1.(2011年高考大纲全国卷)Mary,I ________John of his promise to help you.
A.told B.reminded
C.warned
D.advised
解析:句意:玛丽,我提醒了约翰他要帮你的诺言。本题考查动词短语搭配。remind sb.of sth.“使某人想起某事或提醒某人做某事”,符合语境,故B项为正确答案。warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事;advise sb.of sth.“通知/(正式)告知某人某事”,相当于tell sb.about sth.。
答案:B
2.(2011年高考山东卷)They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic.
A.put off
B.speed up
C.turn on
D.work out
open开设;enter进入;order命令。根据句意可确定选B项。
答案:B
4.(2011年高考天津卷)She________an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A.turned down
B.dealt with
C.took after
D.came across
解析:句意:昨天她在百货商店购物时偶遇了一位老朋友。turn down 调低,拒绝;deal with 处理,对付;take after与……相像;come across 偶然碰到。根据句意可确定选D项。
答案:D
5.(2011年高考江西卷)You can't predict everything.Often things don't________as you expect.
A.run out
B.break out
C.work out
D .put out
解析:句意:你不能预料一切,事情常常不按你预期的那样发展。run out用完,用尽;break
[典例1] (2011年高考湖北卷)Knowledge and learning are important if we want tobe successful,but they may also________ our thinking.
Adirect
B.limit
C.change
D.improve
[解析] 句意:我们要想成功,知识和学习是很重要的,但它们也可能会限制我们的思考。direct指导;limit限制;change改变;improve改进。由but可知,前后在意义上是转折关系,故选B项。
[答案] B
[典例2] (2011年高考湖北卷)The minister said,“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties,but we'll never________with criminals.”
A.negotiate
B.quarrel
C.argue
D.consult
[解析] 句意:首相说:“我们准备和任何合法政党展开讨论,但决不会与罪犯谈判。”negotiate谈判;quarrel争吵;argue辩论;consult咨询。根据句意知应选A项。
[答案] A
点金
掌握下列几组常见的动词词义辨析
1.include,contain:include“包括”,侧重指作为整体的一部分或要素;contain“包含”,侧重包含的内容或成分,一般描述人或事物的自然属性与特点。
2.hurt,wound,injure,destroy:hurt是表示“伤害”的一般用法,既可指对肉体的伤害,也可指对情感的伤害;wound常指外伤,尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害;injure一prize,medal,love, respect,battle等名词。
二、动词的固定搭配及辨析
1.agree的常见搭配:
agree with表示“同意某人意见”,一般后接人或表示“意见,看法”的词;还可用物作主语,表示“与……一致”或“(食物、气候等)适合……”。
agree to表示“就某事达成一致”,后接表示“计划,安排,建议”等的词。
agree on主要表示“对……取得一致意见”,其主语一般是协商一件事的人或单位,后面常接表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动等名词。
2.break的常见搭配:
break away from逃脱,逃离,挣脱
break down抛锚,坏了,破裂,中断,分解
break in闯入,插话
break out(战争、火灾、争吵等)爆发
break off突然中断,解除
break through突破,突围,克服
break up破碎,垮掉,拆散
3.go的常见搭配:
go about sth.从事,忙于
go after追求
go ahead向前走,请干某事
go in for喜欢,从事
go over复习
go off(灯光)熄灭
go through经历,仔细检查,审查,用完
4.get的常见搭配:
get about各处走动,传播
get across被传达,被理解
get along/on(with)与……和睦相处,关系良好
get down记下,写下,使沮丧
get down to开始做
get in收割,收集,购买,设法做
get over克服,解决
get out泄露,外出
get through耗尽,完成,顺利通过(考试等)
get together聚集,开会
5.keep的常见搭配:
keep back抑制感情等的流露,保存
keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人干某事
keep in touch with与……保持联系
keep off(使)避开,(使)不发生
keep out of使……不进入,不惹(麻烦)
keep up with跟上,不落后
keep fit保持身体健康
keep a secret保守秘密
6.look的常见搭配:
look after照顾,对……负责
look back回忆,回顾
look down on/upon轻视,瞧不起
look for期望,期待
look forward to盼望,期待
look into调查,审查
look out当心,留神
look over查看,检查
look through浏览,快速查看
look up查阅,查检
7.make的常见搭配:
make sense有意义,讲得通
make sense of弄懂
make a difference有作用
make a decision作出决定
make a plan制订计划
make a discovery有发现
make a contribution作贡献
make an achievement取得成就
8.put的常见搭配:
put aside忽视,忘记
put away将……收起,攒钱
put forward推荐,将……提前
put in安装,插入,打断
put off推迟,取消
put on穿,戴,上演
put out熄灭,生产,出版
put up提升,张贴,提出(意见等)
put up with忍受,容忍
put through给……接通(电话),完成
9.set的常见搭配:
set about doing sth.开始干某事
set aside把……放一边
set sb.free释放某人
set fire to放火烧
set sth.on fire放火烧
set up搭起,建立
set out to do sth.开始干某事
set off/out动身,出发
10.take的常见搭配:
take away消除
take in欺骗,收留,包含,包括
take out除去……,领取
take on雇用,承担(工作、责任),呈现
take over继承,接收,接管(工作)
take off脱掉,取下,起飞
[答案] A
[典例4] (2011年高考浙江卷)The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to ________ it.
A.make the best of B.get away from
C.keep an eye on
D.catch up with
[解析] 句意:这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校,但是我想我正好要充分利用它。make the best of 充分利用;get away from 逃离;keep an eye on 照看,留神;catch up with 赶上。结合句意可知A项合适。
[答案] A
高分秘笈
accustom oneself to使习惯于
commit oneself to承诺
concern oneself with关心
deceive oneself自欺
devote oneself to献身于
dress oneself给自己穿衣服
feel oneself感到有精神
help oneself to自行取用
lose oneself in全神贯注于……之中
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