英语句子中,把全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前,叫部分倒装。 一、全部倒装 1.表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语,如here,there,
now,then,up,down,in,away,off,out,in the room,on the wall等,置于句首时全部倒装。 Now comes your turn!轮到你了! Out rushed the children!孩子们冲了出去! On the ground lay an old man,who was dying. 地上躺着一位老人,奄奄一息。 2.such作表语,置于句首,表示“这样的人/事物;上述
的人/事物”。be动词须与后面的主语保持一致。
Such is their decision.他们的决定就是这样。
Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man and the 20th
century‘s greatest scientist.这就是爱因斯坦,一个简单的
人,也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。 二、部分倒装 1.only所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首
作状语时。
Only
in this way can you solve this problem.
只有用这种方法,你才能解决这个问题。 [注意] only修饰主语时,不需要倒装。
2.含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。如:never,
little, seldom, not, not only, not until, no sooner (...than),
hardly (...when), rarely, scarcely, in no way, by no means等。
No sooner had we reached the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站,火车就开了。
Not only was Churchill a statesman,but also a poet.
丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家,还是一位诗人。 3.在so...that, such...that句型中,若把so, such引导的结构
放在句首时。
Such great progress did he make that he was praised.
他取得如此大的进步,因此受到表扬。
So heavy is the box that I can't carry it.
这个箱子太重我搬不动。 4.省略了if的虚拟条件句中,把were, had或should放在句
首时。
Should the machine break down again, send it back to
us.如果机器再出故障,就退给我们。
Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
如果我是你,就不会做这种事。 5.though/as引导让步状语从句时,意为“尽管”,通
常把句中状语、表语或动词提前;若表语是名词,其
前不加冠词。
Young as/though she is,she has seen much of the world.
她虽然年轻,但却见过很多世面。
Woman as she is,she is courageous.
尽管是位女士,但她很勇敢。 6.副词so,neither, nor放在句首,表示前面所说的情况也
适用于另一个人或物。
She likes music and so do I.
她喜欢音乐,我也喜欢。
He knows little German.Neither do I.
他几乎不懂德语,我也是。
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