23.put up
搭起;张贴;举起;投宿
put up with
忍受
put out
伸出;扑灭
put off
推迟
put into
放进;翻译
put away
放好;存钱
put down
记下;平定
put on
穿上;上演;增加 put forward
提出;提前 put through
接通电话 put aside
放到一边 put back
放回 24.pull down 拆毁;推翻
pull in
进站
pull out
取出;(火车)离站
pull over
驶到一边
pull through
恢复健康;渡过难关;脱离险境
pull up
(使)停住 25.push over
推倒,刮倒
push through
排除困难办好某事,努力设法通过;
挤过 26.run across
偶然碰到
run after
追逐,追捕
run away
逃跑
run for
竞选
run into
偶然碰到(困难),遇见(人);相撞
run out of
用完 27.see off
送行
see through
看透,识破
see to
照料,照管 28.send for
派人去请
send off
送行
send out
发出(光亮等)
send up
发射 29.set up
建立
set off
出发;引起,激起
set out
动身;着手(to do);陈述
set about
开始着手(doing)
set back
拨回;使推迟 30.take off
脱掉;起飞
take on
呈现;雇佣
take away
拿走
take in
吸收;领会
take up
从事;占用(时间、空间)
take down
记录;取下
take back
收回
take for
误认为
take along
随身携带 take over
接管 take charge of
负责 take sth.for granted
想当然 take hold of
抓住 take pride in
以……为自豪 take the place of
代替 take turns to do
轮流做 take office
就职 31.think of
想起
think of...as
把……看作
think out
想出
think up
想出
think about
考虑
think over
仔细考虑
think well of sb.
对某人看法好
32.turn off/on
关上/打开
turn over
翻身;翻(书页);翻转
turn out
证明是,结果是;生产
turn to
转向,求助
turn down
调低;拒绝
turn against
(使)与……反目成仇,变得敌对
turn away
打发走,驱逐;转过脸去 一、常见动词和动词短语的辨析 1.grow,increase,improve,raise
grow“生长”,侧重于人或物的生长、发育,也可指实
力的增长。
increase“增加”,侧重于数量上的增加。
improve“改进,改善”,侧重于质量的提高或改善。
raise“提高”,侧重于高度和水平的提高。 The region is too dry for plants to grow. 这个地区干燥得草木不生。 The population of the city has increased by 30 percent to 5 million.该市的人口增长30%,达到了500万。 Our living conditions have been greatly improved. 我们的生活条件已大大提高。 2.include,contain
include“包括”,侧重指作为整体的一部分或要素。
contain“包含”,侧重包含的内容或成分,一般描述人或
事物的自然属性与特点。
We no longer include him among the contestants.
我们不再把他作为竞赛选手了。
The box contains the boy's toys.
那箱子里装着孩子的玩具。 3.expect,hope,wish
expect期望,预料。
hope多指切合实际的“希望”。
wish可以指不切合实际的“希望”,也可以指能够实现的
“愿望”。
I had not expected such a prize.
我没料到会得这么一个奖。
I hope to see you soon.希望不久能见到你。
I wish I were a flying bird.我希望我是只飞翔的小鸟。 4.hurt,wound,injure
hurt是表示“伤害”的一般用法,既可指对肉体的伤害,
也可指对情感的伤害。
wound常指外伤,尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害。
injure一般指在意外事故中受伤。 What you said hurt her feelings. 你说的话伤害了她的感情。 He was wounded in the attack. 他在这次攻击中受伤了。 Ten passengers were killed and more were seriously injured.十名乘客丧命,更多的乘客严重受伤。 5.beat,hit, strike, win, defeat (1)beat表示连续性的敲打、有节奏的跳动,还可表示打败。
He beats the boy black and blue.
他把那男孩打得青一块紫一块。
His heart beats faster and faster.他的心跳得越来越快。
Our team beat theirs by 2-0.
我们队以2比0击败他们队。 (2)以上例句中的beat不能用hit,strike代替。在表示“打、
击”意思时,beat表示连续性的打击;hit表示对准目标打一下,强调击中;strike表突然性或一次性的击打。 He hit the nail squarely on the head with the hammer. 他用锤子正对着钉子敲下去。 He was struck dead by lightning.他被雷电击死了。 (3)beat(=defeat)是指“打败对手”,宾语通常是人或集体。
win是“赢得……的胜利”或“获得……”的意思,宾语
通常
为 war,match,game,prize,medal,love,respect,
battle等名词。
He beat all the other participators and won the prize.
他击败了其他参赛者,获了奖。 6.acquire,get,gain
三个词都有“获得”的意思,但其侧重点各不相同。
acquire多指经过一段时间的努力而获得,获得的内容多
是抽象的东西,并且一旦获得很难失去,如知识等;
get是一般用语,指“得到”;
gain往往指通过努力或有意识的行动而获得有益的东西。 She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study. 经过认真学习她精通了英语。 He has just got a new job. 他刚找到一份新工作。 They gained the victory after a bloody battle. 他们血战之后赢得了胜利。 二、常见动词搭配 1.add to 增加,
add...to
把……加进……
add up
相加
add up to
总计 2.break away from
打破;脱离,挣脱;改掉
break down出毛病;身体(精神)衰弱;分解,
拆开
break off
暂停,中断
break in
强行进入;插话
break into
闯入
break out
爆发
break up
粉碎,驱散;学期结束;拆散
break through
突破 3.bring up
抚养;呕吐;提出
bring about
造成
bring out
拿出;出版
bring in
引入,引进;挣钱
bring back
使回想起
bring down
使减少;使倒下 4.call on
号召;拜访(某人)
call at
拜访,参观(某地)
call for
去叫某人;要求,需要
call up
使回忆起;征召入伍
call in
召集,请某人来
call out
大喊,高叫
call off
取消 5.come about
发生,产生
come down
下降,跌落
come into sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect
进入视线/形成/成立/开始使用/引起注意/生效
come on 来临;快点
come out
出版;结果是
come along
一道来,赶快 come to an agreement
达成协议 come to
合计,总共是 come up
发芽;走近 come across
偶然碰到 come back
回来;回想起 6.cut across
抄近路
cut down
砍倒;削减
cut off
切断,割掉
cut up
切碎
cut through
剪断;穿过
cut out
删(省)掉;戒掉
cut in
插嘴 7.die of (disease/hunger/grief)
死于(疾病、饥饿、情感原因)
die from
死于(外因)
die away
渐渐消逝
die out
绝种,灭绝
die down
(炉火)渐熄
die off
逐一死去 8.fall behind
落后
fall down
掉下;跌倒
fall back
撤退,后退 9.go in for
从事,参加;喜爱
go through
通过;经受
go over
复习;检查
go up
(价格)上涨;建造起来
go after
追捕,追赶
go against
违反
go ahead
先行;开始吧,问吧,说吧
go by
(时间)过去,逝去 go down
降低;(日、月)西落 go on(with)
继续进行 go with
相配;陪同 go without
没有……而勉强应付;没有……也行 go out
外出;熄灭 go all out
全力以赴 go off
爆炸;进行;变质;断电 10.get down
下来;记下;使沮丧
get down to
开始认真注意(或对待)某事
get on
进展,进步;穿上;上车
get off
脱下;下车
get in
收集;插(话)
get away
逃跑,逃脱;去休假 get over
忘记;越过,克服;从疾病中恢复 get along with
进展;相处 get through
打通电话;完成,通过 get round
消息传开 get close to sth.
接近,靠近 get out
离开;除去;泄露(秘密) 11.give away
赠送;泄露;出卖
give out
发出;疲劳;分发;公布
give off
发出(光、热、气体)
give in (to sb.)
屈服,让步
give up
放弃 12.hand in
交上,提交
hand out
分发
hand down
流传 13.hang about
闲逛
hang up
挂电话 14.hold back
阻止;隐瞒
hold up
举起;使停顿
hold on
别挂电话,等;坚持
hold out
维持;坚持;伸出
hold down
限制;保住 15.keep up (courage)
保持(勇气)
keep up with
跟上
keep off
不接近,远离
keep away from
避开,不接近,离……远远的
keep out of
躲开,置身……之外
keep to (rules,promise) 坚持、遵守(规则、诺言)
keep on
继续,坚持下来
keep back
阻止;留下;隐瞒;扣下
keep from
克制,阻止 16.knock at/on
敲
knock into
撞到某人身上
knock down
撞倒
knock out of
把……敲出
knock over
撞倒
knock off
停止工作,休息 17.leave for
离开前往
leave out
删去;遗漏
leave behind
遗留,忘记拿走 18.look up
查找;向上看
look through
翻阅,浏览
look on
旁观
look on...as
看作
look into
调查
look out(for)
当心
look about/around/round
四下查看
look down upon
瞧不起
look back upon
回忆,回顾
look sb.up and down
仔细打量某人 19.make up
编造;打扮;组成
make up for
弥补
make out
弄懂;辨认清楚
make for
走向,驶往;促使 20.pass away
去世
pass by
经过
pass through
经历
pass over
忽视 21.pay back
还钱;报复
pay for
付钱;为……受到惩罚;因……得到报应
pay off
还清 22.pick up拾起;获得(information);接人;收听;自然习
得(language/knowledge);恢复;重获(health)
pick out
挑选;辨认出
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