2017届高考英语二轮专题复习导学案资料（九十三）
基础词汇强化练习
1.We know it must be very difficult to a________ to living abroad.
2.There is a c________ in our school， where you can get what you like to eat.
3.Everybody on b________ was attracted by the beautiful countryside.
4.We attended a l__________ given by a famous professor yesterday.
5.The teacher r_________ the book written by Dickens to his students.
6.Whenever she did bad in her tests， her parents would do what they could to c_______ her.
7.As is suggested by the doctors， sweets cannot be the s_________ of cigarette.
8.As far as I am c____________， I am satisfied with your performance.
9.He is always o________ in doing a lot of exercises so as not to have any time to do physical exercise.
10.Because of his hard work， he s_______ in passing the test this time， which made both his teacher and his parents happy.
1.adjust 2.cafeteria 3.board 4.lecture
5.recommended 6.comfort 7.substitute
8.concerned 9.occupied 10.succeeded
书面表达经典句式强化记忆
277. What surprised me is that...令我吃惊的是…….
What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡. [ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的]
278. What will you do if... 如果……,你会做什么?
What will you do if such kind of thing happens to you? 如果你碰到这样的事,你会做什么?
279. What you have to do is... 你必须做的是…….
What you have to do is hand in your composition tomorrow. 你必须做的是明天交作文.
书面表达经典朗读素材
爱在校园(Love on Campus)On campus, lovers can be found here and there. They are very intimate with each other sometimes. Some people think too much intimacy has a bad influence. It takes lovers too much time and energy. Then how about their studies? Furthermore, their intimacy can aisc distract their own as well as other students' attention from study. Campus should be a place for study and should maintain an atmosphere of learning.
On the other hand, other people believe it is OK. Pursuing love is all right to students on campus and intimacy is a natural expression of love. Some scholars of law hold that friendships and appropriate intimacy are an important pard of student development. A sociologist says, "Students' right to self-expression should be respected."
In my opinion, what all people should do is just leave it as it is. University students are adults, and they can handle their own affairs well enough. However, they have to admit that school is a place where people receive an education and their main task is to study. Therefore, students are expected to behave themselves in proper ways.
经典谚语积累
Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.
天才不过是勤奋而已。《高考英语考试大纲》对书面表达题型做出明确要求：
写作是四项语言技能中不可分割的一个重要部分，更是语言生成能力的重要表现形式。该部分要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：
1．根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要
读是辨认和理解书面语言，即辨认文字符号并将文字符号转换为有意义的信息输入的能力；写是运用书面语表达思想、输出信息的能力。考生从所阅读的文章中获取主要信息，并根据文中所提供的文字信息用图表、摘要等形式表达出来，达到读与写的紧密结合。
2．准确使用语法和词汇
语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面，因为它直接或间接地影响到信息的准确传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准中的一项重要内容，拼写和标点符号运用正确与否也会在一定程度上影响考生的成绩。
3．使用一定的句型和词汇来清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思
任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，考生应围绕该主题，借助一些句型、词组等的支持，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。
4．所写短文主题突出、结构完整、逻辑性强
考生应根据文字及图表提供的信息，写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度，文体规范、语句通顺，用词得当。
笔者在多次的高考阅卷中，发现问题最多的就是书面表达，常见的问题总结如下：
问题一：不会审题
【问题描述与分析】
要点齐全是高考书面表达评分标准的基本要求之一。但在考场上，由于担心时间不够、紧张以及不良答题习惯等因素的影响，不少考生答题心切，在没有认真阅读题目要求，没有仔细观察所给的图画、图表等重要信息的情况下就急于作答，结果所写的文章要么遗漏题目要求表达的内容，导致要点不全，有的甚至完全偏离了题目所要求的内容；要么没有根据要求组织材料，导致话说了不少，但仍然缺少要点，详略不分，构思紊乱，结构不清。
【例】 假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech contest), 希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。英语演讲比赛
主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午200—5∶00
地点：501教室
参赛选手：10名学生
联系人：李华(电话44876655)
欢迎大家光临
注意：词数100左右。
Dear Ms. Smith，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________With best wishes，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Ms Smith，
I’m Li Hua. Chair of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15 ’at Room 501. It will start at 2∶00 p．m. and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and the Nature”. We hope you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655. if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
With best wishes.
Li Hua
试题为应用文中的通知，首先要认真审题，根据通知的内容，明确文章的格式、人称、时态。其次需做到要点齐全。包含最重要的信息，如活动目的、时间、地点、参加对象、发布通知的人等。要求开门见山，简明扼要地把出席对象，注意事项和要求写清楚。最后要记住不要包含任何不必要的信息，力求言简意赅。通知中常用的套语有：Attention, please! / Notice is given that.../ Everyone is expected to attend.../ thank you for your attention！等。
内容要点：
1．自我介绍；
2．邀请做评委；
3．演讲比赛通知的具体内容：
演讲主题；
比赛时间；
比赛地点；
参赛选手；
联系方式。]
【解决方案与复习指南】
在审题过程中，除了考虑人称和时态外，更重要的是确定好内容要点，要注意写作要求中的细节内容。假如缺少要点，所得分数就会随之降低。建议考生在审题过程中先在草稿纸上列出需要表达的内容要点，然后仔细对照写作要求，看是否包括了所有的内容要点，最后再考虑下一步的构思。
因此，在构思的过程中，要认真阅读题目要求，明确指出所写材料的目的、对象、时间、地点、内容、长度等。考生可以采取给提示画线的方式，标出要点。如果是图画，则可直接在图画旁边标出简短的词语和短句。这实际上就是已经打了一个简单的草稿。按这个思路写出来的书面表达，一定不会跑题或丢掉要点。同时，在审题时还要注意所写文章的体裁，从而对文章的结构进行合理构思。如：
假设你是李华，于2010年6月3日搭乘国外某航空公司航班(flight number BA793)回国后，发现遗失了一个行李箱(suitcase)。现请用英文给该航空公司写一封信，请他们帮你寻找。
信件要点包括：
·陈述写信原因
·简要描述该行李
·说明其重要性
·期待回复并表示感谢
注意：
1．词数100左右。
2．信件格式已为你给出。
Dear Sir，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Sir，
Today, I’m writing to tell you that I lost a suitcase in flight number BA793 when I was on board on June 3, 2010. Frankly, there are some books that are wanted in reviewing NMET, some cash, a credit card and two bank cards in it. As you know, I’ m a student and I need money to buy something to eat. If I don’t eat something, I have no energy to review lessons. All in the suitcase matters to me, so I would like you to do me a favor to see whether you could find it. Besides, I won’t put my heart to study unless it is found. Thus, I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[试题为应用文中的书信写作，试题只给出写作框架，并未给出所有的具体写作细节，为半开放性写作。写好此文，需注意三点：一是写信格式要准确，信的开头已经给出，但切记要写好信的结尾。二是要详略得当，本文应重点写的是对箱子的描述。三是注意适当地增加细节，恰当地使用连接过渡词，以使行文连贯。]
高考考纲词汇记忆
重点单词
data [ˈdeɪtə, ˈdɑːtə; (US) ˈdætə] n. 资料，
database [ˈdeɪtbeɪs] n. 资料库，
date [deɪt] n. 日期； n.枣
daughter [ˈdɔːtə(r)] n. 女儿
dawn [dɔːn] n. 黎明，
day [deɪ] n.（），（）；
daylight [ˈdeɪlaɪt] n. 日光，；
dead [ded] a. 死的；
deadline [ˈdedlaɪn] n.最后期限，
deaf [def] a. 聋的
deal [diːl] n. 量，；
dear [dɪə(r)] int.（）！！ a. ；
death [deθ] n. 死
debate [dɪˈbeɪt] n. & v.讨论，
debt [det] n. 债务；
decade [ˈdekeɪd] n. 十年期
December [dɪˈsembə(r)] n. 12
decide [dɪˈsaɪd] v. 决定；
decision [dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n] n. 决定；
declare [dɪˈkleə(r)] vt. 声明；
decline [dɪˈklaɪn] v. 减少,下降,衰退,谢绝
decorate [ˈdekəreɪt] vt.装饰…，…
decoration [dekəˈreɪʃ(ə)n] n.装饰，
decrease [dɪˈkriːs] v.减少，，
deed [diːd] n. 行为；
deep [diːp] a. 深 ad. 深；
deeply [ˈdiːplɪ] ad. 深深地
deer [dɪə(r)] n. 鹿
defeat [dɪˈfiːt] vt. 击败；重点短语
cannot but 不得不，不会不 cannot help but不得不(接动词原形) cannot...too（enough/more...越…越好，不过分 care for关怀，照管；愿意 carry away运走，使入迷 carry forward推进，发扬 call up 打电话；召唤；使人回忆起; calm/cool down 平静下来；使()冷静下来 care for/about 照顾；喜欢；喜爱／关心； carry off 夺走，诱拐；夺去…生命； carry on 继续；续接从事；处理；开展 carry out 完成；落实；贯彻；执行 carry through 贯彻到底；度过难关； cash in兑现；收到…的货款 (sth)catch fire 着火，烧着 chat/talk over coffee/tea 边..边谈 catch sb.'s eye 引起(某人)注目 change one's mind改变主意 speak up one’s mind直抒己见 charge (sb.) with 起诉..罪名；托付， a case in point 明证 catch sight of 发现，看到，突然看见 catch a glimpse of 瞥一眼 catch up with 赶上；指出…出了差错 check in 办理登记手续，报到 check out 结账后离开；检验合格 check up 体格检查；核对，检查 clean up 扫除，清洗干净；收拾干净； clear up，转晴；变好，整理；澄清 check up 核对，检验 cheer up 使高兴，振作 chew over深思，细想；仔细商量 clear away把…清除掉；(云)消失 close up 关闭；阻塞； close/shut down (工厂等)关闭，倒闭 combine.. with. 使结合；使联合起来 come at 袭击；达到；得到 come about 发生，(风等)改变方向 come across (无意中)碰到， come along/on 来呀；一道来；得啦