Unit 3 Understanding each other
Ⅰ.单词默写
向(某人)道贺，祝贺
&vi.允许，准许n.许可证
prep.&adv. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及
相像，十分相似adv.
5．expectation n. 期望，期盼
手势；姿势；示意动作
. 面具vt. 伪装，掩饰
音乐的n.音乐剧
&vi.蒸，蒸发n.蒸汽
烤，烘烤adj.烤的，焙的
ensure vt.to make something certain to happen
12．accustomed adj.to become used to something
13．slight adj.small in amount
14．carve vt. to cut a special shape out of wood or stone
15．govern vt.to control and direct the affairs of a country and its people
Ⅱ.词汇拓展
庆祝，庆典→celebrate v.
djust vi.&vt.调节，调整→adjustment n．→adjustable adj.可调
3．minority n．少数，少数民族→majority n．多数(反义词)
描述，叙述→accountant_n．会计，会计师
和平；和睦；安宁→peaceful_adj.→peacefully adv.
语境助记——词不离句，句不离段
，he was accustomed to congratulating others.Futhermore，he adjusted his feelings.That accounted for his expectation.
短语落实
更不用说
带某人参观、游览
占据(时间或空间)
控制，支配
有作用(关系、影响)
做某事有困难
兴喜若狂
梦想，梦见，向往
ke_part_in 参加，参与，从事
带来，拿来，取来；记住了
句子翻译
，the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together.(Page 43)
在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。
，so (Page 43)
他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。
嗯，你知道，在很多国家人们用食指来指东西。(Page 35)
ll，you_know_in_many_countries_people_point_with_their_first_finger.
许多外国人很难适应这种做法。(Page 35)
5．禁忌，是或不是——这是个问题！(Page 43)
_is_the_question!
Ⅴ.教材设题
句型转换(每空不超过3个单词)
(教材P35)
2．For example，I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night，but my American friends are not familiar with that particular festival.(教材P35)
，I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night，but that particular festival isn't_familiar_to my
3．This means they need to move around to hunt for food in the Artic Circle.(教材P46)
，hunting_for_food in the Artic Circle.
lude a threeday staying in an Aborigine village.(教材P46)
(for)_three days in an Aborigine village.
5．These ceremonies sometimes go on for hours.(教材P46)
last_hours．
difference n．区别，差异
【课本原句】 I need some help on my homework；it's (P34)
我的关于文化差异的家庭作业需要一些帮助。
【联想拓展】
对某人(物)关系重大
不同的，有区别的
(in...)(在……方面)与……不同
ntly adv.不同地
与……不同
和……不同
——看看高考
①Some_of_these_differences(一些不同)may be only on the surface—dress，food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with.(2011·全国卷II·阅读理解D)
，the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making_a_difference(做出改变)in society.(2011·天津卷·阅读表达)
(跟她意见不同)about/on this question.
(2017·江西临川一中10月份月考)
Ato
B．from
答案 A
adjust v．调整，调节；适应，适合
【课本原句】 It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.(P35)
看着新来的外籍老师尝试去适应做那个很有趣。
adjust sth to sth调节，调整
习惯于(做)某事，
adjust (oneself) to 使自己适应于
作出调整
——看看高考怎么考
s at school and are better_adjusted as teens and adults，and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition.(2010·山东卷·阅读表达)
om the sun and adjust(适应)the climate.(2009·安徽卷·阅读理解E)
(准备去适应一个新的地方)?
(2017·江苏省海门市高三第二次诊断性考试)
C．adjusted
D．adapted
答案 C
celebration n．庆典，庆祝会
【课本原句】 It's a celebration that takes place on November 5(P35)
它是在每年的11月5日举行的庆祝会。
hold a celebration for 为……举行庆祝会
庆祝某事
【联想拓展】
＋＋of”构成的常见短语：
为了纪念，以……名义
赞美
需要
代替
纪念
以防，万一
支持
辨析 celebrate/congratulate
(1)celebrate表示“庆祝”时，宾语是sth.，其名词是：celebration。
＝We held a celebration in celebration of the National Day.
为了庆祝国庆节，我们举行了庆祝会。
(2)congratulate表示“向某人表示祝贺，向某人道喜”，其宾语是sb.，可构成短语congratulate sb on(doing)sth 其名词是：congratulation。
——看看高考怎么考
，it is common to give gifts on many of these celebrations_in_western_cultures(西方文化的庆典)．(2010·陕西卷·六选五)
he_National_Day(来庆祝国庆节)．
(祝贺他)on having passed the examination.
(2017·长沙市一中月考)
celebrate
B．memorize
答案 A
native adj.本土的，本国的
【课本原句】 But what is really interesting is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between (P35)但是真正有趣的是有时候甚至在以英语
a native speaker of English 以英语为母语的人
故土
土生土长的伦敦人
母语
tive custom 当地习俗
天生的才智
指(植物)原属于……源于……
入乡随俗
的本地人
——看看高考怎么考
，you sounded_just_like_a_native(听起来像是本地人)．
(2011·安徽卷·单项填空23)
(2017·长沙地质中学月考)
答案 C
(2017·长沙周南中学月考)
C．on
D．of
答案 D
concern vt.与……有关，涉及；n.担心，关心
【课本原句】 The breaking of a taboo is usually upsetting or embarrassing for the person concerned and the people around him or her.(P43)对于相关的人和他(她)身边的人来说打破禁忌通常是令人苦恼和尴尬的。
concerned 担心的；相关的(作后置定语)
与某事有关
(for)sth/that 对……担心或忧虑
就……而言
关于
——看看高考怎么考
，people started becoming_concerned_(变得关心)the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.
(2011·安徽卷·阅读理解B)
(涉及)to the Richters.(2011·山东卷·阅读理解B)
(使她的父母很担心)．
________ reforms and everyone present was concerned ________ their own interests.(2011·周南中学摸底考试)
；for
B．with；with
；about
D．about；with
答案 A
account n．描述，叙述，描写；账户；原因 vt.&vi.说明，解释
【课本原句】 You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing，listen to traditional accounts of bravery，and play games.(P46)
你将有机会参加一个大集会，参与跳舞，听听对勇敢的传统诠释和玩游戏。
take... into account ＝ take... into consideration 考虑，体谅
考虑某事，注意某事
责问某人
因为，由于……
因为某人的缘故
决不(位于句首时，句子要用倒装)
解释；占……比例
——看看高考怎么考
，the listener can make multiple playlists without creating_an_account(设一个账户)with the site.(2011·湖南卷·Writing，Section A)
②On no account must/can_you_tell_him_about_our_plans(你把我们的计划告诉
③His illness ________，he did fairly well in the examination.(2017·长郡中学月考)
C．to take into account
D．took into account
答案 B
take off 脱(鞋，衣，帽等)；(飞机)起飞；休假；(事业，经济等)腾飞
【课本原句】 Another thing is，if you came to Brunei，you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone's house.(P35)另一件事是，如果你去文莱
【联想拓展】
冒险
利用
采取行动/措施
(on)(对……)采取措施
照顾，料理
控制，掌管
开始起作用
考虑某事
注意
就职
接管，接替职务
代替某人；接替某人的位置
起立发言；起步跳舞
——看看高考怎么考
用与take有关的短语填空
，he ①has_been_taking_on(承担)the work of environmental preservation.In the first five years，he ②took_the_trouble(不怕麻烦，费力)to do the research related to water conservation，which ③took_up(占据)much of his time.Now he is busy traveling around to country to give speeches，in which he calls on us to ④take_full_advantage_of(充分利用)solar energy.He always ⑤takes_pride_in(感到骄傲)his work；he believes that if everyone ⑥took_action(采取行动)，our environment would be much cleaner.
refer to 谈及，提到；指称；查阅；参考
【课本原句】 We also use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action.(P40)我们也用非真实条件句来提及一个过去的假想行动。
refer to...谈及……
将……称为……
被称作为……
【联想拓展】
参考，参照
参考书
ence to 和……有关系
关于
和……无关
——看看高考怎么考
(被称作为……)a universal language.(2011·北京卷·阅读理解D)
m faced with a difficulty，I usually choose to refer_to(查阅)relevant learning materials or Web pages.(2011·安徽卷·书面表达，范文赏读)
(2017·湖南师大附中月考)
C．referring
D．would refer
答案 B
take up 占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；跟随；拿起；提起；继续
【课本原句】 I have no idea what he will do with them all，and it took up a lot of time.(P42)
我不知道他会如何处理他们，并且花了很多时间。
take up less space 占据较小的空间
占去太多时间
拿起武器(去战斗)
从事工作/斗争
【联想拓展】
take away 减去，取走
取回，归还；收回诺言，话语等
取下；写下，记下；
take in 吸收；欺骗
认为某事当然；想当然
对……感兴趣
引以为豪
——看看高考怎么考
able to reserve the pool for one hour(i.e. 2：45 pm to 3：45pm)．Only students skilful at swimming can take_up(从事)this activity.(2010·福建卷·阅读理解D)
(进行游泳锻炼)．
③Not knowing much of the world yet，simpleminded teenagers are easily ________.(2017·湖南邵东一中月考)
C．taken on
D．taken off
答案 B
meet with 会见，会晤；偶然碰见
【课本原句】 This will be the place where you will meet with the Maoris and join with them in dance.(P47)
这将是你会见毛利人并与他们跳舞的地方。
meet with approval/success 获得同意/成功
遭到反对/失败
遭遇事故/危险/死亡
【联想拓展】
结识/碰到/迎接某人
满足需求/需要/要求
达到目的/目标/指标
偿付债务/支付费用/支付开销
(使)收支相抵
——看看高考怎么考
，rather than plough ahead full bore，are more successful in meeting_their_business_goals(实现他们的商业目标)．2011·四川卷·阅读理解E)
，in spite of the quarrel with the boss，and greeted every person he met ________ the way back to his office.(2017·长沙田家炳中学月考)
答案 A
______，he would refuse to sign the agreement，he insisted.(2017·邵阳市一中11月份月考)
答案 A
belong to 属于；与……有关
【课本原句】 There are many different tribes that belong to the Native American Indian group.(P47)
美洲印第安土著民族有许多不同的部落。
belong to“属于；与……有关”，无被动态，不用进行时态，其中to为介词，后面接代词宾格或名词作宾语。
(×)
The car is belonging to me.(×)
The car belongs to mine.(×)
The car belongs to me.(√)这辆车是我的。
——看看高考怎么考
belong_to(属于)University College London.(2010·四川卷·阅读理解C)
！(2017·邵阳市二中10月份月考)
C．is belonged to
D．belonging to
答案 D
，please put the book ________ it belongs.(2017·祁阳一中11月份月考)
答案 B
get＋过去分词句型，使……处于某种状态或情况或表示被动意义
【课本原句】 Emily never gets excited about anything.(P39) 艾米丽从不对任何事感到兴奋。
(1)“get ＋形容词”表示达到某种状态或情况
，etc.变得(身体)好/饥饿/不安/胖/健康/冷等
(2)get同过去分词构成的短语：
穿上get married结婚
遭劫
get burnt 烧伤；晒黑了
得以付钱
get drunk 喝醉酒
开始
——看看高考怎么考
ick and I'll record them for you.That should_get_you_started(应该让你从头开始)．(2011·浙江卷·完形填空)
(开始)，and even when I had to say goodbye，almost every joke from my new friends had a tone(语气)of doubt in it.(2010·湖南卷·Language Knowledge，Section B)
，hurry up.I'm afraid you won't have time to ________ before the party.(2017·邵东创新实验学校第4次月考)
Aget changed
B．get change
答案 A
Ⅰ.短语填空
；belong to；take into account；in contact with；take part in；be rich in；make sense
2．It doesn't make_sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
3．We must take his response to the matter into_account．
5．If I'm given a point of support，I'll hold_up the whole world!
完成译文
村民们为庆祝两位唯一考上大学的学生所取得的好成绩，放映了一部新电影。
2．一般来说，实木制作的家具很牢固。
，furniture made_of pure wood is very hard to move.
中学是那些努力拼搏渴望考上大学学子们的家园。
4．他在加利福尼亚大学读书时，遇到了许多杰出的人士。
(with) many outstanding men.
5．他在思考数学难题时，习惯在自己的卧室里走来走去。
，he has the habit of moving_around in his bedroom.
翻译句子
那个男同学因为上课迟到向老师道了歉。(make an apology to sb.for sth.)
2．我一点儿也不明白你的意思。(have no idea)
3．如果隧道建成，它将有史以来第一次把英国和欧洲大陆连接起来。(connect...to...)
s_built，it_will_connect_Britain_to_Europe_for_the_first_time_in_history.
这篇资讯报导是完全根据实际情况写成的。(base...on)
5．工人们在建筑工地上用手传递砖块。(from hand to hand)
from_hand_to_hand_in_the_construction_site.
Ⅳ.单项填空
，Mary.How's ________ school going?
Glad to see you again! I've been really busy ________ last couple of weeks.
A．/；the
B．the；/
；a
D．/；a
答案A [school在本句中为抽象名词；the last couple of weeks近几周。]
—Sorry，I don't understand it completely.
C．clarify
D．classify
答案 C [clean打扫；clear转晴；clarify澄清；classify分类。句意：——你能澄清一下第一点吗？——对不起，我不完全理解。]
，primary schools often hold parties in ________ of Children's Day.
C．favor
D．preference
答案 A [in celebration of 为了庆祝。]
—The traffic is ________ by a bus accident.
A．held on
B．held back
C．held out
D．held up
答案 D [hold up the traffic阻碍交通。]
，otherwise I ________ you long before.
Ahad visited
B．have visited
答案 C [本句为虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。]
，if possible?
A．was
B．were
答案 A [从本题上半句可知，此处表示过去的虚拟。因此，下句为过去的事实。]
______ the people have become masters of their country ______ science can really serve the people.
A．It is only then；that
B．It was that；when
；that
D．It was when；then
答案 C [考查强调句型。句意：只有当人民真正的当家作主的时候，科学才能真正的为人民服务。这里强调的是时间状语从句。我们比较熟悉only引导的时间状语从句置于句首的时候要用到倒装，但是如果放在强调句型中，就不用倒装了。]
，hungry animals got out of their ________ places to ________ some food.
；hunt for
B．hiding；hunt
；hunt for
D．hiding；hunting for
答案 A [hiding places藏身之处；hunt for＝look for寻找。]
，in those days，a common ________ to give someone who had stolen the choice of going to sea or going to prison.
C．belief
D．practice
答案 D [practice意为“惯例，常规”。]
will be put into practice soon.
A．agreement
B．approval
C．nod
D．remark
答案 B [approval批准，同意。]
，________，of course，made the others envy him.
that
C．what
D．which
答案D [which引导非限制性定语从句。]
—Yeah.My boss ________ for me to discuss business details with someone from another company.
A．asked
B．called
C．sent
D．arranged
答案 D [arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事。]
—I didn't want one，but he would have given me one if I ________.
答案 A [从上句would have done可判断出，本句是对过去情况的虚拟。]
，but all the tickets ________ out.
C．have sold
D．was selling
答案 B [玛丽去售票处是一个过去的动作，而票全部售完发生在玛丽去售票处之前，因此是“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。]
—________，please.I'll see if I can find him for you.
C．Hold out
D．Hold off
答案 B [hold on意为“不要挂断，请等一会儿”，符合句意，其余选项均不是打电话时的用语。]