五、“似是而非”定语从句 第一组 ①It was the small city ________ I once worked. ②It was in the small city ________ I once worked. A．where
B．which
C．that
D．on which 答案 ①A ②C 强调句型可以还原：若将It is/was和that/who去掉而句中不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句型；若结构不完整，则说明原句可能为定语从句。 第二组 ①She is such a pretty girl ________ I daren't look directly at. ②She is such a pretty girl ________ I daren't look directly at her. A．as
B．like
C．which
D．that 答案 ①A ②D 比较such ...as与such...that：前者引导的是定语从句，as须作主语、宾语、表语等；后者引导的是结果状语从句，that不作成分。 第三组 ①I still live ________ I was born. ②I still live in the town ________ I was born. ③I still have a question ________ I was born. A．where
B．in which
C．A & B 答案 ①A ②C ③A where引导定语从句时，其前须有地点名词，where常可用“介词＋which”取代；where引导的从句前如无地点名词，则不是定语从句，where就不可用“介词＋which”取代。 第四组 ①________ is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. ②________ is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month. ③________ is known to everyone is that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A．It
B．As
C．That
D．What 答案 ①B ②A ③D as引导的定语从句位于句首时，与主句之间须用逗号隔开；it作形式主语时，其后一般不用逗号。what引导的主语从句位于句首时，其后一般不用逗号，主语从句后须有谓语动词。 第五组 ①I have two sisters，________ are teachers. ②I have two sisters，and ________ are teachers. ③I have two sisters；________ are teachers. ④I have two sisters，________ teachers. A．both of who B．both of them C．both of whom 答案 ①C ②B ③B ④B 非限制性定语从句：从句前须有逗号，没有连词，且从句中须有谓语动词；并列句：一般由and等并列连词连接或中间有分号隔开；独立主格结构：无谓语动词。 第六组 ①The fact ________ he is lying is clear. ②The fact ________ he told us was surprising. A．that
B．which
C．不填
D．A，B&C 答案 ①A ②D 名词后接同位语从句时，that不在从句中作成分，that一般不可省；后接定语从句时，that须在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可省。 高频语法讲练 第一章 定语从句
△定语从句讲解△ 一、定语从句的三个基本概念 1．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或整个句子。 2．关系词：代替先行词，用来连接先行词和定语从句，同时在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。 3．定语从句：放在先行词之后，用来修饰先行词的句子。 【例1】 This is the boy ________ we are looking for. A．what
B．which
C．that
D．whose 答案 C 二、判断关系词的方法 1．看是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。 2．看先行词指人还是指物。 3．根据关系词在从句中所作的成分。 【例2】 The person ________ often comes to help me is my father. A．who
B．whom
C．what
D．which 答案 A 【例3】 I'll never forget those years ________ I lived in the country with the farmers，________ has a great effect on my later life. A．in which；that
B．when；which C．which；that
D．when；who 答案 B 三、关系词的基本用法 1．关系代词that的用法 先行词是人或物，that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。 【例4】 The student ________ is studying English often gives me books ________ I want very much. A．that；that
B．which；which C．that；what
D．which；that 答案 A 【例5】 China isn't the country ________ it used to be. A．which
B．that
C．as
D．where 答案 B 2．关系代词which的用法 先行词是物，which在从句中作主语、宾语。 【例6】 In fact the Swede didn't understand the three questions ________ were asked in French. A．where
B．who
C．in which
D．which 答案 D 3．关系代词who/whom的用法 先行词是人，who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom只作宾语。 【例7】 I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year.
(2010·湖南) A．who
B．where
C．when
D．which 答案 A 【例8】 Do you know the woman ________ we met at the gate? A．which
B．what
C．whom
D．where 答案 C 4．关系代词whose的用法 先行词是人或物，whose在从句中作定语。whose＋n.＝ the＋n.＋of which/whom＝ of which/whom＋the＋n. 【例9】 His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. A．of whom
B．whom C．of whose
D．whose 答案 A 【例10】 Please pass me the dictionary ________ cover is black. A．of which
B．which C．of whose
D．whose 答案 D 5．关系副词when的用法 先行词是时间，when在从句中作时间状语。 【例11】 That's the day ________ my father was born in America. A．that
B．when
C．where
D．which 答案 B 6．关系副词where的用法 先行词是地点，where在从句中作地点状语。 【例12】 —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber's ________ I go.It's only 15.(2010·天津) A．as
B．which
C．where
D．that 答案 C 7．关系副词why的用法 先行词是reason，why在从句中作原因状语。 【例13】 Do you know the reason ________ he was late for the party? A．that
B．when
C．why
D．how 答案 C 8．关系代词but的用法 先行词是否定，but本身也是否定且在从句中一般只作主语。but ＝ that ...not 【例14】 In the world there is no one ________ has a few faults. A．that
B．but
C．who
D．whom 答案 B 四、定语从句的注意事项 1．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的比较 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形 式 其前无逗号 其前有逗号 翻 译 译在先行词前(即：从句译作先行词的定语) 译成与主句并列的一个分句 (即：译作两句) 功 能 修饰名词或代词 可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个主句 关系词 可用that引导；作宾语的关系代词常可省 不可用that引导；关系词一律不省 意 义 起限制作用(若被省 去，原句意义不完整) 起补充说明作用(若被省去，原句意义不受影响) 【例15】 He has a strange character，________ makes him hard to get along with. A．who
B．which
C．that
D．what 答案 B 【例16】 That is Tom's father ________ works in Chuangxin. A．whom
B．who
C．that
D．what 答案 B 2．注意定语从句谓语动词的形式 关系代词作定语从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词必须与先行词保持一致。 【例17】 He who ________ reach the Great Wall is not a true man. A．don't
B．doesn't
C．isn't
D．aren't 答案 B 下列两种情况须特别注意 (1)在“one of＋复数名词”后面，定语从句的谓语用复数。 (2)在“the (only) one of＋复数名词”后面，定语从句的谓语用单数。 【例18】 Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ________ evening dress.(2010·全国Ⅱ) A．wear
B．wears C．has worn
D．have worn 答案 B 3．关系词常可省略的情况 (1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时； (2)先行词是某些表示时间的名词(如time等)时； (3)先行词the way后面的关系词作状语时(可理解为省略关系词that或in which)。 【例19】 It's time ________ we went to school. A．when
B．as
C．不填
D．which 答案 C 4．由“介词＋whom/which”引出的定语从句 介词的选用：(1)看介词和从句中的动词、形容词的习惯搭配； (2)看介词和前面先行词的习惯搭配； (3)看从句谓语部分与前面先行词之间的搭配； (4)表示“所有关系”或整体中的一部分时常用of。(注意：该结构中的关系代词一般不用that/who，且其中的whom/which不可省。) 【例21】 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
(2010·浙江) A．whom
B．which
C．them
D．those 答案 A 【例22】 Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future.
(2010·上海) A．on which
B．by which C．to which
D．from which 答案 C 【例23】 Is this the dictionary ________ you spent five dollars? A．to which
B．for which C．on which
D．that 答案 C 5．先行词指“物”时，用that一般不用which的情况 (1)先行词是不定代词all，none，little，much，everything，nothing等时； (2)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时； (3)先行词被序数词或the last，the only，the very修饰时； (4)先行词既有人又有物时； (5)关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时。 【例24】 I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.
(2010·全国Ⅱ) A．who
B．that
C．as
D．what 答案 B 【例25】 They talked about the things and persons ________ they remembered in the school in the past. A．which
B．that
C．whom
D．what 答案 B 【例26】 She was the only person in her office ________ was invited to the ball. A．who
B．that
C．where
D．which 答案 A/B 6．as和which引导非限制性定语从句的比较 相同点：(1)先行词都可指代整个主句；(2)都可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 不同点：(1)as引导的从句可位于句首，而which则不行； (2)as有“正如……”之意，而which表示“这一点”。 【例27】 ________ is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. A．It
B．As
C．Which
D．What 答案 B 【例28】 My father has returned from abroad，________ makes our family very happy. A．that
B．which
C．it
D．as 答案 B 7．与the same连用的关系词 比较the same...as与the same...that：一般说来，前者表“同类”，后者表“同一”。 【例29】 Tom took away the camera because it was just the same camera ________ he lost last week. A．as
B．like
C．which
D．that 答案 D 8．先行词表示时间、地点或原因时，关系词用that或which的情况 有时，先行词虽表时间、地点或原因，但关系词在从句中作主语、宾语等而不是作状语，这时，不用when，where或why，要用that或which。 【例30】 I can never forget the day ________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together. A．when；which
B．which；when C．what；that
D．on which；when 答案 A 【例31】 This is the reason ________ prevented us from coming. A．why
B．for which C．that
D．what 答案 C