2017届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
专题01 冠词
【备考策略】
冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。
一、不定冠词的用法
1.指一类人或事，相当于a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指
A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。
3.表示 “每一”相当于every，one
We study eight hours a day.
4.表示“相同”相当于the same
We are nearly of an age.
5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
—Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
—Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
A. 不填
B. a
C. the
D. one
That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋）
6.用于固定词组中
a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7.用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后
This room is rather a big one.
8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后
She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.
9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前
success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事
a failure 失败的人或事
a shame
带来耻辱的人或事
a pity
可惜或遗憾的事
a must 必需必备的东西
a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识
10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。
In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.
为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。
二、定冠词的用法
1.表示某一类人或物
In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
A. a; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Would you mind opening the door?
4.用于演奏乐器
play the violin, play the guitar
5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
the reach, the living, the wounded
6.表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5）
—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. the; /
7.用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.
8.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前
the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
9.用于表示发明物的单数名词前
The compass was invented in China.
10.在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代
in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)
11.用于表示度量单位的名词前
I hired the car by the hour.
12.用于方位名词，身体部位名词
He patted me on the shoulder.
13.与比较级和最高级连用
①比较级+ and +比较级表示“越来越……” The harder he works, the happier he feels.
②表示两者间“较……的一个”比较级前加the。
Who is the older of the tow boys?
③三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
三、零冠词（即不用冠词）的情况
1.专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前
Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2.名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制
I want this book, not that one. /
Whose purse is this?
3.季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前
March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4.表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前
Lincoln was made President of America.
5.表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前
He likes playing football/chess.
6.与by连用表示交通方式的名词前
We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the
B.不填；the
C. the; 不填
D. 不填；不填
7.以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8.表示泛指的复数名词前
Horses are useful animals.
四、冠词的位置
冠词一般放在名词之前，名词之前若有形容词，冠词放在形容词之前。下列情况例外：
1.不定冠词用于下列副词加形容词之后：as, how, however, so, too等。
如：He is as good a soldier as he was.他和以前一样是个好士兵。
2.不定冠词置于such, what, many, not, too,much of等之后。
如：Many a little pickle makes a nickel.积少成多。
3.定冠词通常放在all, both, double, exactly, just等词之后。
如：I offered him double the amount，but he still refused.
4.不定冠词常用于quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容词修饰时，不定冠词既可放在第二位，也可放在第一位，但最常见的仍是第二位。
如：She is quite a woman.她真是个女人。
It was quite/rather a cold day.很冷的一天(同 It was a quite/rather cold day.)
5.当名词前的比较级被no，all，far，much等修饰时，也要后置。
如：He is no less a man than the President.
6.定冠词要放在half, twice, much等之后。
如：He paid twice the price for it. 他花了两倍的钱买了它。
7.如果名词被副词hardly，scarcely，barely，exactly所修饰，或和一个形容词共同修饰时，冠词要放在上述副词之后、形容词之前。如：This is hardly a right thing to do. 这几乎是不能做的事。
冠词是历年高考的常考点。主要考查冠词在具体语境中的运用，考查内容包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。
考点解析
考点1
考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法
①How about taking_____short break? I want to make_____call.
A. the; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; a
【解析】 答案为D。take a short break“休息一会儿”， make a call“打一个电话”。
②Christmas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. a; the
【解析】 答案为D。a special holiday指“某一个特别的节日”；the whole family为特指。
考点2
考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法
①I looked under_____bed and found books I lost last week.
A. the; a
B. the；the
C. 不填；the
D. the; 不填
【解析】 答案为B。此题中的the bed和the books都为特指。the bed 指“所看的床”；the books指“所丢的书”。
②I like_____color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.
A. a; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
【解析】 答案为C。 the color指“你衬衫的颜色”；a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。
考点3
考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配
①George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was
Sunday because everybody was at
church.
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D. /; a
【解析】 答案为C。a Sunday泛指某一个星期天；at church为固定搭配，不用冠词，意为“在做礼拜”。
②Many people have come to realize that they should go on_____balanced diet and makeroom in their day for exercise.
A. a; /
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. /; a
【解析】 答案为A。a balanced diet泛指“一种平衡的饮食”；make room为固定搭配，意为“腾出空间”。
考点4 考查不定冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法
①Many people have come to realize that they should go on
balanced diet and make
room in their day for exercise.
A.a;不填
B.the; a
C.the; the
D.不填; a
【解析】答案为A。分析句子可知，第一个空用“a”表示“一种”，某些不可数的抽象名词前用不定冠词表示某种具体的情况或概念。第二个空不用冠词，make room意为“腾出空间（时间）”为固定短语。
②—How about _____Christmas evening party?
—I should say it was _____success.
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. a; 不填
D. the; 不填
考点5 考查在名词前用不用冠词意义的不同
①We went right round to the west coast by
sea instead of driving across
continent.
A. the; the
B.不填;the
C. the; 不填
D.不填;不填
【解析】答案为B。 by sea意为“经海路”；by the sea意为“在海边”；表示大陆、大洋等的名词前通常要加定冠词。
②George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was
Sunday because
everybody was at
church.
A./; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D./; a
【解析】答案为C。不定冠词用于表示星期的名词前，泛指“某个星期几”；at church表示“做礼拜”，
at the church表示“在教堂”。故本题选C。
类似的词组：
by day在白天
by the day按天计算
in case of以防
in the case of就……来说
in charge of负责，管理
in the charge of由……负责
in office执政
in the office在办公室
in sight(of)看见
in the sight(of)在……看来
go to sea去当水手
go to the sea到海边去
out of question毫无疑问
out of the question不可能
take advice征求意见
take the advice听从劝告
be of age成年
be of all age同龄
go to church去做礼拜
go to the church去教堂
in prison坐牢
in the prison在监狱
特别提示：当地点名词表示地点时，其前用定冠词；表示在这一地点所发生的活动时，其前不加冠词。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.他睡觉前到床边给我拿了本杂志。
五年高考
A组
2017年全国高考题组
1.【2017浙江卷】. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a
1.【答案】C
【解析】第一空process是可数名词，第一次出现一般用不定冠词，且此次表示“一个”的概念；第二空existence是不可数名词，其此处表示抽象概念，故用零冠词。
2.【2017全国II】He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get _____ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. a; /
【答案】C 【解析】此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”，故用定冠词the；第二空意为：再得到一次机会，泛指“一次机会”。句意：他在跳高中失去了金牌，但他在跳远中将得到一次机会。
3. 【2017安徽卷 21】. Carl is studying
food science at college and hopes to open up
meat
processing factory of his own one day.
A.
/ ； a
B. / ；the
C. the ; a
D. the ; the
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查冠词，science是不可数名词，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一个可数名词，用a 表示泛指。
4.【2017辽宁卷
21 】.
I woke up with
bad headache, yet by
evening the pain had gone.
A.
the; the
B.
the; an
C.
a; the
D.
a; an
【答案】C
【解析】第一空表示泛指；第二空为固定用法，用定冠词the，故选C项
5.【2017山东卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. a; 不填
D. 不填；a
【答案】B
【解析】此处考查抽象名词具体化。第一空中的a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。
6.【2017重庆卷24】.Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.
A. /,/
B. the,/
C the the
D./, the
6. 【答案】D
【解析】句意：Sam被任命为工程部经理取代了George。表示官衔职务的名词作补语和同位语时，前不加冠词。在题干中，“manager”表示职务，作主语补足语，不需要加冠词，而第二个空白处为固定短语“take the place of”，是“代替，取代”之意。因此，正确答案为D选项。
【知识拓展】不使用冠词的情况：在节日名称、星期、月份、季节前；一日三餐、球类棋类等运动的名称前；系动词turn（变成）后的单数名词作表语用零冠词；人名、地名、机构等专有名词前；与by连用表示交通方式的名词前；以and连接的两个相对的名词连用时；名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等词作定语；复数名词表示一类人或事物时；在某些
7.【2017江西卷 21】The Smiths don’t usually stay at
hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.
A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a
7.答案：C考点：考察冠词
解析：hotel为复数，前不会用定冠词the来修饰；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠词
8. 【2017全国新课程22. 】Sarah looked at
finished painting with
satisfaction.
A.不填；a
B. a; the
C. the; 不填
D. the; a
B组
2008-2011年全国高考题组
1. 【2011浙江卷,2】Experts think that
__________recently discovered painting may be ________
Picsso.
A.the ;不填
B. a ;the
C. a ; 不填
D. the; a
【答案】D
【考点】考查冠词在语境中的用法。
【解析】句意为“专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。”the painting特指最近发现的油画；a Picsso意为a Picsso’s painting，指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。因此选D。
2. （2011全国卷,33）It is generally accepted that
boy must learn to stand up and fight like
man.
A.a; a
B.a; the
C.the; the
D.a; 不填
【答案】A
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。”a boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。因此选A。
3.（2011全国卷II,16）As he reached
front door, Jack saw
strange sight.
A. the;不填
B. a; the
C.不填a
D. the; a
【答案】D
【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。
【解析】句意为“当Jack走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。”the front door是特指Jack所走过去的门，a strange sight是泛指，相当于a certain sight,起初次介绍的作用。因此选D。
3.（2011山东卷,21）Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.
A.不填；the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D.不填；a
【答案】B
【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。
【解析】句意为“别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”a short distance短距离，是固定搭配的短语；the restaurant指双方都知道的餐馆，故用the特指。选B。
4.【2011四川卷,18】Dr.Peter Spence,
headmaster of the school, told us, “
fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
A. 不填；A
B.不填；The
C.the; The
D.a; A
【答案】A
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】句意为“校长Peter Spence告诉我们说，我校的五分
5.（10浙江）Many lifestyle patterns do such
great harm to health that they actually speed up
weakening of the human body.
A. a; /
B. /; the
C. a; the
D. /; /
【答案】B
【考点】本题考查冠词。
【解析】句意：许多生活方式对人类的健康有害, 他们加速了人类身体的衰退。本题考查冠词, 对……有害用短语 “do harm to”表示, 中间无需冠词；之后的weakening是由动词的ing形式表示抽象的名词, 表达一种概念、状况时需要加上the。
6.(10山东)f we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.
A. 不填； the
B. 不填；a
C. the; a
D. the；the
【答案】C
【考点】本题考查冠词在具体语境中的使用。
【解析】句意应为 “如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部, 就会有更好的视野”表示 “某空间内部的前部”时, front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配, 表示 “视野开阔, 视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。
7.(10江苏)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.
A.不填； a
B. 不填；the
C. the； a
D. the； the
【答案】A.
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏
8.(09浙江)I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.
A. the; a
B. 不填; the
C. the; 不填
D. a; the
【答案】D
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】前空构成短语get a+adj+idea of sth, 泛指一种大体的想法, 后空指双方都知道的那个project计划。
9.(09四川)In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study ________ second foreign language. 21世纪教育网
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. the; the
D. a; the 21世纪教育网
【答案】B
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】该题的意思是：为了找到一个更好的工作, 他决定再学习另外一门外语。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a +序数词+名词表示又一, 再一。 21世纪教育
10.(08浙江)______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the
B. The; the
C. An; 不填
D. The; 不填
【答案】A
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】第一个空指一个苹果, 是泛指；第二个空考查hit sb. in/on the+部位, 表示 “击打某人的某个部位”。
11.(08山东)Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. 不填；a
B. 不填; the
C. the; the
D. the; a
【答案】D
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】the Internet因特网, 为固定搭配；as a resource “作为一种资源”, 此处用a表示泛指。
12.(08江西)--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and ____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. /; /
D. /; a
【答案】B
【考点】考查冠词的用法。
【解析】句意为：——开会来晚了我非常抱歉。——这不是你的错, 这正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨, 难怪你来晚了。第一个空特指高峰时间拥挤的交通；第二个空特指双方所指的大雨。
三年模拟
A组
2017年全国高考模拟题组
1.（杭州市西湖高级中学2017届高三3月月考 1）The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have _____ third one because _____ second one is rather too small.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. the; a
2.（浙江省六校联盟2017届高三第一次联考2 ） As the world faces ______ “cooling market”, Premier Wen Jiabao calls for ______confidence in economic growth during the New Year holiday.
A. the; a B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; the
3.（温州市2017届高三第一次适应性测试 1）—Riding along the Qujiang River banks could be
great fun.
—Sound like
pretty good idea.
A．a…/ B．a…a C．/…/ D．/…a
4.（宁波市八校2017届高三下学期期初测试 1）Nicknames are interesting. If ______ man were unusually strong, he might adopt _____name such as Armstrong.
A. a; the
B. a; a
C. a; 不填
D. the; a
5.（台州中学2017届高三下学期第一次统练 2）Yang Jia, ____ English professor at____ Chinese Academy of Science meets ____ challenges brought by the sudden loss of her eyesight and continues to make it in her work.
A. an; the; /
B. the; /; the
C. the; /; /
D. an; the; the
6.（金华一中2017届高三上学期期中考试
1）—What
book!
—It’s wonderful indeed. I’ve never read
more exciting one.
A．a; the B．the; 不填 C．a; a D．the; a
7.（杭州市萧山九中2017届高三上学期期中考试 2）_______ young girl reminded me of my youth gone. I’m now ______ has-been that can tell what to do or not to do.
A. The;a
B. A; the
C. A; a
D. The;不填
8.（绍兴一中2017届高三上学期期中考试
1）When a giraffe has ______ drink, it has to stand with its front legs wide apart in order to reach ______ water easily. A. 不填；不填 B. a; the
C. the; 不填
D. 不填；the
9.（衢州一中2017届高三上学期期中考试
2）The biggest whale is _______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _______ 9-story building.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. a; the
10.( 浙江省十二校新高考研究联盟2017届第一次联考 2) ________ M(m) oney plays an important role in ________ material world. But you can’t expect it to give you real happiness.
A. A; the
B. 不填; a
C. 不填; the
D. The; the
11.( 杭州市新安江中学2017届高三12月月考 1) As is known to all,______ People’s Republic of China is _______ biggest developing country in the world.
A. the ;不填
B. 不填 ；the
C. the ；the
D. 不填；不填
12.( 宁波市2017届高三“十校联考” 2) In January, 2011, ____ leader of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Jintao was warmly received by Barak Obama, who was elected ____ president of the US two years ago.
A. /; /
B. the; /
C. the; the
D. /; the
B组
2010-2011年全国高考模拟题组
1.( 绍兴市2011届高三教学质量测试 2) --- How did you enjoy
concert last night?
--- What a disappointment! My favourite singer lost her voice and didn’t even make
appearance.
A．a; an B．the; / C．the; an D．the; the
2.( 浙江省杭州二中2011届高三5月模拟 1) --- What do you think of the new manager of your department?
--- Oh, he is ________ manager who’s pleasant to work with. I mean, it is ______ pleasure to work with him.
A. the;
B. a; a
C. a; the
D. ; a
3.( 嘉兴一中2011届高三高考模拟试题 11) Failure to face up to painful experience can be ______ form of stress itself, and can increase
______ possibility of illness.
A. the; /
B. a; a
C. a; the
D. /; the
4.( 金华一中、慈溪中学、学军中学三校2011年高三联考 1) What ______ lovely surprise it was for the students to get ______ precious present individually when their class teacher, John, came back from the ceremony!
A. 不填；a
B. 不填；不填
C. the; the
D. a; a
5.( 温州市2011届高三上学期五校联考 21) I was told that
10:15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reach
Fudan University．
A．the; /
B．the; a
C．a; the
D．/; the
6.( 杭州师范大学附属中学2011届高三上学期第一次月考 2) ---What do you remember Alexander Graham Bell as?
--- ______ inventor of ______ telephone.
A. an; /
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. /; the
7.( 浙江省五校2011届高三第一次联考 1) The significance of 2010 Expo Shanghai lies in the opportunities it has provided for visitors to consider what would make for ______ better city and what should be ______ yardstick to improve city life．
A．a, the B．the, a C．a, / D．the, /
8.( 杭州十四中2010届高三9月月考试卷 1) Many people have come to realize that they should go on
_ balanced diet and make
____ room in their day for exercise.
A. a;/
B. the; a
C. the; the
D./;a
9.( 温州中学2010届高三第一学期第一次月考 15) The film Harry Potter was quite ______ hit across the world, bringing in ______ income of box office over millions of dollars within five months.
A. /; an
B. a; /
C. a; an
D. a; the
10.( 杭州高级中学2010届高三上学期第一次月考 2) ______ two pandas from Chinese mainland has become ______ hot topic in Taiwan.
A. The, a B. A, a C. /, the
D. The, /