必修一 Unit 3 Looking good , feeling good
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.(2010·东北三校模拟)—Have you heard that he was admitted into Beijing University？
—Is that true？I'm glad that his efforts at last .
A.worked outB.paid off
C.turned out
D.paid for
解析：考查动词短语。句意：“你听说他被北京大学录取了吗？”“真的吗？我很高兴他的努力最终有了回报。”pay off“得到回报，还清，偿清”；work out“计算出，解决，制订出”；turn out“结果是，证明是”；pay for“付款”。
答案：B
2.(2010·陕西西安统考)“It is not what you know but who you know that if you want to find a job in this company.”he said angrily.
A.depends
B.counts
C.relies
D.attracts
解析：考查动词辨析。句意：他愤怒地说：“如果想要在这家公司找工作，重要的不是你懂什么，而是你认识哪个人！”count“有价值，重要”。
答案：B
3.The clouds are gathering quickly.If you must go there，you'll riskcaught in the rain.
A.to get
B.getting
C.to be got
D.being got
解析：risk doing sth.“冒着……危险”。get caught in“遇上……”，是固定短语。
答案：B
4.He70 kilos.He has put on a lot ofsince he gave up smoking.
A.weighty；weight
B.weighs；weight
C.weighs；weighty
D.weight；weight
解析：句意：他体重为70公斤。他自从戒烟后体重增加了许多。weigh动词，“重……”；weight名词，“重量，分量”；weighty形容词，“重的，沉重的”。put on/gain weight“增加体重，长胖”。
答案：B
5.(2010·浙江杭州统考)This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months，but it will disappear .
A.in no time
B.on the time
C.at a time
D.at one time
解析：考查介词短语。in no time“立即，马上”；at a time“每次”；at one time“曾经”。
答案：A
6.My brother is tall.The little bed won'tfor him.
A.match
B.prepare
C.fit
D.do
解析：句意：我哥个子高，这小床对他来说不适合。match vt.“相配，配得上，比得上”。如选prepare，语态应用被动。学生易误选C项，显然是受了短语be fit for“对……适合，胜任……”的影响，要么won't后加be，要么去掉for。do这里是be all right“可以，好，适合”等意思，所以选D项。
答案：D
7.(2010·天津河东统考)The driver who died in the accident could have ，but he was sent to hospital too late.
A.cured
B.recovered
C.survived
D.rescued
解析：句意：死于意外事故的司机本来可以活下来，但是他被送到医院太晚了。由题意可知选C项。survive“幸存，活下来”。cure“治愈”；recover“恢复”；rescue“营救”。
答案：C
8.Although many Americans move a lot，they still each other's dialects.
A.recognise
B.know
C.meet
D.match
解析：句意：虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别彼此的方言。recognise“认出，辨出”。
答案：A
9.Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their，some people drink alcohol.
A.tempers
B.moods
C.consciousness
D.pressures
解析：句意：在城市，生活不容易，为了减压，有些人喝酒。lose one's pressure“减小压力”。A项“脾气”；B项“心情，情绪”；C项“知觉，感觉”。
答案：D
10.After a fire broke out in the house，a lot of modern equipment.
A.is damaged
B.was damaged
C.were damaged
D.damaged
解析：句意：这座房子失火之后，许多现代化设备都损坏了。equipment是不可数名词，和damage之间是被动关系，再根据从句的时态(过去时)判断，应选B项。
答案：B
11.Thirty passengers were hurt，5 children.
A.include
B.contain
C.including
D.containing
解析：句意：三十位乘客受伤，包括五个孩子。根据句子结构，此处不能用谓语形式，所以排除A、B两项。including“包括”，containing“含有”，故选C项。
答案：C
12.Sheme with a difficult question.
A.embarrassed
B.was embarrassed
C.was embarrassing
D.embarrassed by
解析：句意：她出了一个难题为难我。embarrass及物动词，“使……为难，使……尴尬”。如选B项，原句中必须去掉“me”，意义也发生了变化。
答案：A
13.The entire country wasby the drought.
A.effected
B.acted
C.affected
D.afforded
解析：句意：全国都受到了旱灾的影响。此题中需要及物动词的过去分词形式。affect vt.“影响”。effect是名词，意思是“结果、效果、影响”，effect用作动词时，意为“使发生，引起”；act vt.“扮演，演出”；afford是动词，“担负得起……”。
答案：C
14.She decided to hand in the wallet first，and .
A.so did she
B.she did so
C.nor did she
D.nor she did
解析：句意：她决定先将钱包交上去，然后她就这样做了。sb.＋do/did/does so“某人就这样做了”；so＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋sb.“某人也如此”。
答案：B
15.Carol said the work could be done before October， personally I doubt very much.
A.it
B.that
C.when
D.which
解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面说的要在十月前完成工作这件事。
答案：D
.阅读理解
A(2010·浙江六校统考)Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them
deal with their environments better than
others of their kind.This natural biological
process is called adaptation.Among the superior
characteristics developed through adaptation
are those that may help in getting food or shelter，in providing protection，and in producing and protecting the young.That results in the gradual development of more and more organisms (small living things) that are better fitted to their environments.
Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way，but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class (kind).A plant，for example，depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals (无机化学物).It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals.These are general adaptations，common to most plants.In addition，there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.
Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies.Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape，and many look like a leaf or a little branch.The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings.Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.
Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting.They may adapt in their structure，function，and genetics；in their development and production of the young；and in other respects.An organism may create its own environment，as do warmblooded mammals，which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather.Usually adaptations are an advantage，but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that，if conditions change，it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.
语篇解读：本文为我们介绍了动植物在与大自然抗争的过程中如何提高它们的生存能力。再次为我们诠释了“物竞天择，适者生存”的自然规律。
1.Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may.
A.help others of their kind get food，shelter and other things needed
B.survive even in extremely severe conditions
C.become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind
D.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms
解析：细节理解题。由第一段第一句“Certain animals...environments better than others of their kind.”可知答案。
答案：C
2.In the first paragraph，the word “environments” could best be replaced by.
A.contexts
B.surroundings
C.neighbors
D.enemies
解析：细节判断题。根据整篇文章的主旨——动植物对环境的适应以及常识判断，此处是表达动植物发展一种能更好适应周围环境的属性。surroundings“环境”，contexts“(事情发展的)背景，来龙去脉”。
答案：B
3.It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird are colored.
A.to frighten its enemies
B.to attract its enemies
C.to adjust its body heat
D.to match its environment
解析：推理判断题。由第三段第一句“Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies.”以及下面所举的例子可知，鸟的羽毛变色是为了和周围环境的颜色相搭配，以迷惑敌人，保护自己。故选D。
答案：D
4.Which of the following is not directly mentioned？
A.A living thing may adapt in its structure.
B.An organism may adapt in its function.
C.A living creature may adapt in its genetic makeup.
D.A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.
解析：细节判断题。由文章最后一段可以找到和A、B、C相关的信息，文章里没有和D相关的信息。
答案：D
B
Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you，specifically，what the values are which Americans live by.They have never given the matter any thought.
Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States.This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors.I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most (but not all) Americans，and that understanding these values can help you，the international visitor，understand Americans.
It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans，they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions—actions which might otherwise appear “strange”，“confusing”，or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective (aspect) of the foreigner's own society and its values.
The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs，assumptions and values of that particular group.When you encounter (meet) an action，or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you，try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.
语篇解读：本文是为一本介绍美国人的价值观的小册子所写的序。在文中作者告诉我们美国人对价值观的认识、小册子的内容以及了解美国人价值观的必要性。
5.An ordinary American can't tell you his/her value system because.
A.this is something an American lives by
B.everyone will have his/her own system
C.he/she has never thought about it
D.values are something often in their thought
解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句“They have never given the matter any thought.”可知答案。
答案：C
6.The author lists 13 values in his booklet to.
A.invite foreigners to visit America
B.look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors
C.describe the confusing actions of most Americans
D.help international visitors understand Americans
解析：细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话“...understanding these values can help you，the international visitor，understand Americans.”可找出答案。
答案：D
7.The underlined word “ingrained” in Line 2，Paragraph 3 most probably means.
A.rooted in the minds
B.found in the grains
C.planted for food
D.prepared with grain
解析：推理判断题。由第三段“...，they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions...”可知该词是指长期以来所具有的、能体现美国人特点的含义。所以A比较接近这个语境。而B、C、D是从单词本身的grain来解释的，不符合语境。
答案：A
8.Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange，confusing or unbelievable way，probably because.
A.Americans are hard to understand
B.Americans have values which are entirely different from their own
C.they view Americans according to the values in their own society
D.it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them
解析：细节判断题。由第三段最后一句可知，如果根据外国人自己的社会和价值观来评定美国人的行为，就感觉是“奇怪的”、“令人迷惑的”、“难以置信的”故选C。
答案：C