语法精讲The -ing Form(1)—used as Attribute and Object Complement
动词-ing形式(1)——作定语和宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作定语
1.动名词作定语，说明被修饰词的性质和用途。
He has a reading room.
他有一个阅览室。
2.现在分词作定语，单个的放在所修饰名词前，分词短语放在所修饰名词后，其被动式一般只作后置定语。
This is a most interesting book.
Tell the boys playing there not to make any noise.
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed now.
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
1.现在分词作宾补常用于下列动词之后：see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice,catch,leave,get等，表示动作正在进行，还没有结束；或者表示使一直处于某种状态/使一直做某事。
注意：当句子变成被动语态时，仍用现在分词，只是原来的宾补变成了主补。
We had the fire burning all night.
我们整夜都点着火。
He left,leaving the machine running.
他走了，机器却一直在转着。
I heard someone knocking at the door.Go and see who it was.
我听见有人在敲门，去看看是谁。
Tom was caught smoking in the workshop and was dismissed.
汤姆在车间抽烟的时候被发现，然后被解雇了。
2.现在分词还经常用于“with结构”中，充当with的宾语补足语。
With the old man leading the way,we had no trouble finding his house.
由那位老人带路，我们毫不费力地找到了他的家。
【考例1】(2006湖南高考，21)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
A.covering
B.covered
C.cover
D.to cover
解析:本题考查非谓语动词作定语。因blanket与cover之间是主谓关系，因此应用现在分词作定语。答案:A
【考例2】(2006四川高考，27)—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes,I’ve never been to ________ one before.
A. a more excited
B.the most excited
C.a more excitingD.the most exciting
解析:“否定词+比较级”表达最高级意义，“我以前从没有参加过比这更好的派对(这是我参加过的最好的派对)”。
答案:C
【考例3】The cook was fired immediately when he was found ________ in the kitchen.
A.smoke
B.smoking
C.to smoke
D.smoked
解析:选项在句中作主语补足语，且与主语之间为主动关系，故应使用动词-ing形式。
答案:B
【考例4】The students completed their task in advance with the expert ________ them.
A.help
B.helps
C.helped
D.helping
解析:选项在句中充当with的宾语补足语，与宾语expert之间为主动关系，故应使用现在分词。
答案:D