高中英语 语法精讲(Unit13 Healthy eating)人教版-查字典英语网
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高中英语 语法精讲(Unit13 Healthy eating)人教版

发布时间:2017-02-09  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  语法精讲Modal Verbs(1)情态动词—had better,should,ought to

  1.had better

  1)had better无人称和数的变化,后接不带to的动词不定式,表“义务”或“建议”,语气比should 或ought to更委婉。常译作“最好……”“还是……好”等,可用于第一、二、三人称。否定式为had better no...,疑问式为Had I/you better...?否定疑问式为Had+sb.+better not...?或Hadn’t+sb.+better...?

  We/You/He had better write it down.

  我们/你/他最好把它记下来。

  You had better not ask her about it.

  你最好不要问她那件事。

  —Had you

  better go at once?

  —Yes,we had better.

  No,we’d better not.

  2)had better的祈使句形式为Better do sth.。

  Better get up at once.

  你最好立刻起床。

  3)had better have done sth.用于事后的建议,含轻微责备的口吻,意为“当时最好做了某事”,其否定式had better not have done表达相反的含义。

  You had better have started earlier.

  你当时最好早点出发。

  You had better not have scolded her.

  你当时没责备她就好了。 

  2.should

  1)表示出于职责、义务该做某事

  You should write to your parents once a month.

  你应该每月给你父母亲写一封信。

  2)表示对某种情况的估计,极有可能发生

  This book should be published in two months.

  这本书两个月后就会出版的。

  3)表示惊讶、失望等情绪

  It seems so unfair that this should happen to me.

  这件事竟然发生在我身上,似乎太不公平了。

  4)should have done表示对过去的虚拟“本来应该做而没做……”。

  You should have worked harder in senior middle school.

  在高中的时候你本来应该更努力地学习。

  3.ought to

  1)ought to无人称和时态的变化,可表示义务、要求或劝告,常译作“应该”“应当”等,语气比should稍重些,常表示客观情况,否定式为ought not to(oughtn’t to),疑问式为Ought I/you to,...?

  We ought to study hard for the sake of our motherland.我们应该为了我们的祖国而努力学习。

  Oughtn’t you to give us a chance to try?

  你难道不应该给我们一个尝试的机会吗?

  2)表示极有可能发生某事

  Make your enemy your friend.化敌为友。

  If we set off right now,we ought to be able to get there on time.

  如果我们马上出发,我们应当能够按时到达那里。

  【考例1】2006四川高考,34—Do you mind my smoking here?

  —___________.

  A.No,thanks

  B.No.Good idea

  C.Yes,please

  D.Yes.Better not

  解析:A、B、C三项答语都自相矛盾,题意为:“你介意我在这儿吸烟吗?”“是的(我介意),你最好别吸。”

  答案:D

  【考例2】—_________ I go home now,sir?

  —No,you _________.You should finish the composition first.

  A.Might;wouldn’t

  B.May;had better not

  C.Must;mustn’t

  D.Need;mustn’t

  解析:may的一般疑问句形式,根据句子的意义,否定回答可使用had better not。

  答案:B

  【考例3】(2006江苏高考,21)—I think I’ll give Bob a ring.

  —You _________.You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.

  A.will

  B.may

  C.have to 

  D.should

  解析:should意为“应该”,多表示某事宜做,应当做或必须做,强调主观方面。根据所提供的情景可判断出由于多年没有联系,应该给Bob打电话。will意为“将”;may意为“可以”;have to意为“不得不”,表示因客观原因不得不做某事。

  答案:D

  【考例4】(2006南京一模)Well,I could never imagine an honest boy like John _________ cheat in the exam!

  A.would

  B.should

  C.could

  D.might

  解析:考查情态动词的用法。should与第三人称连用,表示吃惊、愤怒、失望等语气。

  答案:B

  【考例5】(2006重庆一模)—There is a lot of smoke coming out of the teaching-building there.

  —Really?It ________ be a fire,most probably.

  A.can

  B.ought to 

  C.have to 

  D.must

  解析:考查情态动词。由most probably 可知说话人的话气并不非常肯定,所以用ought to表示推测,语气比must弱一些,给自己留有一些余地。

  答案:B

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