他已经不是以前的那个样子了。
what表示“……的人或……的样子”＝ the man that。
我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。
what表示“……的数量或数目”＝the amount that。 2. He is no longer what he was.
3. Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.
9 名词性从句中连接词what用法有哪些？ 4. After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
5. In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America.
9 名词性从句中连接词what用法有哪些？ 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 what表示“……的时间”＝the time that。
1492年哥伦布到达了现在称作美洲大陆的地方。 what表示“……的地方”＝ the place that。 9
what含义上相当于汉语的“所”字结构或“的”字结构，表达人或物(含时间，地点，数目等)，相当于定语从句中“先行词＋关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词。
翻译下列句子，比较what，whatever，whichever，whoever, whomever引导的从句的类别 1. These wild flowers are so special that I would do whatever I can to save them.
这些野花如此不同寻常我要竭尽全力(做任何我能做的)来拯救它们。宾语从句。
10 名词性从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？ 10 名词性从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？ 2. These wild flowers are so special that I would do what I can to save them.
3. Read what book you like.
这些野花如此不同寻常我要做力所能及的事(做我能做的)来拯救它们。宾语从句。
喜欢读什么书就读什么书。宾语从句。 10 名词性从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？ 4. Don't trust him, whatever he says.
5. I can do whatever work I can find.
无论他说什么，都别信。状语从句。
我可以做我能找到的任何工作。 宾语从句。
6. Whatever difficulties we meet, we can work them out.
7. You should wear whichever dress suits you best. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都能解决它们。
状语从句。
什么衣服最适合你穿，你就应该穿什么。
宾语从句。 10 名词性从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？ 10 名词性从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？ 8. There are so many jackets here.Choose whichever you like.
9. Whoever does it, it should be well done. 这儿有如此多的夹克衫，喜欢哪件就选哪件吧。 宾语从句。
无论谁做这件事，都要做好它。状语从句。 10. Give the book to whoever needs it.
11. Whomever you like, do make sure he is honest. 10 名词性从句中连接词疑问词(ever)用法有哪些？ 把这本书给任何一个需要它的人。宾语从句。 无论你喜欢谁，要保证他是诚实的。状语从句。 12. I always give whomever I invite a warm welcome. 我总是非常热情地欢迎我所邀请的任何人。 宾语从句。
1. whatever 可以单独作引导词，引导名词性从句或状语从句，也可与名词一起引导名词性从句或状语从句；
2. what
可以单独作引导词，也可接名词一起引导名词性从句；
3. whichever可以单独作引导词，也可接名词一起引导名词性从句或状语从句；
4. whoever 引导名词性从句或状语从句； 10
5. whomever引导名词性从句或状语从句，此时它在从句中作宾语，可以用whoever代替；
由此可见，what只能引导名词性从句，而whatever，whichever，whoever, whomever 既可以引导名词性从句又可以引导状语从句；whoever, whomever是纯粹引导词，直接引导从句，而what，whatever，whichever 可充当形容词后接名词，此时与后面的名词连用一起引导从句。 10 用所给动词的适当形式完成句子 1. I believe nobody_______(live) here. 2. Mother said that honest _______(be) the best policy. 3. Mother told me that the key ______(lie) in the smallest drawer. 3 名词性从句与主句的时态有何联系？ 答案 1. lives/lived/ has lived/ is living 2. is
3. lay 3 名词性从句与主句的时态有何联系？ 4. The police found the safe______(unlock) by the thief. 答案 had been unlocked (如填unlocked则理解为宾补) 用所给动词的适当形式完成句子 3
当主句为一般现在时，从句可以灵活使用各种时态，此时主从句时态重在逻辑上的一致性。当主句为一般过去时，从句只能使用过去的某种时态，此时主从句时态重在形式上的一致性，但如果从句表达客观真理时，从句时态仍然用一般现在时。
Can we drink water before the medical examination? 一般疑问句语序。
I don't know if /whether we can drink water before the medical examination. 引导词后为陈述语序。 翻译下列句子，注意每组句子的语序特点 1. (1)体检前我们可以喝水吗？
(2)我不知道体检前我们是否可以喝水。
4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？
Does this nation like swimming or horseriding？选择疑问句语序。
The question of the interviewer is whether this nation likes swimming or horseriding. 引导词后为陈述语序。 4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？
2. (1)这个民族喜欢游泳还是射箭？
(2)考官的问题是这个民族喜欢游泳还是射箭。
Why should we learn English well? 特殊疑问句语序。
Why we should learn English well doesn't need any further explanation.引导词后为陈述语序。 4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？
3. (1)我们为什么应该学好英语？
(2)我们为什么应该学好英语不需要进一步解释。 4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？ 4. (1)访问团什么时候出发？
(2)访问团什么时候出发还没决定。
When will the visiting group set out？特殊疑问句语序。
When the visiting group will set out hasn't been decided yet.引导词后为陈述语序。 4 名词性从句的语序有何特点？ 5. (1)你怎么啦？
(2)告诉我你怎么啦。
What's the matter with you？疑问词作主语的特殊疑问句语序，此时与陈述语序相同。
Tell me what is the matter with you.(疑问词作主语)陈述语序。 4
名词性从句使用陈述语序。
5 同位语从句与定语从句有何区别？
翻译下列句子，判断画线部分从句类型，并简述理由 1. The news that our team has won the game is true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。句中从句为同位语从句，从句是说明news到底是一个什么消息，即表达其具体内容。
2. The news that he told me yesterday is true.
5 同位语从句与定语从句有何区别？
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。句中从句为定语从句，从句只对news进行限制，起修饰作用。 5 同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有三方面：
1. 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词主要是idea，fact，news，hope，belief，suggestion，proposal，word，thought，doubt，truth，possibility，promise，order等名词。而定语从句的先行词可以是任何名词，甚至部分代词，主句的一部分或是整个主句，定语从句的先行词逻辑关系上在从句中充当一定成分，同位语从句的名词在从句中不充当任何成分。 5 同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有三方面：
2. 从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句表达前面抽象名词的具体内容，属于名词性从句的范畴，从句与前面的名词是对等关系，可以在彼此间加上连系动词be(是)。 5 同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有三方面：
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
(1)有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。 5 同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有三方面：
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
(2)引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语，表语或宾语[指物时还可以用which代替；指人时还可以用who(m)代替]，并且作宾语时常常省略。that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成分，并且不能省略，也不能用其他词语代替。
翻译下列句子，判断画线部分从句中哪些是主语从句，并简述理由 1. It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.
2. It happened
hat nobody was on wattch when the electricity was cut off.
6 主语从句与强调句型有何区别？ 你没去看这场电影太遗憾了。
停电时刚好没人值班。
凶案是在拂晓时发生的。
我们唤醒自我保护意识是很重要的。
6 主语从句与强调句型有何区别？ 3. It is at dawn that the murder took place.
4. It is important that we should arouse the
awareness of selfprotection. 5. It occurred to me that he had informed me of the dos and don'ts in the examination. 我突然想起他已经告诉过我考试的注意事项。
6 主语从句与强调句型有何区别？ 6 主语从句与强调句型有何区别？ 答案
画线部分为主语从句的句子为：1,2,4,5。
共同特点是，从逻辑角度，句中it均可用that从句代替。改写后的句子结构完整，句子意思通顺。含有it作形式主语，而that从句作真正主语的句子中，使用it主要为平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，而在强调句型用法中，it无实际含义，纯为固定结构用词。 6 主语从句与强调句型的区别
1．主语从句中的it可以用that从句代替，强调句型不可以。如：It is necessary that we should attend the meeting on time.＝That we should attend the meeting is necessary. 6
2．强调句型中It is/was和that之间的部分叫被强调部分，当把It is/was和that三个单词去掉时，被强调部分可以还原到句子适当位置，而在含有主语从句的句子中It is/was和that之间的部分叫表语，不可
置于其他位置。 用whether 或if填空 1. __________ the meeting will be held in the meeting room or in the open is not known to us.
2. The problem is ________the students can understand the teacher speaking English all through the class. 7 怎么区别名词性从句中的whether 和if? Whether
whether 3. Their doubt __________China's economy will keep advancing at high speed is worth considering.
4. _________ my lecture will be wellreceived, I don't know. 5. The decision depends on _________ we can collect enough money 6. I do care _______ or not the assessment is objective. whether whether
7 怎么区别名词性从句中的whether 和if? Whether
whether
7. If you don't know________ your colleague is reliable or not, try to believe in him or her first. 8. Tell me ______ this is the shortest way to the hotel. 7 怎么区别名词性从句中的whether 和if? 答案 7. whether / if
8. whether / if 7
在名词性从句中whether 和if 含义均为“是否”，但用法有区别，主要区别如下：
1．主语从句只能用whether引导；
2．表语从句只能用whether引导；
3．同位语从句只能用whether引导；
4．位于句首引导主语从句只能用whether； 7
5．作介词的宾语只能用whether引导；
6．和or not连在一起时只能用whether引导；
7．和or not隔开使用时既可用whether也可用if引导；
8． 一般情况下，宾语从句既可用whether也可用if引导。 翻译下列句子，指出句中that是否可以省略 1. That money has no smell is accepted by average people.
一般的人都认为钱没有好坏之分。that不可以省略。 8 名词性从句中引导词that省略的情况有哪些？ 8 名词性从句中引导词that省略的情况有哪些？ 2. The possibility is that one out of ten can be admitted into key universities.
3. The vast majority of students hold the view that parents should have faith in their children.
可能性是十分之一的人可以上重点大学。
that不可以省略。
大多数学生认为父母应该信任孩子。
that不可以省略。 8 名词性从句中引导词that省略的情况有哪些？ 4. It is amazing that the 160cmtall basketball player should play in NBA.
5. I sincerely hope that you'll make greater progress in your driving.
那个1米60高的篮球运动员竟然打进NBA真不可思议。that不可以省略。
我衷心希望你在驾驶方面进步更大。that可以省略。 8 名词性从句中引导词that省略的情况有哪些？ 6. I promise that I will keep my promise and that if I break my promise, I'd be ready to accept any form of punishment.
7. She may tell you, for example, that she is interested in Chinese.
我承诺我会遵守承诺我也承诺假如我违背诺言，我愿接受任何处罚。第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以省略。
例如，她可能会告诉你，她对汉语感兴趣。that不可以省略。 8 名词性从句中引导词that是否省略的情况如下：
1．that引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时，不可以省略；
2 ．that引导单个宾语从句时，可以省略；
3．that引导两个或两个以上宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，但后面的宾语从句引导词that不可省略；
4．that虽然引导单个宾语从句，但从句前面有插入语时，引导词that不能省略。
他们已经尽力帮助了她。
what表示“……的事情”＝ (all) the things that。
翻译下列句子，指出what 从句具体指代的内容 1. They've done what they can to help her.
9 名词性从句中连接词what用法有哪些？ (2) The town came into ______ as we turned around the corner.
A. being
B. use
C. fashion
D. sight 解析 考查短语语义辨析。语义：拐个弯就能看到，所以答案是D。 D ⑫ come into being
单项填空 (3)After a heated discussion, a new plan came______ being, which would have a great effect ______ the study of the students.
A. into; for
B. to; to
C. from; at
D. into; on 解析 考查短语搭配。根据短语的搭配，come into being和have an effect on, 所以答案是D。 D ⑫ come into being
单项填空 ⑬ incident n.
根据语境猜词义 (1)On the very day, before I left, an incident occurred.
(2)In a recent incident two bombs exploded.
根据语义找匹配 A．事件，发生的事情(可数) B．政治事件，不愉快的情况(可数，不可数) 答案
(1)A
(2)B ⑬ incident n.
单项填空 Please accept my apologies for this unfortunate ______.
A. incident
B. event
C. accident
D. situation 解析
句意：发生了这件不幸的事情请接受我的道歉。 A
⑭There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China. (P30)
当时有许多不同种类的恐龙，其中有很多种类曾经生活在中国。
“There be ＋名词”是英语中最为常用的句式之一，表示“某处存在某物”。在使用中，我们应当注意以下几点：
(1) there be 中的be动词的数的变化要依据“就近原则”，即与它距离最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There is a pen and two pencils in the pencil box.
There are two pencils and a pen in the pencil box.
(2) 由于这一结构中的谓语动词是 be 动词，因 此之后出现的所有动词都是非谓语动词，在使用中， 我们务必注意非谓语动词的运用。 概念 非谓语动 词的形式 与主语 的关系 所发生 的时间 There be＋ 名词＋ 非谓语动词 to do 主动 将来 to be done 被动 doing 主动 正在发生、 一直发生 done 被动 完成
Hurry up! There is no time to go.
You mustn't leave now, because there is a lot of work to be done.
There is a person waiting for you outside.
Hurry up! There is no time left.
(3) there be 结构的非谓语动词形式要依据非谓语动词在句子中的结构确定。
I want there to be a vase in the center of the table.
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
你知道这道题该如何解答吗？ ______， so we had to walk home.
A. There being no bus
B. Being no bus
C. There was no bus
D. No bus 解析 考查了独立主格结构与并列句的关系。当在语句中有并列连词时，这就说明这是一个并列句，前后都是完整的句子，所以本题也就用了There was no bus。如果没有并列连词so，就说明它是独立主格结构，用There being no bus。 C (4) there be结构的时态与情态动词形式
there be结构的时态与情态动词形式是借助时态助动词或“情态动词＋be动词”的正确形式表达。
There is going to be a class meeting in our classroom this afternoon and there may be an important thing to be discussed. (5)there be结构的变体和运用 There happen to be… 碰巧有…… There stand / lie /come/ go / remain/ live… 有…… There seem to be… 似乎有……；好像有…… 温馨提示：
恰当使用there be 结构会给你的书面表达增添灵气，让你的作品更加灵动。
There lies a quiet small stream in the mountain village.
一条小溪静静地躺在山寨里。 (6) 常用句型 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.
没必要做某事 There is no doubt that…
……毋庸置疑 There is no possibility/hope that…
不可能/没有希望…… There is no use/point (in) doing sth. 干……没有用处/意义 There was a time when…
曾几何时……
方法一：有时为了增强意义，使句子更加连贯，结构更加紧凑，语言更加生动，信息更加准确，我们要对简单句进行整合。如果我们把两个或两个以上的简单句由并列连词and, but, or等连在一起，我们就得到并列句。如：
Last year I met Kate. We became friends.
→Last year I met Kate and we became friends.
去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。 The future is bright. The road is tortuous. → The future is bright but the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，但是道路是曲折的。
Put on more clothes. You'll catch a cold.
→ Put on more clothes or you'll catch a cold. 多穿点衣服，否则你会感冒。 School is over. All the teachers are still working. → School is over, yet all the teachers are still working. 学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。
方法二：若在两个或多个简单句之间加上when, after, because, which, who, where, why等从属连词，我们就可以使简单句变成复合句，从而扩展成高级句子。 例1：The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures. They were at the Great Wall. (改为含状语从句的复合句)
→ The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
外国游客在长城上拍了很多照片。 例2：a. The weather turned out to be very good. It was more than we could expect.(改为含定语从句的复合句)
→The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect.
天气转晴了，这是我们没有想到的。 b. The weather turned out to be very good. It was more than we could expect.(改为含名词性从句的复合句)
→It was more than we could expect that the weather turned out to be very good. 按要求完成句子 1. You can have a rest. You can go to the cinema.(合并成一个并列句) 2. We can send emails anywhere at any time. We can get the latest information from the Internet. (合并成一个并列句) You can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.
We can send emails anywhere at any time and we can get the latest information from the Internet.
3. You must tell the truth. You will be punished. (合并成一个并列句) 按要求完成句子 4.
She
has
difficulty
in
learning English. She works hard. She is making rapid progress. (合并成一个并列句) You must tell the truth，or you will be punished.
She has difficulty in learning English, but she works hard and is making rapid progress. 按要求完成句子 5.
The
news
encouraged
us all greatly. Our women volleyball team had won the championship. (改为含名词性从句的复合句)
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 6.
A
man
doesn't
learn
from
others.
A
man
can't achieve much. (改为含定语从句的复合句) 按要求完成句子 7.
The
film had begun. We
got
to the cinema. (改为含状语从句的复合句)
A man who doesn't learn from others can't achieve much. The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 翻译下列句子，说出下列画线部分充当的句子成分 1. Who will be in charge of the general affairs hasn't been decided yet.
1 什么是名词性从句？
谁负责总务尚未决定。
Who will be in charge of the general affairs 在句中作主语。
2. I was told that hot food was well received here.
3. The problem is that all of us lack experience. 我听说辣的食物在这里很受欢迎。 that hot food was well received here在句中作宾语。
问题是我们都缺乏经验。
that all of us lack experience在句中作表语。 1 什么是名词性从句？
4. The news that workers will be better paid next year has spread across the country.
5. I quite agree with what you said at the meeting.
工人明年加薪的消息已传遍这个国家。
that workers will be better paid next year为 The news 的同位语。
我非常同意你在会上说的话。
what you said at the meeting作(agree)with的宾语。
1 什么是名词性从句？ 1
在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
翻译下列句子，并指出名词性从句引导词的含义及在从句中充当的成分
1. The trouble that he has lost her address troubles him a lot.
2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？
他弄丢了她的地址这件麻烦事使他觉得很为难。同位语从句引导词that在从句中无含义，也不充当任何成分。
2. Whether the meeting will be put off remains unknown to us.
3. It is because too much rain has fallen this season.
会议是否推迟我们还不知道。主语从句引导词whether在从句中有含义，意为“是否”，但不充当任何成分。
这是因为这个季节雨水太多。 表语从句引导词because在从句中有含义，意为“因为”，但不充当任何成分。 2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？
能做的都做了。主语从句引导词what在从句中有含义，意为“……的事情”，也充当成分，在从句中作主语。
你知道他那样说的原因吗？ 宾语从句引导词why在从句中有含义，意为“为什么”或“……的原因”，也充当成分，在从句中作原因状语。 2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？
4. What can be done has been done.
5. Do you know why he said that?
6. This is where the Red Army lived.
这是红军住过的地方。表语从句引导词where在从句中有含义，意为“在……地方”或“……的地方”， 也充当成分，在从句中作地点状语。 2 名词性从句的引导词有哪些？ 2 引导名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类
1．本身无意义，在所引导的名词性从句中也不作成分：that。
2．本身有意义，但在所引导的名词性从句中不作成分：whether/if, as if/though，because等。
3．本身有意义，在所引导的名词性从句中也作成分：which，what，who，whom，whoever, whichever，whatever，when，why，where，how等。
单项填空 ⑥ protect…from/against 解析
考查非谓语动词的使用。本题的语义是： 为了使我们的生活更加美好，我们必须采取果断而卓有成效的措施阻止污染。根据语境非谓语动词在本句是目的状语，所以答案是A。本题极容易造成学生们的思维定势而误选B。 ⑦ contain vt.
根据语境猜词义 (1) He opened the bag, which contained a razor, soap, and a towel.
(2) He was so excited he could hardly contain himself.
(3) The bottle contains two litres.
根据语义找匹配 A. 容纳 B. 装有 C. 克制、抑制
B C A 链接 container n. 容器，器皿，集装箱，货柜 contained adj. 从容的，泰然自若的 ⑦ contain vt.
辨析
include/contain/hold
include强调“包括，作为整体的一部分”，侧重范围或整体。其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。include的分词短语常在句中作状语，用于名词前用including，用于名词后用included。
The team is looking strong, especially now they have included Yao Ming. ⑦ contain vt.
辨析
include/contain/hold
contain着重“其中包含有,指在一定范围或容器内容纳某物,侧重包含的内容或成分。其宾语与主语常是同位关系,不用于进行时态。此外,contain还有“控制,克制之意。
hold指“能容纳”。 ⑦ contain vt.
巧记：
A container contains all kinds of fruits, which include pineapples.
contain的宾语与主语不同类。include的宾语与主语是同类之物。fruit与container不同类，用contain。pineapple与fruit是同类之物，所以用include。 ⑦ contain vt.
用include/contain/hold的恰当形式填空 (1) The book __________ ten chapters, __________ American Literature.
(2) This kind of fruit _________ lots of vitamin C and B, vitamin D _________.
(3) The hall________200 people.
⑦ contain vt.
contains including contains included holds ⑦ contain vt.
单项填空 (4)Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ______.
A. collected
B. contained
C. loaded
D. saved 解析
查动词词义辨析。collect收集；load装载；save节省。语义：好奇地想知道书包里装的东西，所以答案是B。 B ⑦ contain vt.
单项填空 (5) — How come a simple meal like this costs so much?
— We have ______in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now.
A. added
B. included
C. contained
D. charged B ⑦ contain vt.
单项填空 解析
考查动词词义辨析。include 使……成为一部分；contain包含，含有； add增加；charge收费。语义：我们包括了你刚才摔碎的杯子的费用，所以答案是B。 ⑦ contain vt.
你会辨别including和included吗？ (1)Ten students will pay a visit to the Science Museum, Tom and John ______.
(2)Ten students will pay a visit to the Science Museum, ______Tom and John. 答案 (1)included
(2)including
根据语境猜词义 (1) Their opinion will not affect my decision.
(2) We are deeply affected by his devotion to work.
⑧ affect vt.
根据语义找匹配 A. 影响 B. 使感动
A B 短语 affect sb. to tears
把某人感动得流泪 be greatly affected
很受感动 be affected by heat
中暑 be affected with high fever
发高烧 ⑧ affect vt. 辨析
affect/effect/influence
affect vt. 表示“影响，(病)侵袭”，多指不好的影响。当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心智上或感情上的影响，即“使……感动”。
effect 表示“影响”时，是名词，指由于某种原因直接产生的结果。
influence多指对人的思想、观念、心理情绪等内在的东西产生潜移默化的影响，或对人的决定、行为等造成某种程度的影响。 ⑧ affect vt.
单项填空 Sichuan Province ______by the earthquake，causing difficulties to the post－festival road transport.
A. were affected
B. was affected
C. had effected
D. has affected 解析
affect 为动词，意思是“影响；感动”；effect为名词，意思是“影响；效果”。按照句意选择B。 B ⑧ affect vt. ⑨ appreciate vt.
根据语境猜词义 (1)His works were not appreciated until after his death. (2) Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer.
(3) I don't think you appreciate the danger of this job.
(4)I appreciated his help when I prepared for the entrance exams.
根据语义找匹配 A. 赏识，鉴赏，重视 B. 充分理解，明白
C. 感激 解析
(1) A (2)A
(3)B
(4)C ⑨ appreciate vt. 句型 appreciate ＋ n. /doing
感激(欣赏；觉得……) appreciate it＋if从句
如果……，将不胜感激 ⑨ appreciate vt. ⑨ appreciate vt. 辨析
appreciate/enjoy
这两个动词均含“欣赏”之意。
appreciate多用于文学方面，强调对事物有深入的理解能力，且能鉴赏。
To appreciate the jokes of crosstalk artists, listeners have to know very well what the comedians are talking about.
⑨ appreciate vt. 辨析
appreciate/enjoy
enjoy普通用词，使用广泛，程度不及appreciate，多指从外界事物中得到喜悦与满足，领略到乐趣，享受意味强。
Now that I am free, I can enjoy music for a while.
单项填空 (1) I would appreciate ______ if you would let me know in advance whether you will be coming or not.
A. that
B. it
C. you
D. this 解析 appreciate其后不接人，排除 D，这里所要感激的事情是 if
you
would
let me know
in advance whether you will be coming or not，为了避免头重脚轻现象，所以用it作为形式宾语。 B ⑨ appreciate vt. (3) I appreciated _____back and greeting that afternoon after our departure.
A. you to call
B. you calling
C. you called
D. you call 解析 考查动词的用法。当appreciate后接非谓语动词时，它只能用 v.-ing 形式，如果非谓语动词有其逻辑主语时，使用n./代词＋ v.-ing 形式，构成动名词的复合结构，所以答案是B。 B
单项填空 ⑨ appreciate vt. ⑩ succeed v.
根据语境猜词义 (1)I am confident you could succeed as a lawyer. (2)At any rate I did not succeed in making myself understood by you.
(3)If the duke has no children, who will succeed to the title?
(4)The hot summer was succeeded by a stormy autumn. ⑩ succeed v.
根据语义找匹配 A．接着是 B．成功 C．接替，继承 答案
(1)B
(2)B
(3)C
(4)A 短语 succeed in doing sth.
成功做某事 succeed to sth.
继承(王位、财产) succeed sb. as
接替某人当…… ⑩ succeed v.
链接 successful adj.
成功的；非常赚钱的；(人)有成就的 success n．
成功；成功的事；取得成就的人 successfully adv.
成功地 ⑩ succeed v.
单项填空 I_______ to get everything ready before the meeting.
A. succeeded
B. forced
C. managed
D. considered 解析 句意：会前我设法做好了一切准备。 C ⑪ employ
v.
根据语境猜词义 (1)The store employed extra workers at Christmas.
(2)She employed all her free time in sewing.
(3)He employed himself by reading after work.
根据语义找匹配 A. 忙于(某事)，从事(某活动) B. 雇用，聘请 C. 利用(时间，精力等) B A C 短语 be employed in
忙于(某事)，从事(某活动)
翻译句子 (1)工作之余，她忙于读书。 ______________________________________ (2)她受雇为程序编制员(programmer)。 __________________________________ She employs herself by reading after work. She was employed as a programmer. ⑪ employ
v. ⑫ come into being
根据语境猜词义 (1) I don't exactly know when the universe came into being.
(2) When did the club come into being?
(3) Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture.
根据语义找匹配 A. 成立 B. 形成 C. 产生
B A C 短语 come into operation
开始运行；生效 come into office
就职 come into power
当权；执政 come into use
投入使用 come into force
生效；实施 ⑫ come into being
短语 come into effect
生效 come into view/ sight
在视野内；看见 come into fashion
开始流行；风靡 come into season
正合时令 ⑫ come into being
单项填空 (1) People in the town will benefit from the law after it ______next month.
A. comes into use
B. comes into power
C. comes into effect
D. comes into being 解析 考查短语语义辨析。come into use投入使用； come into power执政； come into effect生效；come into being产生。根据语境：法律下个月生效，所以答案是C。
C ⑫ come into being
2017届高考英语一轮复习课件 新人教版福建专用 Unit 4 Wildlife protection ① die out
根据语境猜词义 (1) Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date.
(2) Many animals have died out in the past.
(3)The fire is dying out. You'd better add some firewood.
根据语义找匹配 A. 灭绝
B. 熄灭 C. 风俗、习惯逐渐消失 C A B 短语
die from 表示死于(枪)伤、虚弱、过度劳累、饮食过量等。
die of 表示死于疾病、饥饿、寒冷、年老、忧愁、失恋等精神因素。
die out “灭绝，消失”。多指物种的灭绝或风俗、习惯的消失，强调动作的结束。
① die out 短语
die away慢慢消失。(多指声音、光线、风等)逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失。强调过程。
die down (多指火、兴奋、光线、暴风雨等)逐渐变弱、平息，逐渐暗淡，逐渐降低。表示过程，常可与die away 替换。
die off (多指家族、草木等)相继死去，先后死亡。
die for one's country
为国捐躯 ① die out
单项填空 (1) Unfortunately, the soldier died______ a wound in the chess.
A. from
B. out
C. off
D. down 解析 考查die的短语搭配辨析。按照句意此处soldier的死因应该是枪伤，故用die from。 A ① die out
单项填空 (2)Shen Hao died ______ the people, so his death is weightier th