(2) Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ________
it without you.
A．can manage
B．could have managed
C．could manage
D．can have managed
[答案] (1)—(2) CB
第16讲 │ 句型透视
第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I used to hate being t_____
about my red hair when I was at school. 2．Whenever there was a full moon he would start _________ (表现) in a strange manner. 3．He __________ (指导) family members in nursing techniques. 4.
______(最初的) reports say that seven people have died, though this has not yet been confirmed. eased
behaving instructed Initial 5．The statement was carefully _________
(润色) and checked before release. 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
polished Ⅱ.选词填空
hold out， trip over， have affection for， make fun of， ,take on， burst in， drive away， come up with， glare at，,make room for 1．The scientists are beating their brains trying to _____________ a solution to the problem. 2．It’s cruel to ___________ people who are disabled. 3．He ___________ a brick. 4．He is unwilling to ________ heavy responsibilities. 5．They stood there, _________ each other. 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
come up with make fun of tripped over take on glaring at 6．The store is selling off their old television sets to ________ for the latest models. 7．How long will our food supplies_________? 8．“I don’t see why I must not go，” he _______ angrily. 9．I _______________ my hometown where I was brought up and educated. 10．How can I _________ these feelings of sadness? 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
make room hold out burst in have affection for drive away Ⅲ.单项填空 1.
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________
he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A．although B．unless
C．because
D．if
[解析] C 考查从属连词。空格前后两个句子在逻辑意义上存在因果关系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。although引导让步状语从句，unless和if引导条件状语从句。句意为：这位老人叫露西挪到另一把椅子上，因为他想跟他妻子挨着坐。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
2．The dance performed by the disabled actors is really a hit, but years ago no one ________
they were to achieve such great success.
A．must have imagined
B．could have imagined
C．should have imagined
D．can have imagined
[解析] B 考查情态动词。由句中的years ago可知这里是对过去发生事情的推测，因此应用could have imagined。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
3．All Chinese watching TV ________
cheers when they heard the news that China would build space station soon.
A．broke out
B．burst into
C．burst in
D．burst out
[解析] B 句意为：当听到中国要建太空站的消息时，所有正在看电视的中国人都突然欢呼起来。burst into突然……起来(后跟名词)；break out爆发，发生；burst in闯入；burst out突然……起来(后跟动名词)，即burst into sth.＝ burst out doing sth.表示“突然进入某种状态”。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
4．As is known to all, Charlie Chaplin is a famous ________
master of actor, giving people a lot of fun.
A．strange
B．annoyed
C．humorous
D．interested
[解析] C strange
意为“奇怪的”；annoyed意为“恼怒的”；humorous意为“幽默的”；interested意为“感兴趣的”。根据句意，C是最佳选项。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
5．—What about her to what he said?
—She ________
to the annoying words by turning her back on him.
A．answered
B．replied
C．reflected
D．reacted
[解析] D answer意为“回答”；reply意为“答复”；reflect意为“反射”；react意为“回应”。根据句意，D是最佳选项。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
6．—What a pity! The tickets for the football match have been sold out.
—Don’t worry. You can watch ________
on TV.
A．the game alive
B．the living game
C．the live game
D．the game living
[解析] C 考查形容词的用法。当alive用作定语时，一般放在所修饰的名词之后，意为“活着的，存在的，在世的”；living作定语表示“尚在人间，健在的”，因此alive与living都不适合。而the live game意思是“直播的比赛”。句意为：“真遗憾！足球赛的票卖光了。”“别担心。你可以在电视上看现场直播。”因此答案为C。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
7．Since Liu Qian，a famous Taiwan magician，performed on CCTV，magic once again has ________
all over China.
A．taken on
B．taken down
C．taken off
D．taken out
[解析] C 考查动词词组辨析。句意为：自从台湾的著名魔术师刘谦在中央电视台表演后，魔术再次风靡全中国。此处take off表示“突然大受欢迎，迅速流行”。take on表示“呈现，雇用，承担”，take down表示“记下，拆掉”，take out表示“取出，发出，发泄”，都不符合语境。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
8．At the beginning of the class, the teacher asked the students to recite the poem taught in the last lesson before
they ________
their textbooks.
A．held up
B．held out
C．held on
D．held down
[解析] B 句意为：刚开始上课时，在学生拿出课本之前老师要求学生背诵上节课所教的诗歌。其中hold out “拿出”符合题意。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
9．—What were you doing when I phoned you last night?
—I ________
my painting and was starting to take a bath.
A．have already finished
B．was finishing
C．had just finished
D．was going to finish
[解析] C 考查动词时态。由“我要洗澡”可知昨天你打电话时“我刚刚画完画”，“画完画”在“接电话”之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。 第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
10．You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must ________
you, I suppose.
A．agree with
B．agree to
C．agree on
D．agree about
[解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。agree with同意，赞成；与……相适应；agree to同意，赞成(观点，看法等)；agree on就……达成协议。句意为：你看上去很好。我认为三亚的空气和海鲜肯定很适合你。
第16讲 │ 跟踪训练
The soldiers lived on wild plants.
那些士兵靠吃野菜为生。 The whole family lived on the earnings of the two sisters.
全家靠两姐妹挣的钱过日子。 Writers live by their pens while fishermen live by fishing. 作家靠写作谋生而渔夫以捕鱼为生。 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 (1) Nearly all the football matches of 2008 World Cup were televised ________.
A．live
B．actively
C．alive
D．lively
[答案] A (2) After digging for several days, they found the trapped students still
________ .
A．alive
B．living
C．live
D．lively
[答案] A 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
7 guarantee n．保证；商品保证；保证书；担保品，抵押品 vt.保证；担保；保障
(1) guarantee corporation担保公司
guarantee money
保证金
______ guarantee
在保修期内
(2) guarantee thatclause
保证……；担保……
guarantee sb.sth.
保证某人某事
guarantee sb. _______ sth.
保证某人免受
损失(或伤害等) 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
under against 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 我向你保证按时完成工作。
You have ____________ that I’ll finish the job on time.
(2) 我包你玩得痛快。
I _________ that you’ll enjoy yourself.
(3) 这种保险契约保障我们免受任何损失。
The policy ___________________ all loss. 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
my guarantee guarantee guarantees us against 2．单项填空
Buying a train ticket two days ahead of time will usually
________
you a good seat.
A．provide
B．gather
C．guarantee
D．make
[答案] C 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
1 stand up for支持，维护，坚持，拥护， 捍卫
stand (doing) sth.忍受(做)某事
stand ___
代表，象征
stand ______
反对(某人)
stand in one’s way
挡道
stand ____
袖手旁观
stand ____ sb.
支持
stand ____
出众，显眼
stand out as
是一个杰出的……
stand up to
经受， 经得住， 抵抗 第16讲 │ 短语储存
短语储存 for against by by out 【活学活用】 1．用上面短语的适当形式填空
(1) The American flag _________ freedom and justice.
(2) They ____________ us, because we ________ their
way.
(3) How can you _________ and let him treat his dog like
that?
(4) His height makes him _________ in the crowd.
(5) Will this car ___________ winter conditions here? 第16讲 │ 短语储存
stands for stand against stand in stand by stand out stand up to 2．单项填空
—What do you think of this dress, Jane?
—It’s so beautiful that it will make you
________
in a crowd!
A．call out B．reach out
C．stand out
D．work out
[解析] C A项意为“大声叫唤”，B项意为“伸出”，C项意为“突出”，D项意为“锻炼，计算出，制订”。答语句意为：漂亮的衣服会让你在人群中显得突出。 第16讲 │ 短语储存
2 burst in 闯进；突然闯入；打断；突然出现或开始
burst _____ anger
勃然大怒
burst out
大呼，惊叫；冲出；突然发作
burst ___
破裂，爆炸；(使)垮台，(使)
失败，(使)破产
burst ____ tears/laughter＝burst ____ crying/laughing
突然大哭/大笑起来
burst open
推开，忽然打开； 裂开
burst through
冲开，冲破； 拨开
___
one burst
一阵； 一口气； 一举； 一下
第16讲 │ 短语储存
with up into out at 【活学活用】
(1) 气球爆炸了。
The balloon ______ .
(2) 下了十天雨后河堤决口了。
After ten days of rain the river ______ its banks.
歌声结束之后响起了一阵掌声。
_________ handclapping followed the ending of the song.
(4) 当大卫表演完那段插曲时，全班同学都捧腹大笑。
All the classmates __________________________________ when David acted out the episode.
第16讲 │ 短语储存
burst burst A burst of burst into laughter/burst out laughing (5) 警察突然闯进房门逮捕了那帮人。
The police ______ through the door and arrested the gang.
(6) 1833年年底， 他的生意再次破产。接下来，他花了十六年时间才把债还清。
At the end of 1833, his business ________ again. Then he spent almost 16 years repaying the debt. 第16讲 │ 短语储存
burst in burst up 3 hold out 递出；拿出；伸出；坚持；维持
hold up 抬起；阻碍；举出；支撑
hold _____
阻挡；隐瞒；控制
hold ____
不挂断(电话)，等一下；挺住
hold to
坚持(方向，原则)
hold off
延迟
hold the view that
持有……见解 第16讲 │ 短语储存
back on 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 一场事故造成了交通阻塞。
An accident is __________ traffic.
(2) 我们可以在这里一直待到我们的贮备品用完为止。
We can stay here for as long as our supplies ________ .
(3) 谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进。
No one can _________ the wheel of history.
(4) 他们将延至星期一再作决定。
They will ________ their decision until Monday. 第16讲 │ 短语储存
holding up hold out hold back hold off
(5) 我总是坚持这一信念：人们得到的越多，要求的也就越 多。
I’ve always _______ the belief that the more people
have, the more they want. 2．单项填空
—Why was the road crowded?
—The traffic was
________
by a car accident.
A．held back
B．held out C．held on D．held off
[解析] A A项意为“阻止、阻碍”；B项意为“坚持、伸出、抱有希望”；C项意为“不挂断电话”；D项意为“延迟”。答语意为：交通因事故受阻。 第16讲 │ 短语储存
held to 4 follow in the footsteps of 走……的道路，照……的样子做
follow in one’s footsteps
走……的道路，照……的样子做
follow one’s nose
凭直觉，凭本能做事 第16讲 │ 短语储存
【活学活用】
(1) 你父亲的心愿是要你继承他的事业。
It is your father’s will that you ____________________ . (2) 他决心走他叔父的道路，成为真正的革命者。
He was determined to ______________________________ and became
a true revolutionary. (3) 我不知道要到什么地方去，我只想随便逛逛，随便瞧瞧。
I don’t know just where I want to go. I’ll just _____________ and see what happens.
第16讲 │ 短语储存
follow in his footsteps follow in the footsteps of his uncle follow my nose 1 Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest？ 你认为上面哪件事最有趣？ 【句型解读】 该句中的do you think为插入语，它应该放在特殊疑问词之 后，do you think之后的宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 Who do you think you are?
你以为你是谁？ What do you think has happened to him?
你认为他发生了什么事？ 第16讲 │ 句型透视
句型透视 Where do you think he has gone?
你认为他去了哪里？ What do you think led to his killing himself?
你觉得是什么导致他自杀的？ 【相关拓展】 类似用法的动词还有suppose，expect，guess，hope等。 Why do you suppose he has resigned?
你认为他为什么辞职了？ This is Mr Smith, who I guess has something interesting to tell you.
这是史密斯先生，我想，他有有趣的事要告诉你。 第16讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 Mum is coming.What present
________
for your birthday?
A．you expect she has got B．you expect has she got C．do you expect she has got D．do you expect has she got
[解析] C do you expect是插入语，它后面的宾语从句应用陈述句语序。 第16讲 │ 句型透视
2 He says it is because when he started practicing standup as a child, he told himself jokes while standing in front of the mirror, brushing his teeth！他说这是因为他小时候开始练习单口喜剧的时候，总是站在镜子前面边刷牙边对自己讲笑话！ 【句型解读】 本句中because是从属连词，引导一个状语从句，表示原因。 第16讲 │ 句型透视
【易混辨析】
because，since，as与for (1) because是从属连词，语气最强，表示直接原因，回答why提问的句子，放在主句前后都可以。
Because she wants to study abroad, she is studying English hard.
因为她想去国外留学，所以她正在很努力地学习英语。 (2) as与since也是从属连词，表示众所周知或明显的原因。since 比as更加正式，而as常用在口语中。一般位于主句前，有时也可位于主句后。 第16讲 │ 句型透视
Since/As all of you know the answer, there’s no need for me to explain it again.
既然大家都知道答案，那我就没必要再解释了。
(3) for引导的句子往往是对前面句子理由的解释或补充说明，前后事实上并无因果关系，不能位于主句前。
Mother will come back soon, for it is getting dark.
天快黑了，妈妈一会儿就会回来的。 第16讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 (1) —Did you return Fred’s call?
—I didn’t need to ________
I’ll see him tomorrow.
A．though
B．unless
C．when
D．because (2) Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ________
this was a memory she especially treasured.
A．as
B．if
C．when
D．where 第16讲 │ 句型透视
(3) He found it increasingly difficult to read, ________
his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A．though
B．for
C．but
D．so
[答案] (1)—(3) DAB 第16讲 │ 句型透视
3 No. I must have forgotten to tell you. 不，我一定是忘记告诉你了。 【句型解读】 该句中用了“must＋have＋done”结构，表示对过去事情的肯定 推测，表示“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
You must have been mad to speak to the servant.
你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
第16讲 │ 句型透视
【相关拓展】 (1) “can’t＋have＋done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。
Mr Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
Mary can’t have stolen your money. She has gone home.
玛丽不可能偷你的钱。她回家去了。
(2) “can＋have＋done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？” 第16讲 │ 句型透视
There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?
屋里灯没亮着。他们可能出去了吗？
There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?
到处都找不到他们。他们可能会到什么地方去了呢？ (3) “could ＋ have ＋ done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来能够做某事而没有做”。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
他本来能够通过考试，但是他太粗心了。
第16讲 │ 句型透视
(4) “may＋have＋done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。
—What has happened to George?
乔治发生了什么事？
—I don’t know. He may have got lost.
我不知道。他可能迷路了。 (5) “might＋have＋done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小，多用于虚拟语气结构中。
He might have given you more help, even though he was busy.
他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。
第16讲 │ 句型透视
She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.
如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得了更大的成绩。
(6) “would＋have＋done”为虚拟语气形式，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。
I would have told you all about the boy’s story, but you didn’t ask me.
我本来会告诉你关于这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。
Without your help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much.
没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成就的。
第16讲 │ 句型透视
(7) “should＋have＋done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”而“shouldn’t ＋ have ＋ done”表示“本来不应该做某事，而实际做了”，含有指责对方或自责的含意。
Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.
汤姆，你太懒了。这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。
Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn’t have been so harsh on him.
看，汤姆哭了。我本来不应该对他如此严厉的。
(8) “ought to＋have＋done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾，与“should＋have＋done”用法基本一样。
第16讲 │ 句型透视
I ought to have gone home last Sunday.
我理应上周日回家的。
You ought not to have given him more help.
你不应该帮助他那么多。
(9) “need＋have＋done”表示“本来需要做某事而没有做”。“needn’t＋have＋done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。
I needn’t have bought so much wine—only five people came.
我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。
He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldn’t have missed the train.
他本来需要快点去车站。那样的话，他就不会误了火车。 第16讲 │ 句型透视
【活学活用】 1．根据汉语完成句子
你不该把这件事告诉他的。
_____________________ him about it. 2．单项填空
(1) —She looks very happy. She ________
have passed the
exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A．should
B．could
C．must
D．might 第16讲 │ 句型透视
You
shouldn’t have told 第16讲
Unit 1 Laughter is good for you 第16讲 Unit 1 Laughter is good for you 第16讲 │ 美文欣赏 美文欣赏 在繁重的课业负担之下，中学生也应该学会适度地自我放松，请你围绕“Ways to get relaxed”这一话题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文： 1．自我放松的途径：看电视、体育锻炼、上网等； 2．我更喜欢的途径及理由：…… 注意：在表达“我更喜欢的途径及理由”时，请从要点1中选择一项进行阐述。 词数：100—120，文章开头已给出(不计入总词数)。 Ways to get relaxed There are various ways to get relaxed for middle school students. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第16讲 │ 美文欣赏 【精彩美文】 Ways to get relaxed There are various ways to get relaxed for middle school students. One way is to take exercise, walking, running, playing basketball or football, etc. We can also watch TV, where we are able to enjoy
varieties
of colorful programs both in Chinese and English as well.
Moreover , we can surf the Internet to get some relaxation and entertainment. 第16讲 │ 美文欣赏 As far as I'm concerned/As for me, surfing the Internet appeals to me most. For one thing, the Internet offers a wide range of activities for relaxation. In general, I keep track of the latest news as an enjoyment. Sometimes, I play computer games to refresh myself. For another, the Internet makes it easy for me to make friends with people at home and abroad, for it is a great joy to communicate with them. In addition, having a glimpse of the vivid pictures and live videos on the Internet contributes to regaining my energy. 第16讲 │ 美文欣赏 【全品点睛】 ①行文逻辑：综述放松途径→自己更喜欢的途径→阐述理由。较好地使用了连接词语，如：also，moreover，as far as I'm concerned/as for me，for one thing…for another，in general，in addition等。 ②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：as well, appeal to，a wide range of，keep track of，have a glimpse of, vivid，contribute to等。 第16讲 │ 美文欣赏 ③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：定语从句：…where we are able to enjoy varieties of colorful programs both in Chinese and English as well；for引导的是并列句，两个分句中分别使用了不定式结构：…the Internet makes it easy for me to make friends with people at home and
abroad, for it is a great joy to communicate with them.
第16讲 │ 美文欣赏 基础梳理 Ⅰ.单词荟萃 1．variety
n．(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→ _______ adj.不同的， 多方面的， 各种的→ ____ vi.改变， 使多样化， 变更； 变化 → _______ adj.不同的， 各式各样的 2．affection
n．喜爱，钟爱→ ________ adj.感情的； 表达感情的； 由感情引起的 3．perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转→ ____________ n．表演，演出；表现，业绩→ __________ n．演员，表演者 第16讲 │ 基础梳理 various vary varied affective performance performer 4.
______
vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→ ________ adj.逗人笑的；使人愉快的→ _______ adj.觉得好笑的 → __________ n．可笑；愉快 5.
__________ vt.& vi.增强；巩固→_______ n．力气， 强度， 力量， 长处→ ______ adj.强壮的， 强健的； 强劲的； 强大的； 坚强的→ ________ adv.强有力地， 坚强地， 激烈地， 气味浓地 6.
_________ vi.参加，参与→ ___________ n．参加， 参与→ ___________ n．参加者，参与者 第16讲 │ 基础梳理 amuse
amusing
amused
amusement strengthen strength strong strongly participate participation participator 7.
_______ vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知→ __________ n．指示； 教育； 用法说明→_________
n．教师， 指导书， 讲师 8.
_______ vt.& vi.表现→ ________ n．行为，举止 第16讲 │ 基础梳理 instruct instruction
instructor
behave behavior Ⅱ.短语检测 1．支持，维护
2．绊倒
3．拿某人开玩笑；
取笑，嘲弄 4．喜爱，钟爱
5．想出；拿出
6．去世，亡故
7．赶走；驱赶
8．接纳
9．为……腾出地方
第16讲 │ 基础梳理 stand up for
trip over
make fun of/make jokes about sb.
have affection for
come up with
pass away
drive away
take on
make room for
10．闯进；突然闯入
11．对……怒目而视
12．递出；拿出；伸出
13．走……的道路
14．电视现场直播
第16讲 │ 基础梳理 burst in
glare at
hold out
follow in the footsteps of sb.
be broadcast live on TV Ⅲ.佳句再现 1．不管是什么原因，研究最后表明，英语格言“笑是最好的药”毕竟可能是真的。
________ the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying, “Laughter is the best medicine”， may be true ________ . 2．一旦他们提高这些技巧，他的一些学生便会继续走下去直到自己成为非常出名的人。
_____ they have polished the skills, some of his students ______ to become quite wellknown themselves. 第16讲 │ 基础梳理 Whatever after all Once go on 3．单口喜剧演员可能就某一观众开玩笑，或是根据观众的反应讲不同的笑话。
A standup comedian may _____ an audience member, or might decide to tell different jokes _______________ how the audience __________ his or her previous jokes. 4．这种幽默听起来可能有点刻薄，但通常只有当喜剧演员和观众都喜欢或者崇拜这个被取笑的对象时，这种幽默才奏效。
______ this kind of humour may sound cruel, it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience
_______________ or admire the person ________________ . 第16讲 │ 基础梳理 tease depending upon reacted to While have affection for being made fun of 5．他希望可以效仿鲍勃·霍普和乔治·伯恩斯等单口喜剧演员，这两位著名演员都活到了一百岁，并且一直工作到他们的生命结束。
He hopes to _____________________ other famous comedians, such as Bob Hope and George Burns, who lived to be 100 years old and kept working until the end of their lives. 6．克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思维非常敏捷，常常能就身边的人或事即兴编排笑话。
One reason Crystal has become so famous is ____________
_____________, and is often able to _____________ new jokes about the people and things around him.
第16讲 │ 基础梳理 follow in the footsteps of that he is very quick thinking come up with 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
单词点睛 1 variety n．(a different type of something)(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式
(1) a variety of＝various＝all kinds of
各种各样的
(2) vary ____
随着……而变化
vary from
不同于
vary __
在……方面变化；
在……方面有差异
vary one’s teaching method
改变教学方法 with in 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) She ______ her dress as fashion changes.
她的衣着随着潮流而变化。
(2) The prices of some vegetables ________ the season.
某些蔬菜的价格随季节而变化。
(3) That sort of thing _________________________ .
那种事因人而异。
(4) People __________ ; some love music, some enjoy taking
pictures, and still others are fond of climbing mountains.
每个人嗜好不同，有人喜欢音乐，有人喜欢摄影，还有 些人喜欢爬山。 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
varied vary with varies from person to person vary in taste 2．单项填空
There are
________
electronic devices in our store for everyone to choose.
A．a great deal of B．a variety of
C．a kind of
D．a great many of
[解析] B 此句意为“我们商店有各种各样的电子设备可供人们选择”。a great deal of意为“大量的”，修饰不可数名词；a variety of相当于all kinds of，意为“各种各样的”；a kind of意为“一种”；a great many相当于a great number of，意为“很多的”，修饰可数名词，而a great many of为不存在选项。 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
2 amuse vt.(to make someone laugh or smile) 逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐
(1) amusing
adj.
令人感到愉快的
amused
adj.
感到愉快的
amusement
n.
愉快，乐趣；娱乐，
消遣，娱乐活动
(2) be amused
____________ 以……为乐；
觉得 ……有趣(好笑)
be amused to do...
很高兴做……
keep sb. amused
使某人高兴
(3) amuse oneself ____
以……自娱 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
at / by / with with 【易混辨析】
enjoy，amuse与entertain enjoy 是“享用，享受”的意思，enjoy主语一般为人，搭配为：
sb. enjoy sth./oneself。 (2) amuse 是“使……开心，解闷”的意思，amuse主语可以是人，也可以是物。
Let me amuse you to keep you awake and then you’ll be all right.
让我给你解解闷，使你保持清醒，这样你就会感觉好多了。
第16讲 │ 单词点睛
How do you amuse yourself during the vacation?
假期你怎样使自己开心？
Little things amuse little minds. 小人无大志。 (3) entertain 是“招待(侧重娱乐)”的意思。
I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home.
我喜欢在家用音乐和点心来招待朋友。 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 1．汉译英
(1) 你的行为逗笑了我。
_________________________
(2) 当他读那篇有趣的文章时脸上露出愉快的表情。 _______________________________________________
______________ 2．根据汉语完成句子
那个孩子通过玩积木来取乐。
The child ______________________ his building blocks.
第16讲 │ 单词点睛
Your behaviour amused me. He had an amused look on his face when reading the amusing article. entertained himself with 3 tear vt.撕，扯，使分裂；使苦恼；飞奔，疾驶
n．眼泪
tear apart
使……分离；把……弄得一团糟
tear into
猛袭，痛击；严厉斥责
tear off
撕掉； 草率凑成，匆匆做成
tear down
拆毁(建筑)；扯下
tear up
撕毁，撕碎(文件等)
tear sth. open
把……撕开
in tears
哭泣，流着泪 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
【活学活用】 (1) 她把信撕得粉碎。
She ____ the letter ____ tiny pieces. (2) 愤怒的工人把布告栏上的通告撕了下来。
Angry workers ____ the notice ____ from the notice board. (3) 小男孩想要把电话本拆开。
The little boy tried to _________ the phone book. (4) 战士们正向敌人猛攻。
The soldiers were __________ the enemy.
(5) 这本小说的封面已被撕掉。
The cover of the novel has been _______ .
第16讲 │ 单词点睛
tore into torn down tear apart tearing into torn off 4 perform vt.&vi.演出，表演；履行；做，工作，运转；完成；执行
(1) perform an __________做手术
perform one’s promise
履行承诺
perform one’s duties
尽责任
perform an ___________
做实验
perform well ___
在……表现好
(2) give/put on a performance
演出；上演(节目)
第16讲 │ 单词点睛
operation experiment in 【活学活用】 1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。
The young doctor
__________________________ for the
patient.
(2) 他们总是忠实地履行自己的职责。
They always __________________ faithfully.
(3) 这些学生下星期五将演出歌剧。
The students will _______________ next Friday.
(4) 我们队在昨天的比赛中表现得很出色。
Our team ______________ in the match yesterday. 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
performed the heart operation perform their duties perform an opera performed well
(5) 他演的奥赛罗糟透了。
His _________________ Othello was terrible. 2．单项填空
The operations are
________
with different tools.
A．preferred
B．performed
C．provided
D．practiced
[解析] B perform 除了有“表演”的意思之外，还有“操作”等别的意思。 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
performance of/as 5 attain vt.(to reach or succeed in getting something; to achieve) (通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到
attainable adj.可达到的
attainment n.
成绩，达到，到达
attain success
获得成功
【易混辨析】
attain, acquire, obtain, earn, gain, get与win
第16讲 │ 单词点睛
第16讲 │ 单词点睛
单词 用法 attain 经过努力获得某事物或达到某种目标或标准。 acquire 多用于经过不断的学习， 慢慢地获取学问、技术等抽象的东西的意思。 obtain 含有如期达到目标或得到自己想要的东西。 earn 表示经过艰苦努力而得到报酬，或者得到了理应享受到的某种待遇，后面的宾语为金钱、荣誉等。 gain 指经过斗争、竞争而获得某种优势或者达到某种目的，其宾语为经验、优势、利益、好处等。 get 最常用词。可指主动地获得或得到，也可能是被迫接受，有时指不一定需要主动性或者付出很大的努力就能得到。 win 多指在竞赛中获得、赢得，有时也表示在战争中夺得胜利，其宾语通常是比赛、战争。 【活学活用】 用attain, acquire, gain, win, get, earn的适当的形式来填空
(1) I’m in new job that I’m already _______ experience.
(2) Please ____ me a glass of water.
(3) Her perseverance ____ her many friends and a gold
medal.
(4) He ______ up to $50,000 a year by writing stories.
(5) After six years’ study, he has ________ a good
knowledge of English.
(6) He ________ his purpose at last. 第16讲 │ 单词点睛
gaining
get
won earned acquired attained 6 live adj.& adv.生动的；现场直播的；活的(前置定语) 【易混辨析】
lively，living，alive与live lively表示“活泼的， 活跃的， 栩栩如生的， 生动的，令人爽 快的”之意。living 用于修饰生物时，指“活着的”。alive
指“活 着的，在世的”，着重于状态，它用作表语，或放在名词或代 词后作定语。live作形容词时，只用于修饰物，指“活的”，还 可以表示“直播的，实况转播的”；作为动词表示“生活，居 住”；此外，live on意为“以……为主食，靠……过活”，后接表 示“食物、收入”等的词语。live by意为“靠……(手段)谋生”， 后常接名词或v.ing
形式。 第16讲 │ 单词点睛