2017届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件:第14讲 Unit 2《The environment》(牛津译林版必修5)-查字典英语网
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2017届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件:第14讲 Unit 2《The environment》(牛津译林版必修5)

发布时间:2017-02-14  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  3 There is no doubt that

  the world climate has been

  changing in recent years. 毫无疑问,世界气候在近几 年发生着变化。 句型公式 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问的是……  【句式点拨】 There is no doubt that ..., that从句引导 同位语从句

  。doubt用在否定句中,后面接that引导的同位语从句。 There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. 毫无疑问,他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。 I have no doubt that he will succeed. 我相信他会成功的。 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  【相关拓展】 在 否定句

  和 疑问句

  中,doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。 在 肯定句

  中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。 I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time. 我相信他能按时完成任务。 Do you doubt that she will succeed? 你怀疑她会成功吗? 在 肯定句

  中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  There is some doubt whether their football team will win the

  match. 他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。 He had his doubts whether they would give him another chance to have a try. 他不能肯定他们是否会再给他一次机会试一试。 【温馨提示】 在肯定句中,doubt后面也可以接that引导的宾语从句,但表示疑虑较大或“不相信”。

  We doubt that they can complete the work ahead of time. 我们不相信他们能提前完成这项工作。 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  【活学活用】 (1) 我很怀疑她是否诚实。

  I have

  ____________ her honesty. (2) 她无法确定他是否来。

  She had her

  ______________ he would come. (3) 毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的。

  ____________________ she will keep her word.

  第14讲 │ 句型透视

  doubts about doubts whether There is no doubt that 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. After much d_____, we decided to move to Oxford. 2.The sights of the city never fail to _______(使有印象)foreign tourists. 3.There has been a steady d______

  in the number of visitors. 4.Plants ______ (吸收)minerals and other nutrients from the soil. 5.In Africa, for example, poverty has actually risen over the past ______ (十年). ebate

  impress ecrease absorb decade Ⅱ.选词填空(有一项多余)

  run out of, pick out, cut back on,in/with regard to, under way 1.Indeed, some human trials are __________. 2.I have nothing to say

  ________________ that subject. 3.I have

  __________ the bad tomatoes from the basket. 4.If we don’t sell more goods, we’ll have to

  __________ production. 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  under way in/with regard to picked out cut back on Ⅲ.单项填空 1.The writer was so

  ________

  in his work that he didn’t notice it was 12 o’clock.

  A.absorbed B.abandoned

  C.focused

  D.centered

  [解析] A 本题为词义辨析题。题目意思为:作家专心于工作,没有注意到已经12点钟了。absorb常用结构为be absorbed in...“全神贯注于……”,B项表示放弃,C项常用短语为 focus on,D项表示“集中”,center on a point/person/thing “集中于某一点/某人/某事”。所以应该选择A。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  2.The company’s position

  ________

  overtime is made clear in their contracts.

  A.due to

  B.with regard to

  C.but for

  D.in spite of

  [解析] B 本题考查介词词组辨析。due to“由于,应归于”;with regard to“关于”;but for“要不是”;in spite of“不管,不顾”。题中所涉及的是相关事宜,故B为正确答案。句意:这个公司已经在他们的合同里澄清了有关职务加班的事宜。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  3.We were charged with having brought goods into the country

  ________ .

  A.quietly

  B.actually

  C.practically

  D.illegally

  [解析] D 考查副词词义辨析。quietly意为“安静地”,actually意为“实际上”,practically意为“实际地,几乎,事实上”,illegally意为“非法地”。句意:我们被指控非法携带货物入境。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  4.Several projects are

  ________

  to help those poor college students to finish their education.

  A.in the way

  B.on the way

  C.under way

  D.by the way

  [解析] C 考查way的短语搭配。根据题意可知under way“在进行”正确,其余不符合题意。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  5.He’s very

  ________

  about the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.

  A.particular

  B.worried

  C.skillful

  D.special

  [解析] A 考查形容词辨析。句意:他对厨房很挑剔——一切必须完全干净,并且要井然有序。be particular about表示“对……挑剔”,符合句意。be worried about“担心”。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  6.She feels a strong sense of

  ________

  towards her employees.

  A.hearing

  B.humor

  C.direction

  D.responsibility

  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:她对员工有一种强烈的责任感。hearing“听觉”;humor“幽默”;direction“方向”;responsibility“职责,责任”,D符合句意。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  7.Every patient and physician is

  ________

  the safety of the blood supply.

  A.excited about

  B.concerned about

  C.curious about

  D.nervous about

  [解析] B 考查动词短语意义。句意:每一位病人和医生都很关心血液供应的安全性。be concerned about“对……关心”,符合句意。be excited about“对……激动”;be curious about“对……好奇”;be nervous about“对……紧张”。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  8.I had an old photo with all my classmates and teachers which was taken twenty years ago, and it is a little unclear.I don’t know if I can still

  ________

  my English teacher.

  A.fill out

  B.pick out

  C.find out

  D.put out

  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。fill out“填写”;pick out“辨认出”;find out“查明,找到”;put out“扑灭”。根据句意“我有我的同学及老师二十年前拍摄的照片,有点模糊。我不知道是否能辨认出我的英语老师。”可知选择B项正确。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  9.They had been

  ________

  about the origin of the universe for several hours without reaching a conclusion.

  A.considering

  B.debating

  C.reasoning

  D.discussing

  [解析] B 考查动词词语辨析。题意:关于宇宙的起源他们一直辩论了几个小时还是无果而终。debate“(尤指正式讨论),辩论”;consider“考虑”;reason“说服”;discuss“讨论”,用于一般场合。 第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  10.—Do you know why the tall building is stopped now? —It’s said that all the money borrowed from the bank has ________ .

  A.eaten up

  B.run out

  C.used up

  D.let out

  [解析] B 本题考查动词辨析。 当主语是物时,“用完、用尽”用run out或用被动形式be run out of或be used up。eat up“吃光”;let out“释放,泄露”。

  第14讲 │ 跟踪训练

  阅读写作(十四)

  记叙文写作之图画叙事

  阅读写作(十四)[记叙文写作之图画叙事 ]

  阅读写作(十四) │ 写作点拨 写作点拨 图画类记叙文是材料作文的一种特殊形式,是一种变“画”为文的作文方式。要求考生首先看懂图画的意思而后再行文。此类写作主要训练和考查考生的观察力、思考力、创造力和表达能力。图画作文多以记叙文及描写文为主。通常依照画面内容来确定,如若介绍某地景色或布局,反映某一社会或自然现象时,文中动词常用一般现在时;如若介绍人物或反映某件事情的发展过程,则常用一般过去时。写作时要根据给定情景,选准角度,认真组织语言材料,有理有序地描写事情发生和发展的过程及前因后果等,并能做出适当而有效的评价,即所谓的“叙议”结合。此类写作要遵守以下写作步骤: 第一步:认真观察,正确叙述画面内容。画面的主体往往是人物。要仔细观察画面中人物的形体、相貌、表情、语言、动作等,推测人物的思想面貌,尤其注意人物在干什么;还要观察周围环境,弄清事件发生的时间、地点以及和事件有关的情况,然后把这些信息连贯性地表达出来,使静止的画面“动起来”,平面的事物“立体化”。 第二步:选点立意。通过收集画面所提供的内容,去粗取精,揣摩画意,揭示实质,得出结论。 第三步:引发评论。与现实生活联系,由此及彼地加以联想与引申,在画面意义的基础上联想到另一层新的内容,发表自己的看法,可以提出一些建议和办法。 阅读写作(十四) │ 写作点拨 阅读写作(十四) │ 词句模板 词句模板 1.故事背景常用语:

  (1)I was about to do…when…

  (2)It was snowing/raining heavily/hard on Monday

  morning.

  (3)Last night I was busy preparing for my test when I

  heard a loud noise.

  (4)On my way home, I came across an old friend of mine.

  (5)The sun was shining and the birds were singing. 2.事件感受常用语:

  (1)Tired as we were, we still felt quite happy.

  (2)This is really an unforgettable experience.

  (3)I learned from the experience that honesty always

  comes first. 阅读写作(十四) │ 词句模板 3.图画类记叙文格式模板: (时间) __________ is memorable because (人物) __________ had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we(活动一) __________. Upon arrival, we began to(活动二) __________. Some were(活动三) __________.Others were(活动四) __________. After getting the work done, we(活动五) __________. Seeing(活动六) __________ , we(感受) __________. We feel it's our duty to(动作) __________. 阅读写作(十四) │ 词句模板 【活学活用】 假设你是李华,你的英国朋友Tom来信询问你们的学习情况。请你根据下图提供的信息,写一封100词左右的回信,谈谈自从你校实行新课改,尝试新的学习方法以来,你们学习情况的变化。

  阅读写作(十四) │ 词句模板 【参考范文】 Dear Tom, It was great to hear from you again. There are many things going on in our school. In fact things have got much better since we started a different way of learning. In the past our teachers stood in front of the class talking all the time while we students listened, busily taking notes. After a tiring day at school, we always had a lot of homework to do. Sometimes we even worked late into the night. Now we are 阅读写作(十四) │ 词句模板 active in class. We often have discussions in pairs or in groups. After class we enjoy all kinds of activities, such as going in for sports, doing experiments or surfing the Internet.

  We are extremely happy about the changes in our studies.

  All the best! Yours,

  Li Hua 阅读写作(十四) │ 词句模板 2.单项填空

  Thanks to the new traffic law, the number of traffic accident has

  ________ .

  A.increased

  B.decreased

  C.raised

  D.dropped

  [解析] B 根据题意“多亏了新的交通法规,交通事故已经减少了。”可知选择B项。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  6 measure n.(to discover the exact size or amount of something, or to be of a particular size)测量,估量,量;措施,方法;尺度vt.测量;估量,判定 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  (1) measure sth. ___量出,配出

  measure

  _____/with

  达到,符合

  measure ______

  拿……和……比(长度)

  (2) __________ measures to do sth.

  采取措施做某事

  ___

  one’s own measures

  按照某人的尺寸……

  (3) measurable adj.

  可度量的,明显的

  measured adj.

  慎重的,仔细斟酌的

  measureless adj.

  无限的,不可估量的

  (4) measurement n.

  度量,衡量 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  out up to against adopt/take to 【活学活用】 1. 根据汉语完成句子

  (1) The government has promised to ____________ (采取 措施)to help the unemployed.

  (2) This didn’t ___________ (符合)our policy.

  (3) The meter is __________ (计量单位)of length. 2.单项填空

  Please

  ________

  me for a new coat.

  A.mark

  B.estimate

  C.weigh

  D.measure

  [解析] D measure“量,丈量”。句意:请为我量一件新上衣。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  take measures measure up a measure 7 absorb vt.(to take something in, especially gradually)吸收;理解;使全神贯注

  (1) absorbed adj. 

  被吸收的;一心一意的

  be absorbed __...

  全神贯注于……,专心于……

  be absorbed __

  被……所吞没,被……所吸收

  (2) absorption n.

  吸收, 专注 【温馨提示】 absorb是及物动词,不能说absorbed sth.,只能说absorb sth.或 be absorbed in sth.。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  in by 【活学活用】 (1) 黑色布料吸收光线。

  Black cloth _______ light. (2) 他把全部精力投入在工作上。

  The work ________ all his energies. (3) 他正全神贯注于他的工作。

  He

  ______________ his work. 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  absorbs absorbed was absorbed in 1 cut back on 减少,削减,缩减

  cut down ___ 

  削减,缩减,减少

  cut across

  抄近路通过

  cut _____

  切除, 剪掉,砍掉

  cut _____

  砍倒;削减;删节

  cut ___

  插嘴;插入, 把……插进

  cut ___

  剪除

  cut ___

  切碎;(严重地)割伤;打伤,使伤心

  cut ___

  中断(电话通话);切去,割掉 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  短语储存 on away down in out up off 【活学活用】 (1) 我们正在谈话,她插嘴问了一个问题。

  As we were talking, she

  ______ with a question.

  (2) 把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。

  ______ the carrots before you put them into the pot. (3) 我们电话打到一半就断线了。

  We were

  ______ in the middle of our conversation. 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  cut in Cut up cut off 2 open the floor 自由发言

  take the floor 发言,参加讨论

  get/have the floor

  得到发言权

  ask for the floor

  征求发言权

  open the mind

  开阔思想

  open one’s heart

  把心里的话说出来

  open one’s eyes

  长见识,开眼界 【温馨提示】 open the floor中的floor不是我们常说的“地板”之意,而是“发 言权”。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子

  (1) 我们打开天窗说亮话吧。

  Let’s

  ____________ for discussion on that one.

  (2) 我现在请总统讲话。

  I invite the President to ____________ now.

  (3) 开会时,每个人都应该有发言权。

  Everybody should be able to

  _____________ during the

  meeting. 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  open the floor take the floor have the floor 2.单项填空

  At the end of the news conference, we were allowed to open the

  ________

  for discussion.

  A.mindB.floor

  C.ball

  D.debate

  [解析] B open the floor 为固定搭配,意为“自由发言”。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  3 run out(of) 用完,耗尽

  run short

  ___ 用完,耗尽

  run ____

  撞进;偶然遇到;跑进

  run ______偶然遇到;穿过

  run _____

  追求;追赶;追逐

  run _____

  逃走;逃跑

  run _______

  浏览;穿过;流过

  【温馨提示】 run out是不及物动词,后接名词时与of连用。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  of into across after away through 【活学活用】 1. 判断正误

  (1) The money has been run out.I’ll go home to fetch some.

  ____

  (2) The money has run out.I’ll go home to fetch some.

  ____

  (3) The money has been run out of.I’ll go home to fetch

  some.

  ____ 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  错 对 对 2.单项填空

  —Have we

  ________

  water?

  —Yes,

  ________ .We’d better get some.

  A.run out of;we have run out it

  B.run out of;our water has run out

  C.run out;our water has been run out

  D.run out;our water has run out

  [解析] B run out of 是及物动词短语,后接宾语;run out是不及物动词短语,不能跟宾语,也没有被动语态,根据题意,选择B项。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  4 pick out 找出,挑选

  pick on 挑……的毛病;找……的麻烦

  pick up

  拾起,捡起;收听;接(人);(无意中)学会

  pick... apart

  分解;找毛病

  pick up with

  在偶然机会认识 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  【易混辨析】 pick out,choose与select pick out为一般用语,既可以挑选好的事物,也可以是坏的事 物,多用于有形的人或物。它还有“辨别出,区分出”的意思。 choose通常指在所提供的对象中,凭个人的意志和判断力进行 选择,往往以个人好恶或是否适合标准,因此当选择事业或爱 人时,不宜用select或pick out。 select有“精选”的含义,指有目的地仔细、认真选择。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  【活学活用】 1.用pick out/ choose /select填空

  (1) She _____________ (被挑出)from thousands of

  applicants for the job.

  (2) She had to _______ (选择) between giving up her jobs or

  hiring a man.

  (3) He ________ (挑选) a card from the rack. 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  was picked out choose selected 2.单项填空

  The baby’s eyes were so sharp to

  ________

  her mother in the crowd.

  A.find

  B.find out

  C.pick out

  D.observe

  [解析] C find“找到”;find out“查清楚事情的来龙去脉或暗藏事实”;observe“观察”;pick out“从……中辨别出”。句意为:这孩子的眼睛很敏锐,一下子就从人群中认出了她的妈妈。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  5 queue up 排队等候

  queue up for 为……而排队

  queue up to do sth.

  排队做某事 【活学活用】 1.用queue up的正确形式填空

  (1) He will ___________ (排队) the movie tickets with

  Xiaoming.

  (2) They _______________ (排队)see a film. 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  queue up for are queuing up to 2.单项填空

  If you want to see the film, you will have to

  ________

  for tickets.

  A.queue up

  B.warm up

  C.give up

  D.speed up

  [解析] A queue up“排队,列队”;warm up“(使)暖和起来”;give up“放弃”;speed up“加速”,故A项符合题意。 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  6 in/with regard to 关于,至于

  with respect to关于……, 至于……

  in respect of

  关于, 就……而言

  concerning 

  关于

  regarding

  关于 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  【活学活用】 关于价格,我们认为它太高了。 ________________ the price, we think it is too high. 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  In/With regard to 7 under way 进行中

  under control 处于控制中

  under repair

  修理中

  under construction

  建造中

  under discussion

  讨论中

  under consideration

  思考中

  under pressure

  压力下 第14讲 │ 短语储存

  【活学活用】 (1) The tournament got _________ (进行中)on Friday. (2) Our new school is _________________ (建设中). (3) The car ___________ (修理中)belongs to Mr.Green. (4) He lived in the city of St.Petersburg when it was ___________ (袭击中)of Nazi.

  第14讲 │ 短语储存

  under way under construction under repair under attack 1 The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 目前的世界人口与1800年相比已增长了六倍多。 句型公式 倍数+what 从句 【句式点拨】 本句包含一个倍数表示法,即“倍数+what从句”。 The production is now three times what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量比十年前增加了三倍。

  第14讲 │ 句型透视

  句型透视 【相关拓展】 (1) A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B

  (2) A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B (3) A+be+倍数+the+名词(size, height, length, width, age, weight, etc.)+of+B (4) The+名词+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B

  The car runs twice faster than that truck.

  这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。

  This big stone is three times as heavy as that one.

  这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  This hill is four times the height of that small one.

  这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。

  There are four times more books in our library than in yours.

  我们图书馆藏书(数量)是你们图书馆藏书的四倍。

  There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one.

  这个壶里的水(量)是那个壶里的三倍。 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子

  (1) 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。

  This tree is

  __________________ that one.

  (2) 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。

  The Yangtze River is almost

  ________________ the

  Pearl River.

  (3) 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。

  The newly broadened square is __________________ the previous one.

  第14讲 │ 句型透视

  three times as tall as twice longer than four times the size of

  (4) 新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。

  The size of the newly broadened square is

  _______________ the previous one.

  2.单项填空

  Staying in a hotel in Shanghai one day costs

  ________

  renting a house in my hometown for a week.

  A.the three times price of

  B.three times the price of

  C.as much as three times D.as much three times as

  [解析] B 考查倍数的表示法。此题考查A+do+倍数+the+名词+of+B结构。 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  four times that of 2 However,I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled,... 但是,我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收的产品,…… 句型公式 do强调谓语agree 【句式点拨】 本句的谓语部分由“do+agree”构成,do对谓语动词agree 强调。 He does look tired. 他确实显得很疲倦。 Do shut up! 住口!

  Do say you’ll stay for supper! 务必吃完晚饭再走!

  第14讲 │ 句型透视

  【活学活用】 1.用强调句翻译句子

  (1) 他的确很熟悉这个地方。 _____________________________________

  (2) 你到那儿后务必给我来信。

  _____________________________________

  (3) 啊,真是弥天大谎!

  _____________________________________

  (4) 他到底会在哪儿?

  _____________________________________

  (5) 这正是我们上学期用过的教材。

  _____________________________________ 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  He does know the place well.

  Do write to me when you get there.

  Oh,what a lie! Where in the world could he be? That’s the very textbook we used last term.

  2.单项填空

  If you have a job,

  ________

  yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.

  A.do devote B.don’t devote

  C.devoting

  D.not devoting

  [解析] A 考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。此处应是祈使句,又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do,故选A。句意为:“如果你有了一份工作,付出努力去做它,最后你定能成功。” 第14讲 │ 句型透视

  第14讲

  Unit 2

  The environment 第14讲 Unit 2

  The environment

  第14讲 │ 美文欣赏 美文欣赏 [2011·湖南卷] Directions:Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛,请按如下要求完成一篇短文: 1.简要描述下图内容,并点明主题; 2.联系实际,表达该图带给你的启示。

  注意: 1.词数不少于120;

  2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 第14讲 │ 美文欣赏 【精彩美文】

  Countless drops of water bring the sea its vastness;every single tree is the indispensable element of a verdant forest;we people as individuals constitute the society. In order to achieve a goal,everyone ought to make his own contributions.

  We are often advised,by people around,to choose those specific popular majors in university in the future,for they think we will be able to enjoy a happier and easier life after graduation if we are doctors,engineers or government officials.

  第14讲 │ 美文欣赏 However,as far as I am concerned,as long as an individual is contributing his or her part to the society,he or she should be respected,no matter how low the class of his or her job is. As the above picture shows,if every one of us successfully assumes our responsibility,our earth will become a lovely home for human beings. 第14讲 │ 美文欣赏 【全品点睛】

  ①行文逻辑:提出观点→分析论证→解决问题。较好地使用了连接词语,如: however,as far as I am concerned等。

  ②词汇短语:运用了较高难度的词汇。如:make his own contributions,specific,assume,contribute…to…等。 第14讲 │ 美文欣赏 ③句式句法:运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如:for引导并列句,if引导的是条件状语从句:…for they think we will be able to enjoy a happier and easier life after graduation if we are doctors,engineers or government officials;条件状语从句:…as long as an individual is contributing his or her part to the society…;让步状语从句:…no matter how low the class of his or her job is. (让步状语从句)等。

  第14讲 │ 美文欣赏 基础梳理 Ⅰ. 单词荟萃 1.

  economy n.经济(情况);经济体→ _________ adj.经济的;经济学的→ __________ adj.节约的;经济的→

  ____________

  adv.经济地→ __________ n.经济学家 2. responsibility n.责任,职责→ __________ adj.有责任的 3. belief n.看法;信念→ _______ vt.相信 4. environmental adj.环境的→ ______________ adv.环境地→

  ____________

  n.环境 第14讲 │ 基础梳理 economic economical economically economist responsible believe environmentally environment 5.operate vt.& vi.经营;动手术→ _________ n.手术;经营;操作 6.arrival n.到来,抵达;到达者→ ______ vi.到达 7.illegally adv.非法地→ ______ adj.违法的,非法的→ _____ adj.合法的 8.impress vt.使印象深刻→ __________ n.印象→ _________ adj.感人的;令人钦佩的;给人以深刻印象的 9.appreciate vt.欣赏,赞赏;感谢;领会→ ___________ n.欣赏;感谢 10.absorb vt.吸收;理解;使全神贯注→ _________ adj.被吸收的;一心一意的 第14讲 │ 基础梳理 operation arrive illegal legal impression impressive appreciation absorbed Ⅱ.短语检测 1.减少,削减,缩减

  2.用尽

  3.用完,耗尽

  4.打扫(或清除)干净

  5.排队等候

  6.找出,挑选

  7.进行中

  8.关于,至于

  9.尤其,特别

  10.尽自己的职责

  第14讲 │ 基础梳理 cut back on

  use up

  run out (of)

  clean up

  queue up

  pick out

  under way

  in/with regard to

  in particular

  do one’s part

  Ⅲ.佳句再现 1. 目前的世界人口与1800年相比已增长了六倍多。

  The world’s population has grown

  ____________________ in 1800. 2.我们的职责是尽量削减生产,减少制造和购买物品的数量。

  ___________ to try to

  __________ production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy. 3.但是,我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品,……

  However,I

  ________ that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled... 第14讲 │ 基础梳理 by six times what it was It is our duty cut back on do agree 4.毫无疑问,世界气候在近几年发生着变化。

  ____________________ the world climate has been changing in recent years. 5.我们能做的有助于解决这个问题的一件事就是可能时步行或使用自行车。

  One thing

  ___________ to help solve this problem is to walk or use a bicycle ____________ .

  第14讲 │ 基础梳理 There is no doubt that we can all do when possible 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  单词点睛 1 debate n.(a serious discussion of a subject in which many people take part)辩论,讨论 vt.(to discuss a subject in a formal way)争论,思考 vi.商讨,辩论

  (1) debate _________ ... 

  就……辩论

  debate ____ sb. _____ sth.

  和某人就某事辩论

  debate whether to do sth./debate whether+从句

  考虑/讨论是否……

  (2) have a debate

  进行讨论/辩论

  ______

  debate

  在讨论中

  ______

  debate

  无可争辩

  a heated debate

  激烈的辩论 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  on/about with about under beyond 【易混辨析】

  debate, argue, discuss与quarrel (1) debate指正式的辩论,通常在一位仲裁人的主持下,按照一定的规则进行,双方各自申诉理由,“交锋”意味较强。

  The subject is being hotly debated.

  大家正在热烈地就该话题进行辩论。 (2) argue指说理、论证,侧重于摆事实,试图说服对方,也可能是激烈地交换意见,以致争吵。

  I argued with him for a long time, but he refused to listen to any reason.

  我和他争论了很久,但他听不进任何理由。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  (3) discuss重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有意说服对方的意思。

  I’ll discuss the problem with him later.

  我稍后会和他讨论这个问题的。 (4) quarrel指吵架,争吵,生气失态以至于会伤害到对方。

  The couple was quarreling furiously about whose turn it was to cook the dinner.

  那对夫妇为该轮到谁煮饭正在激烈争吵。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  【活学活用】 1.根据汉语完成句子

  (1) 她辞职一事引得群众议论纷纷。

  Her resignation caused much _____________ .

  (2) 她考虑是否接受他的邀请。

  She

  _______________________ his invitation.

  (3) 我们就这个问题辩论到深夜。

  We

  ___________ the question till late into the night. 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  public debate debated whether to accept debated on 2.单项填空

  The question of the origin of the universe is still hotly

  ________

  by scientists.

  A.considered B.debated

  C.reasoned

  D.talked about

  [解析] B 考查词语辨析。题意:关于宇宙起源的问题,科学家们仍在进行着激烈的辩论。debate“(尤指正式讨论),辩论”;consider“考虑”;reason“说服”;talk about“讨论”,用于一般场合。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  2 responsibility n.(being responsible or accountable)责任,职责

  (1) take/assume/accept/bear responsibility ___  

  承担责任

  a sense of responsibility

  责任感

  It is one’s responsibility to do sth.

  做某事是某人的职责

  (2) responsible adj. 

  有责任的,应负责任的

  be responsible for/to sb./sth. 对……负责

  第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  for 【图片助记】 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  【活学活用】 1. 用responsibility的适当形式填空

  (1) He tried to avoid taking ____________ for the accident.

  (2) Parents are __________ for their children’s safety.

  (3) Who is ___________ for the mess in the classroom?

  (4) He doesn’t have a sense of _____________ , so he isn’t

  popular with his classmates. 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  responsibility responsible responsible responsibility 2.单项填空

  I will take the

  ________

  of doing it.

  A.charge

  B.possible

  C.possibility

  D.responsibility

  [解析] D take the responsibility of “负责”。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  3 operate vt.&vi.(to cause to work, be in action or have an effect)管理,经营,操作,进行,动手术

  (1) operate

  ___ sb. ___ ...

  因为……给某人动手术

  (2) operation n.

  操作,实施,军事行动,手术

  operator n.

  接线员

  do an operation

  ___ sb.

  为某人动手术

  (3) operational adj.

  操作的,运转的 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  on for on 【活学活用】 1.用operate的适当形式填空

  (1) I am a computer ________ .

  (2) The machine is _________ continuously.

  (3) The department store is well ________ .

  (4) The surgeon has performed the _________ .

  (5) All the Disney parks are _________ by the same

  company. 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  operator operating operated operation operated 2. 单项填空

  He’s going into hospital to have a small

  ________

  her leg.

  A.operate on

  B.operation for

  C.operation in

  D.operation on

  [解析] D have an operation on sb.“给某人动手术”;也可用have an operation on one's+身体部位结构。其余的不符合题意。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  4 impress vt.(to make someone feel admiration and respect)使印象深刻,盖印,留下印象

  (1) impress sb. ____ sth.

   

  铭记,使……留有深刻的印象

  impress sth. ________ sb.

  使……留有深刻的印象,铭记

  (2) impression n.

  印象,感想,印痕

  make a strong impression ___ ...

  对……留下深刻的印象

  (3) impressive adj.

  给人留下深刻印象的 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  with on/upon on 【活学活用】 1. 根据汉语完成句子

  (1) 时代给他留下了痕迹。

  Time has left its

  _______________ him.

  (2) 泥地上留下了鞋印。

  There are the

  __________________ in the mud. 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  impression upon impressions of shoes 2.单项填空

  The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO2010 is strongly impressed

  ________

  my memory.

  A.to

  B.over

  C.by

  D.on

  [解析] D impress sth.on/upon one’s mind/memory是固定搭配,“把……印在脑海里”,此处用作被动语态,故选D。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  5 decrease vi.& vt.& n.[(cause sth. to) become smaller or fewer]减少(反义词为increase)

  (1) decrease

  __+数字  

  减少到……

  decrease

  __+数字

  减少了……

  decrease in/of sth.

  减少……的量

  (2)

  ___ the decrease  

  在减少中

  (3) grow to/increase to/rise to/climb to+数字

  增加到……

  grow by/increase by/rise by+数字

  净增了…… 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  to by on 【易混辨析】 decrease和reduce decrease强调数目或使人不快之物的逐渐减少;reduce 可以表 示尺寸、数量、程度或强度的减少,词义引申之后,可以表示 地位、处境、状况的降低。 Lack of success decreases confidence. 失败使信心渐减。 The workers reduced their wage demands. 工人们降低了他们在工资方面的要求。 第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  【活学活用】 1.用decrease的适当形式填空

  (1)平均房价去年下降了13%。

  The average house prices ___________ 13% last year.

  (2)到1881年,爱尔兰的人口减少到了五百二十万。

  By 1881, the population of Ireland had ___________ 5.2

  million.

  (3)这个城市的人口在持续下降。

  There has been _________________ population in this city.

  (4)一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。

  A local newspaper remarked that crime was _____________.

  第14讲 │ 单词点睛

  decreased by decreased to a steady decrease in on the decrease

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