection联系。句意：吸烟和肺癌密切相关。]
，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is unnecessarily ________ and effect.
答案 D [cause and effect因果。]
to see you，________ after he heard that you had returned from abroad.
；mainly
B．specially；especially
；especially
D．especially；specially
答案 B [specially专门地。句意：他来这里是专门看你的，特别是在听说你从国外回来后。]
Our figures are based on the ________ that the rate of inflation will be 5% by the end of the year.
A．substance
B．assumption
C．notice
D．theory
答案 B [assumption猜测，设想；that从句为同位语从句。]
________ at helping the poor children to be educated in China's west.
A．aims
B．aiming
C．being aimed
D．aim
答案 B [aim at doing sth 致力于做某事，用来说明主语they的打算。]
A．arisen
B．risen
C．raised
D．aroused
答案 A [arise出现，多用于抽象意义，主语多为抽象名词。]
________ and many ________.
A．dead；injure
B．dead；injured
；injuries
D．deaths；injure
答案 C [death作“死亡人数”讲injury作“受伤人数”讲时，均为可数名词。]
A．permitted
B．approved
C．allowed
D．admitted
答案 D [be admitted to school被接纳入学。]
，last week's ministerial meeting of the WTO here came to a low，though not failing，grade.
C．As a result of
D．In face of
答案 A [in terms of是“从……方面考虑”，“就……而言”；in ease of不存在，as a result of是“由于，因为”；in face of是“面对”
10．After the trainer was sure that the whale could look after itself，he ________ it into the sea.
C．released
D．handed
答案 C [release释放，放走。]
11Buses have routes.They ________ and ________ people at different places on the routes.
A．take on；get off
B．pick up；drop off
；take off
D．accept；drop out
答案 B [pick up sb 让某人上车。drop off sb让某人下车。]
—Of course.You can never be ________ careful with that.
A．enough
B．too
C．so
D．very
答案 B [not/never... too... 或not/never... 表示“再……也不为过，越……就越……”。答语句意：当然。你越小心越好。]
.
A．it
B．it repaired
C．repaired
D．to be repaired
答案 C [考查have sth done结构。该定语从句是过去完成时态，省略了关系代词that/which。]
，the problems will never be solved，I'm afraid.
答案 D [leave things as they are为固定结构，as为连词，表示“按照……方式”。句意：如果不去处理事情而放任自流，恐怕问题永远不会解决。]
—________.
A .You speak
B．That's it
C．You've got it
D．It's up to you
答案 D [It's up to you.表示“由你来定”。]