2017届高三广东北师大版英语一轮复习学案：M2 unit 4《Cyberspace》（2）

　　2017届高三广东北师大版英语一轮复习学案：

　　M2 unit 4 Cyberspace（2）

　　8. settle vt.& vi.

　　①定居,殖民

　　After years of travel, we decided to settle here.

　　旅行多年后, 我们决定在此定居。

　　②短暂停留

　　Dust has settled on the furniture.

　　家具上已积满灰尘。

　　③解决问题, 处理争端

　　settle a dispute / an argument / an issue

　　解决争端/争论/问题

　　The two companies settled out of court.

　　两家公司在法院外解决了争端。

　　9. protest vi. 抗议

　　常用搭配为protest against / about / at sth. 抗议,

　　反对(某事物),(对某事)提出异议

　　She protested strongly at being described as ugly.

　　她极力反对别人说她丑。

　　They protested to the mayor that the taxes were

　　too high.

　　他们向市长提出抗议说税款过高。

　　固定短语：protest too much 过犹不及

　　10. average, general与common

　　①average作名词时有“平均、平均数”的意思。

　　The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.

　　这班男生的平均年龄是15岁。

　　常见的用法是an average of…

　　The newspaper receives an average of nearly 100

　　articles a day.

　　那个报社一天平均要收到近100篇来稿。

　　作形容词,意思是“一般的,普通的,中等的,平均

　　的”,所以average person意思就是“普通人、老

　　百姓”。children of average intelligence 智力一

　　般的孩子。

　　on average 平均来讲

　　400 people a year die of this disease on average.

　　平均每年有400人死于这种病。

　　②general指“整体的,总体的”,强调共性,与

　　individual相对。

　　generally speaking 总的来说

　　③common指“共同的”。

　　common sense 常识

　　1.2004-The Day after Tomorrow is a movie about

　　global warming and how it will destroy cities and

　　change the world in the future.

　　2004——《后天》是一部关于全球变暖及其将

　　来如何毁坏城市和改变世界的电影。

　　how it will…in the future为疑问词how引导的宾

　　语从句, 与global warming并列, 作about的宾语。

　　Can you tell me what she is reading？(正)

　　Can you tell me what is she reading？(误)

　　Dick asked Lucy ______________________ .

　　迪克问露西多大年纪了。

　　— Do you remember ___________________ ?

　　— Yes, I do.

　　He came by car.

　　——你还记得他是怎样来的吗？

　　——是的, 我记得他是坐汽车来的。

　　how old she was

　　how he came

　　2. How do you think technology will change our

　　lives？

　　你认为科技对我们的生活会有怎样的影响？

　　在“特殊疑问词 + do you think + 陈述句

　　语序的内容”构成的特殊疑问句中，do you

　　think/know/suppose/expect为插入语，其之前

　　为特殊疑问词how/ what/ when/where等，其后

　　的内容用陈述句语序。

　　你认为我们应该去哪里找这个谋杀者？

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________

　　Where do you think we should go to find the murderer？

　　3. It is+adj.+that+从句

　　“It is+adj.+that+从句”是一个常用句型。经常

　　在这个句型中出现的形容词有necessary, possible,

　　impossible, clear, obvious, certain, hard, difficult,

　　easy, important, strange, natural等,其中形容词是用

　　来描述从句的内容。

　　It’s very important that we teach the children

　　about road safety.

　　把交通安全常识教给孩子们是非常重要的。

　　通过以上的例句,我们不难发现：it在此句

　　中作形式主语, 句子真正的主语是后面的that从

　　句,为什么会出现形式主语呢？那是为了避免句

　　子的头重脚轻。

　　关于it作为形式主语,还有下列常用句型：

　　①It＋be＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.，此句型中的

　　形容词是对to do sth.加以说明,所以此句一般可

　　以改成：To do sth. is＋adj.

　　经常用于此句型中作表语的形容词有：

　　difficult, hard, easy, common, possible, necessary,

　　important等。

　　It is not difficult to work out the problem.

　　=To work out the problem is not difficult.

　　要解决这个问题并不太难。

　　②It＋be＋adj.＋of＋sb.＋to do sth.，此句型的形

　　容词对sb.进行说明,所以该句型可以改为：

　　Sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.

　　常用于此句型中的形容词有good, kind, nice,

　　wise, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, wrong, impolite

　　等描述人物的形容词。

　　It’s very kind of you to lend me your pen.

　　=You are very kind to lend me your pen.

　　你借给我笔真是太好了。

　　③It＋be＋名词词组＋to do sth.，此句型中的名

　　词词组是对to do sth.的判断或说明,所以此句

　　型可改为To do sth. is＋名词词组,常用此句型

　　的名词词组有：a pity, a pleasure, good advice,

　　the custom, good / bad manners等。

　　Before entering a house in some Asian countries,

　　it is good manners to take off your shoes.

　　在某些亚洲国家,进屋子之前脱下鞋子是礼貌的。

　　④It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句,此句型可以改为：

　　Sb.+ be＋过去分词＋to do sth.,常用于此句型

　　的动词有：report, know, say, believe, tell, prove,

　　hope, expect, think等(此句型已在第三单元讲过)。

　　It is known that the Chinese people is a industrious

　　people.

　　众所周知，中华民族是一个勤劳的民族。

　　⑤It＋be＋no＋n.＋doing sth.，用于此句型的名

　　词有good, use, point等。

　　It is no good reading under the sun.

　　在太阳底下读书是没有好处的。

　　⑥It＋动词＋that (as if)从句，用于此句型的动词

　　有look, seem, appear, happen等。

　　It looks as if it will rain before long.

　　看起来一会儿就要下雨了。

　　犯这样一个错误你太愚蠢了。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________

　　据说他在这次英语竞赛中获得了第一名。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________

　　It was foolish of you to make such a mistake. / You were foolish to make such a mistake.

　　It was said that he had won the first prize in the English competition. / He was said to have won the first prize in the English competition.

　　抱怨是没用的。

　　_____________________________________

　　It is no point complaining.

　　4. We would not only be able to travel around the

　　world, but also go to study in any world famous

　　universities we wanted to.

　　我们不仅可以环游世界，而且可以在我们想

　　去的任何一所世界著名学府学习。

　　not only…but (also)…

　　意为“不但……而且……”,常用来连接两个

　　对等的成分。

　　①当它们连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数应

　　与最近的主语一致。

　　Not only you but (also) I am a teacher.

　　不仅你而且我也是一名老师。

　　②当not only…but (also)…连接两个并列分句且

　　not only置于句首时,not only分句常采用部分

　　倒装语序。

　　Not only does he work hard, but he is (also) very

　　clever.

　　他不仅学习刻苦,而且还很聪明。

　　5. But I still find it hard to imagine.

　　但我仍然觉得这很难想象。

　　find it hard (for sb.) to do sth.

　　这是“动词+it+形容词/名词+动词不定式”

　　结构,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的

　　动词不定式短语。其后可接形式宾语it的动词

　　主要有：make, think, believe, find, consider,

　　feel等。

　　I find it very difficult to write letters in Chinese.

　　我发现用汉语写信很困难。

　　在这句话中,句子的形式宾语为it,真正的宾语

　　为to write letters in Chinese,可以理解为：I find

　　to write letters in Chinese very difficult, 由于宾语

　　过长，通常把它放在后面。

　　This made it hard for me to control it.

　　这让我很难控制住它。

　　I consider it a great honor to be invited to a dinner.

　　我认为被邀请参加宴会是很大的荣幸。

　　我发现研究外国文化很有意思。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________

　　他觉得帮助有需要的人是他的责任。

　　_____________________________________

　　I found it very interesting to study foreign culture.

　　He feels it his duty to help the people in need.

　　简单句合并成并列句或复合句

　　有时为了增强意义，使句子更加连贯，结构更加紧凑，语言更加生动，信息更加准确，我们要对简单句进行整合。如果我们把两个或两个以上的简单句由并列连词and, but, or等连在一起，我们就得到并列句。如：

　　Last year I met Kate. We became friends.

　　→Last year I met Kate and we became friends.

　　去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。

　　The future is bright. The road is tortuous.

　　→ The future is bright but the road is tortuous.

　　前途是光明的，但是道路是曲折的。

　　Put on more clothes. You'll catch a cold.

　　→ Put on more clothes or you'll catch a cold.

　　多穿点衣服，否则你会感冒。

　　School is over. All the teachers are still working.

　　→ School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.

　　学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。

　　若在两个或多个简单句之间加上when, after, because, which, who, where, why等从属连词，我们就可以使简单句变成复合句，从而扩展成高级句子。

　　【例1】 The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures. They were at the Great Wall. (改为含状语从句的复合句)

　　→ The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.

　　外国游客在长城上拍了很多照片。

　　【例2】 a. The weather turned out to be very good. It was more than we could expect.(改为含定语从句的复合句)

　　→The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.

　　天气转晴了，这是我们没有想到的。

　　b. The weather turned out to be very good. It was more than we could expect.(改为含名词性从句的复合句)

　　→It was more than we could expect that the weather turned out to be very good.

　　按要求完成句子

　　1. You can have a rest. You can go to the cinema.(合并成一个并列句)

　　_____________________________________________

　　You can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.

　　2. We can send e­mails anywhere at any time. We can get the latest information from the Internet. (合并成一个并列句)

　　__________________________________________________________________________________

　　　 3. You must tell the truth. You will be punished. (合并成一个并列句)

　　___________________________________________

　　We can send e­mails anywhere at any time and we can get the latest information from the Internet.

　　You must tell the truth，or you will be punished.

　　4. She has difficulty in learning English. She works hard. She is making rapid progress. (合并成一个并列句)

　　__________________________________________________________________________________

　　She has difficulty in learning English, but she works hard and is making rapid progress.

　　5. The news encouraged us all greatly. Our women volleyball team had won the championship. (改为含名词性从句的复合句)

　　__________________________________________________________________________________

　　The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.

　　6. A man doesn't learn from others. A man can't achieve much. (改为含定语从句的复合句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　A man who doesn't learn from others can't achieve much.

　　7. The film had begun. We got to the cinema. (改为含状语从句的复合句)

　　___________________________________________

　　The film had begun when we got to the cinema.