5. (1) I didn't know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn't have believed him.
(2) I'm really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.
我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。(or else＝if I had known he was a cheat)
我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。(otherwise＝if I were not so busy) 7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ 6. Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo.
7. (1) I would write to her, but I don't know her address.
凡是看过那画的人，都可能把它看成是照片。(Anyone who had seen that painting＝If anyone had seen that painting)
我会给她写信的，就是不知道她的地址。
(but I don't know her address ＝if I knew her address) 7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ (2)I would have attended her wedding ceremony, but I was so occupied.
8. Don't bother to read all these papers. It would take too long.
本想参加她的婚礼的，但当时我太忙。 (but I was so occupied＝ if I hadn't so occupied)
不要费事看所有这些文件了，那会花太多时间。(Don't bother to read all these papers…＝If you read all these papers，it…)
7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ 7
所谓含蓄虚拟条件句即没有出现明显的假设条件，而是把条件从句隐藏在上下文中的一类条件句，其主要用法及表现形式可归纳如下： 1. 将条件隐含在不定式短语中； 2. 将条件隐含在现在分词或过去分词短语中； 3. 将条件隐含在介词短语中，常见介词有but for和without； 4. 将条件隐含在名词短语中； 7 5. 将条件隐含在某些连词中， 常见连词有 otherwise和or else； 6. 将条件隐含在定语从句中； 7. 将条件隐含在but引导的并列句中； 8. 将条件隐含在其他形式的上下文中。 2. could＋have＋done表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来有能力做或本来具备条件做某事而没有做。否定句表示本来不可以做某事，而实际做了。 3. may/might＋have＋done 表示对过去事情的推测，意思是“也许已经做了某事”。might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。否定句表示“也许还没做”。 4. would＋have＋done 表示 “本来会/想做”，事实上没做。否定句表示本来不想/会做某事，而实际做了。 10 5. should/ought to＋have＋done 意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” 否定句表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。另外，还有“竟然做了”的意思。 6. need＋have＋done表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't＋have＋done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。 10
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。包括两种情况：与事实相反，纯属假设；虽然还不是事实，但可能变为事实。 注意：不能把虚拟语气简单地理解为“不可能”的事实。如：If I were you，I'd make a change in life.我当然无法变成你，所以这是纯粹的不可能成为事实的假设。但在It's high time that we had dinner.中显然表达“大家应该去”，而且这种呼吁很快就会变为现实。可见，此句表达的是说话人的一种“提醒，建议”含义的虚拟语气。 翻译下列句子，指出虚拟语气主、从句对应的时间 1. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help.
1 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。从句与现在事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。
2. If you should go to the moon tomorrow, what would you take with you?
3. If I had been more careful, I would have taken the first place in the maths contest.
1 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 假如明天你去月球，你会带什么去？从句与将来事实相反，主句与将来事实相反。 假如我再细心些，我就在这次的数学竞赛中获一等奖了。从句与过去事实相反，主句与过去事实相反。 4. If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
5. Had he known her address, he would have gone to visit her.
1 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在做就会容易些。从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反(混合时间)。 如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。从句(倒装)与过去事实相反，主句与过去事实相反。 1 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be的过去式一般用were) would/ should/ could/ might ＋动词原形 与过去事实相反 had ＋过去分词 would/ should/ could/ might ＋have ＋过去分词 与将来事实相反 动词过去式，should ＋ 动词原形，were to ＋ 动词原形 would/ should/ could/ might ＋动词原形 1 注意：有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气)，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。如：
If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.
如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在) 1 1．主从句时间不一致时，主从句谓语动词的表达形式采用组装法，即从句对应什么时间就用相对应的表达式，同样主句对应什么时间也用相对应的表达式。 2．在虚拟条件状语从句中，如果含有had，should 或were时，可将if省略，将这些词提前。 用所给动词的适当形式完成句子，并简述理由 1. (1) The teacher suggested that we ______________
(make) good use of every minute here.
(2) His silence suggested he __________(not agree) to our new plan.
2 宾语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？
(should) make
didn't agree
2. (1) I wish I _____________________(see) her last night.
(2) The little girl wishes she _______(have) a pair of wings.
(3) I wish I ________ (go) to Mars to explore space.
could have seen/had seen had
would go 2 宾语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 3. (1) I'd rather you ________(see) the film yesterday.
(2) I'd rather you __________ (be) here now.
(3) We'd rather you __________(go) here tomorrow.
had seen
were
went 2 宾语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 2 宾语从句中的虚拟语气主要有三种情况： 1．表示建议，命令，请求，要求，意图含义的动词suggest, advise，insist, order，command, require，request，demand, ask，prefer 等引导宾语从句时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，句式结构为主语＋should＋动词原形，其中should可以省略。但要should表“暗示，表明”，insist表示“坚决认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句用实际陈述语气。 2 2. wish之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。其主要形式有三种： 对现在情况的虚拟 wish＋主语＋动词过去式(be用were) 对过去情况的虚拟 wish＋主语＋had＋过去分词 对将来情况的虚拟 wish＋主语＋would＋动词原形
2 3. would rather引导的宾语从句，从句为过去时间，动词用had done; 从句为现在时间，动词用一般过去式(be用were)；从句是将来时间，动词用一般过去式。 根据汉语提示完成下列句子 1. It is necessary that I ___________ (return) it right now.
我有必要马上把它还回去。 2. It's strange that he __________ (be) so rude.
他竟如此无礼，真是奇怪。 3.
It
was
ordered
that
the
room
________________ (clean)．
按要求这间房要打扫。 3 主语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ should return should be (should) be cleaned 3 主语从句用虚拟语气的句式主要有三种： 1．在It is important/necessary that…等主语从句中，从句谓语动词用should＋动词原形。should此时表达“应该”的意思。 2．在It is amazing (strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame) that从句中有时也用should，此时表示说话人的惊异、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意。 3 若不用虚拟语气则不带感情色彩，比较： It's a pity that he failed the exam.
他考试没及格，真是遗憾。 It's a pity that he should have failed the exam.
他考试竟没及格，真是遗憾。 3 3. It is (was) ordered (suggested, required, requested) that从句中，从句谓语动词用should＋动词原形。should此时表达“应该”的意思。 4 表语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 翻译下列句子，找出表语从句中的虚拟语气表达形式 1. His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully.
他的建议就是我们的工作应该更细心些。表语从句中的虚拟语气表达形式为：(should) ＋ 动词原形。 2. It looks as if the old man were the king of the zoo. 看起来老人就像动物园的国王。表语从句中的虚拟语气表达形式为：主语＋过去式。 4 表语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 4 使用虚拟语气的表语从句句式主要有： 1．The＋名词＋is/was that表语从句。这些名词是表示请求、要求、命令、建议等意义的名词如：advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等。表语从句的虚拟语气结构为：(should) ＋ 动词原形。 4 2. It looks as if表语从句。如表达的与现在事实相反用过去式，与过去事实相反用过去完成时。不过，要注意如果表达的内容是真实可信的，则用直陈语气，使用实际时态。如：It is getting dark. It looks as if it is going to rain. 天变暗了，看来要下雨了(迹象表明要下雨，根据经验判断此种情况下通常会下雨)。 5 同位语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？
用同位语从句翻译下列句子，注意同位语从句的谓语动词形式
我们应该采取措施唤醒环保意识，他这个建议为大家所接受。 His suggestion that we should take measures to arouse our awareness of environmental protection is accepted by us all.
谓语动词用虚拟语气。 5
在“名词＋that…”同位语从句中，如果名词为表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词如：advice 建议，demand 要求，desire 愿望， decision 决定， idea意见， motion 提议， order命令， proposal 提议， requirement 要求， request 请求，regulation 规章， suggestion 建议等名词时，其同位语从句要用虚拟语气结构：主语＋(should) ＋ 动词原形。 6 定语从句中的虚拟语气有哪些情况？ 翻译下列句子，找出定语从句中的虚拟语气表达形式
是搞大扫除的时候了。 It is about/high time that we had/ should have a thorough cleaning. 6
定语从句中的虚拟语气比较少见，在“是做某事的时候了”句式中从句谓语动词用should do 或过去式。 7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ 翻译下列句子，并将含蓄条件句改为if条件句 1. To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination.
假如你学习更用功些，你就考试及格了。 (To have studied harder＝If you had studied harder)
假若多给些时间，我会做得更好。 (Given more time＝If I had been given more time)
假若这次失败了，那你怎么办？ (Failing this time ＝If you failed this time) 2. (1) Given more time, I would have done it better.
(2) Failing this time, what would you do?
7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ 3. (1)But for your help we couldn't have succeeded in the experiment.
(2)I would be still working on the problem without your help. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。(But for your help＝If it hadn't been for your help) 如果你当时不帮我，我现在还在解决这个问题呢。(without your help＝If you hadn't helped me) 7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ 4. (1)Another word, and I would beat you flat.
(2)A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer.
你再说一句话，我就把你打倒在地。(Another word＝If you said another word)
要是你早来几个小时，你就见到这位著名的作家了。(A few hours earlier＝If you had come a few hours earlier, you…) 7 含蓄虚拟条件句有哪些情况？ 6 need既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词，其主要用法如下：
1．可用作实义动词，意为“需要；必要”，后面可接名词、动名词或动词不定式等作宾语。其否定式和疑问式借助助动词进行变化。 2. need作情态动词，通常用于疑问句和否定句中，后接动词原形。这时need没有人称和数的变化，也没有时态的变化。 6 dare 既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词，其主要用法如下：
1. 用作实义动词，此时其后接动词不定式，但在否定句中to可以省略，且dare有人称和数以及时态的变化。
2. dare用作情态动词，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，后跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有过去式形式。 翻译下列句子，体会情态动词used to/ ought to的用法 1. I used to write poetry when I was young.
7 used to/ ought to有哪些用法？ 我年轻时常常写诗(现在不写了)。
2. (1) He usedn't to come here.
(2) He didn't use to come here.
(3) Used he to come here?
(4) Did he use to come here?
(1)他过去不常来这儿。
(2)他过去不常来这儿。
(3)他过去常来这儿吗？ (4)他过去常来这儿吗？ 7 used to/ ought to有哪些用法？ 3. We ought to leave at once.
4. That ought to be enough food for all of us.
7 used to/ ought to有哪些用法？ 我们应该马上离开。 那些应该够我们大家吃的了。 5. (1) He ought not to go now, ought he?
(2) Ought we to have our clothes washed by our parents?
(1)他现在不该走，是吗？
(2)我们该让父母为我们洗衣服吗？
7 used to/ ought to有哪些用法？ 7 1．used to的意思是“过去经常，而现在已经终止的动作或状态”。其中的to是不定式符号不是介词，所以其后接动词原形。 2. used to作为情态动词，可直接在used后加not构成否定式，直接将used置于句首构成疑问式，但与一般的情态动词不同的，它也可像普通动词那样借助助动词did构成否定式和疑问式，此时used改为 use。
7 3. ought to表示义务或责任。意为“应该”。
4. ought to表示推断。意为“应该”、“可能”。
5. 在否定句中用ought not 或oughtn't，在疑问句中将ought提到主语之前。
翻译下列句子，体会情态动词had better/ would rather的用法 1.(1) You'd better work out a plan for your future career.
(2) He had better fly to Beijing, which saves quite a lot of time. 8 had better/ would rather有哪些用法？ (1)你最好为日后的职业生涯作出规划。 (2)他最好坐飞机去北京，这样节约大量时间。 (3) We'd better not blame each other before the truth comes out. (4) Hadn't we better have a discussion about the coming school sports meet? 8 had better/ would rather有哪些用法？ (3)事情没弄清楚之前，我们最好不要互相指责。 (4)关于下次校运会，我们是否最好讨论一下？ 2. (1) Liu Hulan would rather die than give in.
(2) I would spend more time on my work rather than turn to others for help.
(3) Rather than refuse to help you, I would borrow money from my friends. 8 had better/ would rather有哪些用法？ (1)刘胡兰宁死不屈。 (2)工作方面，我宁愿多花些时间也不愿求助别人。 (3)我宁可向我的朋友借钱，也不会拒绝帮助你。 (4) I'd rather you paid me in cash. (5) I'd rather we hadn't seen each other before. (6) I would rather not have such a car, which always breaks down halfway. 8 had better/ would rather有哪些用法？ (4)我宁愿你付我现金。 (5)我宁愿我们以前互不认识。 (6)我宁愿没有这样一辆总是半途抛锚的车。 8 had better的主要用法如下： 1．意思为“最好”，表达建议，后接动词原形； 2．had为固定用词，不可改为has或have； 3．其否定式为had better not，不可为had not better； 4．其疑问形式常为否定式，即Hadn't sb. /sth. better do? 8 would rather的主要用法如下： 1. 常见句式为sb. would rather do…than do…，意思是“宁愿做什么而不愿做什么”。注意 than后面的内容为否定项； 2. 句式为sb. would rather do…than do…可改写为sb. would do…rather than do… 3. 上述句式中rather than do 可提前至句首：Rather than do…， sb. would do… 8 4. would rather可以接宾语从句，表达与现在或将来以及过去相反的愿望。表达与现在或将来的愿望相反时，从句动词一律用一般过去时，表达与过去相反的愿望时，从句动词用过去完成时； 5．would rather 的否定式为would rather not do。
9 must / have to有哪些用法？ 翻译下列句子，体会情态动词must / have to的用法 1. (1) You must do as you are told.
(2) — Must we hand in our duty report before school is over?
— Yes, you must./ No, you needn't./No，you don't have to. (1)你必须遵嘱行事。 (2)——我们必须放学前上交值日报告吗？
——是的，必须/不，不必。
(3) You mustn't talk like that. 2. (1) They must be in the room, for the light is on.
(2)He must be listening to music now. He can't hear us.
(3) This kind of book must have been sold out last month.
9 must / have to有哪些用法？
(3)你不得那样说话。
2. (1)他们一定在房间，因为灯是亮的。
(2)他一定在听音乐，(所以)听不到我们说话。
(3)这种书上个月一定卖完了。
3. All men must die. 4. If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops.
5. The machine must break down at this busy hour.
9 must / have to有哪些用法？ 3．人必有一死。
4．如果你坚持要走，至少也要等雨停了再走。
5．正忙的时候机器偏偏坏了。 6. There are too many objections and the local government has to cancel the new plan.
7. There being no bus, I had to take a taxi home. 8. They don't have to buy another computer at present. 9 must / have to有哪些用法？ 6．因反对意见太多，当地政府只好取消这项新计划。 7．没有了公交车，我只好坐出租车回家。 8．他们目前没有必要再买台电脑。 must的主要用法有： 1. 在肯定句，疑问句中表示必须、命令或强制，意为“必须，得”。在否定句中表禁止，意为“不得，决不可”； 9 2．表示肯定的推测，意为“一定”。推测句式有三种，分别是对现在所处的状态或正在进行的动作以及过去所处的状态或发生的动作的推测，说话者语气十分肯定。must ＋ be…(现在)一定是或处于某种状态；must be doing(现在)一定正在做某事；must have done sth.过去一定做了某事； 9 3. 表示不可避免性。意为“必然要，必定会”；
4. 表示主张，意为“一定要，坚持要”；
5. 表示出乎意料或与愿望相反，意为“偏要”。 9 have to的主要用法有： 1．侧重客观上的必须，可译为“不得不”； 2．have to有时态变化。一般现在时为have/hasto；过去时为had to，将来时为will have to； 3．have to的否定形式是don't have to，相当于needn't。 9
10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？ 翻译下列句子，体会情态动词＋ have done的用法
1. (1)It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ (2) Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
(3) There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?
10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？ 2. (1) My father could have gone to college but at that time the Culture Revolution broke out.
(2) The accident couldn't have occurred if you hadn't drunk. 我父亲本来可以上大学的，但是当时文化大革命发生了。
你如果不喝酒，就不会出事了。 10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？
3. (1) — What has happened to George?
— I don't know. He may have got lost.
(2) When he arrived，the post office might have been closed，but I'm not sure.
——乔治发生了什么事？ ——我不知道，他可能迷路了。
他到达时，邮局也许关门了，不过我没把握。 10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？
(3) You may as well go to the booking office.The tickets may not have been sold out.
4. (1) I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me.
你不妨去一下售票厅，说不定票没卖完呢。
我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？
(2) I wouldn't have attended the party but Tom repeatedly asked me to.
5. (1) Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.
10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？ 我本不想去参加那个聚会，可是当时汤姆不停地叫我去(因此，我只好去了)。
汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。 这是你我之间的事。你不应该让所有的人都知道。
他说我贪得无厌。他竟然说出了那样的话！ 10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？ (2) This is between you and me. You ought not have told the whole world.
(3) He said I was greedy.He should have said that! 6. (1) He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldn't have missed the train.
(2) I needn't have bought so much wine — only five people came. 10 情态动词＋ have done的含义？ 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。
我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了5个人。
情态动词＋ have done均与过去时间有关，是对过去发生的情况的推测，猜测，评价或指责，不指向将来和现在。具体用法如下：
1．must＋have＋done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；
在否定和疑问句中must改为can't 或couldn't，译成“不可能做过某事”或“可能做过……吗？” 10
常见情态动词有：must, can(could), may(might), ought to, need, dare, shall(should), will(would), have (had) to, used to, had better, would rather。 注意：need，dare也可用作实义动词。 把下列句子变为否定句，疑问句(每空一词) 1. I dare say he is innocent. 否定句：I _____ ____ _____ he is innocent. 疑问句：_____ ___ _____ he is innocent? 1 情态动词用法上有何共同特征？ say
not dare say I
Dare 把下列句子变为否定句，疑问句(每空一词) 1 情态动词用法上有何共同特征？ 2. You need give a further explanation of your design. 否定句： You _____ _______ _______ a further explanation of your design. 疑问句： ______ _____ ______ a further explanation of your design? give not
need
give you
Need
1 情态动词用法的共同特征： 1．肯定句中放在谓语动词之前：主语＋情态动词＋动词原形。 2. 情态动词无人称和数的变化。 3. 大部分情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式。 4. 否定式构成是在情态动词后面直接加“not”。 5. 疑问句将情态动词直接提到主语前。
翻译下列句子，体会情态动词can/could的用法 1. Take care while fishing! You know not all the children can swim.
2. I think the work can be completed ahead of time.
2 can/could有哪些用法？ 钓鱼时小心些！你知道不是所有孩子都会游泳。 我认为这项工作能提前完成。 3. You can't take the book out of the room. 你不可以将这本书拿出室外。 4. It can be quite windy there, especially in Spring.
2 can/could有哪些用法？ 那里有时容易刮风，特别在春季。 5. It can't be our headmaster. He has gone abroad. 那个人不可能是我们的校长。他已经出国了。 6. I heard you could speak several languages. 我听说你会讲几种语言。 7. Could I use your bike this afternoon when you don't use it? 8. It could be very cold in winter in some southern cities of China. 2 can/could有哪些用法？ 今天下午你不用自行车时我可以用一下吗？ 中国南方的一些城市冬天里可能会很冷的。 2 can的主要用法有： 1. 表能力，翻译为“能够/会”。 2. 表可能性，翻译为“可能/会”。 3. 表许可，翻译为“可以”，用于否定句，表示不允许，翻译为“不可以/不能”。 4. 表示偶然发生的可能性，翻译为“有时会”。 5. 用于否定句，表推测，翻译为“不可能”。 2
could的主要用法有： 1. can的过去式 could表过去的能力。 2. could 表委婉，礼貌语气，不是真正的过去时态。 3. could表示有可能，但可能性不如“can”大。 翻译下列句子，体会情态动词shall/should的用法 1. I shall go on a holiday with my parents next autumn. 2. (1)You shall do as you see me do.
(2)He shall be punished if he disobeys.
3 shall/should有哪些用法？ 我明年秋季将同父母去度假。 (1)你照我的样子办。 (2)他若不服从就要受到处罚。 3. (1)You shall have my answer tomorrow.
(2)She shall get her share.
4. (1)Shall I get you some coffee, Miss Fleure?
(2)What shall he do next?
3 shall/should有哪些用法？ (1)你明天可以得到我的答复。 (2)她可以得到她的一份。 (1)费勒小姐，我给您来点咖啡好吗？ (2)他下一步干什么呢？ 5. Should I open the window?
6. You shouldn't be sitting in the sun.
7. It's 4：30. They should be in New York by now.
3 shall/should有哪些用法？ 我可以开窗户吗？
你不应该坐在阳光下。 现在是4点半，他们应该到达纽约了。 8. If he should drop in, give him my message.
9. I'm sorry that you should think so badly of me.
10. He said I should call him Doctor Smith instead of Mr. Smith.
3 shall/should有哪些用法？ 他若来访，就将我的消息给他。 你竟把我想得这样坏，我感到遗憾。 他说我应该叫他史密斯博士而不是史密斯先生。 3 shall 的主要用法有： 1．用于第一人称代替will，表将来或意愿； 2．用于第二、三人称，shall表义务； 3．用于第二、三人称，表许诺； 4．用于第一、三人称疑问句，表征询意见。
3 should的主要用法有： 1. 用于第一人称疑问句，表征询意见； 2. 表义务，可用于各种句式，通常指将来；
3. 表推测，暗含很大的可能；
4. 在从句中，表虚拟语气；
5. should也可表惋惜、忧虑、欢乐、惊讶等感情色彩；
6. 在间接引语中，表达shall的过去式。 4 will/would有哪些用法？ 翻译下列句子，体会情态动词will/would的用法 1. We will fight on until final victory is won.
2. Will you help me with my work?
3. Every morning he will have a walk along this river.
我们要一直战斗到胜利为止。 在我工作方面帮助我好吗？ 每天早上他都会沿着河流散步。 4. If you will read this article，you will realize you are wrong.
5. I told him not to go, but he would not listen to me.
6. Would you please take a seat?
4 will/would有哪些用法？ 假如你愿意看这篇文章，你就会认识到你错了。 我要他不要去，但是他不愿听我的意见。 请就座，好吗？ 7. On Sundays he would come to our village and work with us.
8. If you had come earlier, you would have seen him.
4 will/would有哪些用法？ 在大多数星期天，他会到我们村子里来与我们一道干活。 假如你早点来，你就会见到他。表示虚拟。 4 will 的主要用法有： 1．表示意志、意愿； 2．在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示请求或询问对方的意思； 3．表示习惯、经常性、倾向性，有“惯于、总是”等意义； 4．在if，when，until等连词引导的表示时间或条件的从句中要用一般时表将来，但在if 从句中有时为了表示意愿也可用will，有“愿意”的意思。 4 would 的主要用法有：
1. will 的过去式，表示对过去时间的意志、意愿、决心； 2. 表示请求或个人的想法、看法，使语气婉转； 3. 表示过去习惯性的动作，着重动作的重复，有“总是、总会”等意思； 4. 表示虚拟。
翻译下列句子，体会情态动词may/might的用法 1. (1) You may go home now.
(2) — May I borrow your towel?
— Yes，you may./No, you can't(mustn't).
5 may/might有哪些用法？ (1)你现在可以回家。
(2) ——我可以借用你的毛巾吗？
——是的，你可以。/不行，你不可以。/不，你决不能借用我的毛巾。 2. She may come to your birthday party tomorrow.
3. He studies hard in order that he may pass the exam.
4. May you succeed. 5 may/might有哪些用法？ 或许她明天会来参加你的生日宴会。 为了考试及格他学习很用功。 祝你成功。 5. (1)You may well say so.
(2)We may as well start at once. (1)你很有理由这么说。
(2)我们不妨立刻动身吧。 5 may/might有哪些用法？
6. He sold his house in order that he might pay his debt. 为了要还债他把房子卖掉了。
7. — Might I go now?
— Yes，you may./No，you can't(mustn't)． 5 may/might有哪些用法？ ——我现在可以走吗？ ——是的，你可以走。/不，你不能/决不可走。 8. This approach might work and please try it. 这种方法也许奏效，试试吧。 5 may的主要用法如下： 1. may在肯定句中表达许可，在疑问句中用于征求意见。 2. may 在肯定句中表达可能性，即“或许；也许”；may not 表达“也许不……”
3. may在目的状语从句中表达目的。 4. may在May sb.
do sth.句式中表达祝愿。 5. may well do sth. 意为“有理由做某事”，may as well意为“不妨做某事”。 5 might的主要用法如下： 1. may的过去式，表示过去时间下的目的。
2. may的过去式，但并非是实际过去时态，在疑问句中表达更加委婉的请求语气。
3. may的过去式，但并非实际过去时态，表示可能性相对may要小。
翻译下列句子，体会情态动词need/dare的用法 1. (1) I need a dictionary, so I need to go to the bookstore.
(2) How often does your hair need washing?
(3) You don't need to wash your car every day.
6 need/dare有哪些用法？ (1) 我需要一本词典，因此我要去趟书店。
(2)你的头发需要多久洗一次？ (3)你不必每天洗车。 2. (1) It's only eight o'clock. Need you go so early?
(2) You needn't tell him about it as I have told him.
3. (1) I dare to jump down from the top of the wall.
(2) She doesn't dare (to) meet her teacher's eyes.
(1)才8点，你需要去这么早吗？
(2)你不必跟他说那件事，我已经告诉他了。
6 need/dare有哪些用法？ (1)我敢从那墙头上跳下来。
(2)她不敢与老师对视。 4. (1) How dare she do things like that to me?
(2) Most girls daren't catch the mouse.
(3) If you dare say that to our teacher, I would vote for you.
(1)她怎么敢对我做那样的事情？ (2)大多数女孩子不敢捉老鼠。 (3)假如你敢把那件事告诉老师，我就会投你的赞成票。 6 need/dare有哪些用法？