联合并列句主要由and, not only…but also…(不但……而且……), when(＝ and just at this time就在这时)等连词连接。 【考点4】因果并列句
It must have rained last night, ______ the ground is wet this morning.
A. because
B. since
C. as
D. for
D 表示对前一分句的内容加以推断性的原因，用for。
主要由for(因为), so(因此)等连词连接。 【考点4】否定句后面的反意问句
He had little idea that it was getting so serious, ______？
A. didn't he
B. did he
C. wasn't it
D. was it
B 陈述句是含有否定词little的否定句，反意问句用肯定形式。
1. 前面的陈述部分有半否定词hardly, rarely, scarcely, few, little, seldom等时，反意问句用肯定形式。
2. 陈述部分虽有否定前(后)缀词(如： dis， in， un， less)时，反意问句仍要用否定形式。 【考点5】祈使句后面的反意问句
Lily, help me put up the picture on the wall, ______？
A. will you
B. don't you
C. are you
D. didn't you
A 陈述句是肯定祈使句，反问部分用will you。
1. Let's开头(包括听话者), 反意问句用shall we；Let us开头(不包括听话者), 反意问句用will you。
2. 其他形式的肯定祈使句后面，一般用will you。 【考点6】情态动词后面的反意问句
— I think it's high time that she made up her mind.
— The police must have known all about this, ______？
A. mustn't they
B. haven't they
C. mustn't it
D. hasn't it
B 陈述部分用“must(may，might)＋v.ed”表示推测时，若句中不带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词应该与must(may, might)后的动词形式保持一致。
情态动词用于推测，后面的反意问句的谓语一般要与情态动词后面的动词相一致。 【考点7】have后面的反意问句
It's seven o'clock now. We have to leave for the cinema, ______？
A. haven't we
B. don't we
C. isn't it
D. wasn't it 答案：B
1. have表“有”时，后面的反意问句的谓语可用have或do的适当形式。
2. have表“让、吃、患”等意思时，后面的反意问句的谓语用do的适当形式。
3. have to表“不得不”时，后面的反意问句的谓语要用do的适当形式。
4. have ＋ done构成完成时时，后面的反意问句的谓语要用have的适当形式。
C 在there be句型中，反意疑问句的主语用there, 反意疑问句谓语部分视具体的助动词、情态动词或系动词而定。
It's the first time that he has been to Australia, ______.
A. isn't he
B. hasn't he
C. isn't it
D. hasn't it
C 由句型it's the first time that ＋从句可知，主语是it, be是is。因此用isn't it。
— Alice, you feed the bird today, ______？
— But I fed it yesterday.
A. do you
B. will you
C. didn't you
D. don't you
B Alice 为称呼语， 后接一个祈使句。因此用will you。
1. 陈述部分是There be结构时，反意问句的主语用there来充当。
2. I wish表示愿望，后面的反意问句常用may I。
3. I'm 开头，后面的反意问句常用aren't I。
4. 以So, Oh开头的句子，若是肯定句，其后的反意问句也用肯定；若是否定句，其后的反意问句也用否定。
We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ______， in fact, there were 40.
A. while
B. whether
C. what
D. which
并列句 【考点1】转折并列句
A 分析两句的关系可知应该用表示对比的连词while。
Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.
A. so
B. and
C. but
D. that
C but 放在表示歉意的话之后，只起连接作用； but 的语意非常丰富，用法灵活多变。随着高考语境性意义的加强， but 出现的频率也越来越高，因为它在试题中对正确答案的选择起着重要的制约作用。下面是 but 的一些基本用法。
1. but 用作并列连词，意为“但是”，“然而”，表示转折意义。
Rick made some more records, but he wasn't as popular as he had been before.
此时要注意 but 与 however 的区别。 however 表示“可是”，“但是”的意义时，常用作副词，可以放在句首、句中、句尾，并常用逗号将它与句子分开。
However，he didn't realize his dream in the end.
2. but 可置于表示歉意的话(如 Excuse me 或 I'm sorry )之后，提出请求或说出可能触犯对方的话，它没有实际意义，只起连接作用，可以省去。
I am sorry, but I don't think I know you.
3. 转折并列句主要由but(但是), yet(可是), while(而，却)等连词连接。
【考点2】选择并列句
Bring the flowers into a warm room ______ they'll soon open. (2011·辽宁卷)
A. or
B. and
C. but
D. for
B and表并列关系。此句考查句型：祈使句＋and ＋陈述句。
主要由or(或者，还是，否则), either…or…(不是……就是……), neither…nor…(既不……也不……), otherwise(要不然)等连词连接。 【考点3】联合并列句
______， and I'll get the work finished.
A. Have one more hour
B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour
D. If I have one more hour
B 从句子结构上看， and连接了两个分句， 两句间存在着一种顺承关系， 其中前一分句为不完整句子，即一个名词短语，表示一种条件或假设，相当于： if条件状语从句，该句相当于： If I am given one more hour, I'll get the work finished. 后一分句表示一种结果或推论。
1．句型中陈述句的时态或语气决定着祈使句表示的条件性质
①当陈述句是一般将来时或一般现在时的时候， 祈使句是真实条件句。
Follow the advice of the doctor, and you'll be well very soon.
Work hard, and you can make rapid progress in your study.
②当陈述句的谓语动词是would / should / could / might ＋ 动词原形或完成体时，祈使句表示非真实条件句。
Come tomorrow and I would tell you everything.
2．“祈使句 ＋ and ＋ 陈述句”句型的三种变化形式
①“祈使句 ＋ 破折号 ＋ 陈述句”
Try some of this juice — perhaps you'll like it.
②“名词词组 ＋ and ＋ 陈述句”
名词词组中通常含有more, another, further, earlier等词。
It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.
A few minutes earlier, and I could have seen the famous scientist.
③“祈使句 ＋ or ＋ 陈述句”
or表示“否则”、“要不然的话”， or可用or else或otherwise替换， 从反面来预测结果。
Watch your step, or else you might fall into the water.
Do as you're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.
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简单句与并列句 二
I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ______？ (2011·重庆卷)
A. could he
B. didn't I
C. didn't you
D. could they
B 考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为肯定，故附加部分为否定，所以选择B。
思路点拨 一、祈使句 ______ the milk and set a good example to the other children.
A. Drink
B. To think
C. Drinking
D. Having drinking 简单句
简单句所涉及的考点主要包括祈使句、感叹句和反意疑问句三个方面。
A 填空句为祈使句。注意句中的并列连词and。
1. 祈使句主要用于请求，发出邀请，给予指示、忠告或警告，也可用于发出命令等。
2. 祈使句的特点是：一般不出现主语(you), 但有时为了指明向谁发出请求或命令，也可以说出主语；谓语动词一律用原形；否定式一律在动词前面加don't。
二、感叹句 ______ she sings! I have never heard a better voice.
A. How beautiful
B. What beautiful song
C. How beautifully
D. So wonderful
C 此为“how＋副词＋主语＋谓语”形式的感叹句。
感叹句的基本结构特点是：
What ＋ a(n) (＋ adj.) ＋ 单数可数名词(＋ 主语＋ 动词)!
What ＋ adj. ＋ 不可数名词或复数可数名词！
How ＋ adj. /adv. (＋ 主语 ＋ 动词)!
How ＋ adj. ＋ a(n) ＋ 单数可数名词(＋ 主语＋ 动词)! 【考点1】主从复合句后面的反意问句
I don't suppose our team might have been beaten by theirs last night, ______？
A. do I
B. might it
C. hasn't it
D. was it 三、反意疑问句
D 陈述部分有I don't suppose时，反意问句应与其后的宾语从句的主谓一致，本句的非推测句为： I don't suppose our team was beaten by theirs last night, 反意问句便是： was it。
如果陈述部分是主从复合句，后面的反意问句通常与主句的主谓一致。如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess, expect等，后面的反意问句要注意三种情况：
1. 如果主语是第一人称I, 后面的反意问句需与从句的主谓一致。
2. 如果主句的主语是其他人称，则后面的反意问句常需与主句的主谓一致。
3. 如果主句的动词是否定式，后面的反意问句要用肯定式。 【考点2】强调结构后面的反意问句
It was at the gate that you met her, ______？
A. wasn't it
B. was it
C. didn't you
D. did you
A 强调结构“It is / was＋被强调部分＋that …”后的反意问句需与It is / was一致。
强调结构“It is / was＋被强调部分＋that …”后的反意问句需与that前面的主谓一致。 【考点3】并列句后面的反意问句
The man works hard and he is the best worker in his factory, ______？
A. does he
B. doesn't he
C. is he
D. isn't he
D 两个并列句后面的反意问句的主谓一般需与后一个分句的主谓一致。
两个并列句(常见的连词有： or, and, but, while, for等)后面的反意问句的主谓一般需与距离它近的那个分句的主谓一致。